Single-Session Interventions for Mental Health Problems and Service Engagement: Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.

Most people with mental health needs cannot access treatment; among those who do, many access services only once. Accordingly, single-session interventions (SSIs) may help bridge the treatment gap. We conducted the first umbrella review synthesizing research on SSIs for mental health problems and service engagement in youth and adults.

Markers for Pressure Injury Risk in Individuals with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study.

Objective: To identify markers associated with pressure injury (PrI) history in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) using two approaches: skin blood flow (SBF) response toward localized heating, and serum marker for insulin resistance.

Methods: For this cross-sectional, observational study of adults with chronic traumatic SCI at T12 and above, researchers recruited two groups of participants: with history of PrI (group 1), and without history of PrI (group 2). The study protocol included obtaining fasting blood samples and measurement of SBF at bilateral heels with localized heating of 42 °C for 30 minutes from all participants.

Racial disparities in extended venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after hysterectomy.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant preventable cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality after major abdominopelvic surgery that calls for extended VTE prophylaxis (eVTEp). Literature suggests that significant racial disparities may exist in post-operative care.

Objective: The study sought to examine if racial disparities exist in the administration of eVTEp after hysterectomy in a statewide collaborative.

Instagram Engagement Helps Increase Residency Applicant Interest in Orthopaedic Surgery.

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate whether Instagram engagement data affect residency application volumes for orthopaedic surgery residency programs and rank the top 50 Instagram accounts associated with programs based on engagement.

Methods: Data from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2023 were collected in August 2023 for Instagram metrics through Popsters social media analytic tool for business accounts and manually for nonbusiness accounts, as well as applicant numbers through the Association of American Medical College (AAMC) Residency Explorer Tool. Top 50 rankings were created from 2020 to 2022 based on engagement score, number of applicants, and growth in application numbers.

A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Neuropharmacological Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Acanthus ebracteatus (Vahl.) Using Experimental and In Silico Approaches.

This study was undertaken to assess the antioxidant and neuropharmacological potentials of the methanol leaf extract of Acanthus ebracteatus (MAEL) through experimental and in silico methods. The phytochemical screening (PS) and GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) identified 28 phytochemicals with different classes in nature in MAEL. The MAEL revealed better antioxidant activity through various in vitro antioxidant assays.

Impact of Race on Transplantation in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and occurs without racial predilection. In general, non-White ESKD patients have less access to transplantation, especially living donor transplantation. We examined long-term outcomes of ADPKD-ESKD patients by self-reported race, with attention to the trajectory of Estimated Post-Transplant Survival (EPTS) scores over time.

The prevalence of postpartum depression among women with physical disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Pregnant and postpartum mothers with physical disabilities face discrimination in healthcare settings and high rates of maternal and obstetric complications, as well as having higher rates of lifetime depression prior to pregnancy, potentially increasing their likelihood of experiencing postpartum depression (PPD). Some studies have found higher rates of PPD in mothers with physical disabilities than in mothers without physical disabilities, with more disabling symptoms associated with worse PPD systems; however, the literature is sparse and heterogenous. This systematic review and meta-analysis advanced this area of study by evaluating the strength of the association between PPD and physical disability.

Skin cancer knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and prevention practices among beachgoers: a narrative review.

People who spend time at the beach at increased risk for ultraviolet light (UV) exposure. This review assessed skin cancer-related knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and prevention practices among beachgoers and sunbathers at the beach. Relevant articles were search in the following electronic databases: PubMed (Medline), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), ERIC, and PsycINFO.

Progesterone induces meiosis through two obligate co-receptors with PLA2 activity.

The steroid hormone progesterone (P4) regulates multiple aspects of reproductive and metabolic physiology. Classical P4 signaling operates through nuclear receptors that regulate transcription. In addition, P4 signals through membrane P4 receptors (mPRs) in a rapid nongenomic modality.

Use of AI in Cardiac CT and MRI: A Scientific Statement from the ESCR, EuSoMII, NASCI, SCCT, SCMR, SIIM, and RSNA.

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers promising solutions for many steps of the cardiac imaging workflow, from patient and test selection through image acquisition, reconstruction, and interpretation, extending to prognostication and reporting. Despite the development of many cardiac imaging AI algorithms, AI tools are at various stages of development and face challenges for clinical implementation. This scientific statement, endorsed by several societies in the field, provides an overview of the current landscape and challenges of AI applications in cardiac CT and MRI.

A 26-Year-Old Woman with Postpartum Abdominal Pain.

AbstractMorning Report is a time-honored tradition where physicians-in-training present cases to their colleagues and clinical experts to collaboratively examine an interesting patient presentation. The Morning Report section seeks to carry on this tradition by presenting a patient's chief concern and story, inviting the reader to develop a differential diagnosis and discover the diagnosis alongside the authors of the case. This report examines the story of a 26-year-old woman who developed acute hepatocellular liver injury following a cesarean delivery for fetal distress.

Policy Recommendations to Support Equitable Access to Long-Acting Injectables for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevention and Treatment: A Policy Paper of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the HIV Medicine Association.

Long-acting injectables (LAIs) for HIV prevention and treatment could dramatically improve health outcomes and health equity for people with HIV and those who could benefit from pre-exposure prophylaxis. Despite widespread acceptability and demand by providers and potential users of LAIs, implementation has been extremely limited since the introduction of cabotegravir/rilpivirine, the first LAI for HIV treatment, in January 2021, and long-acting cabotegravir, the first LAI for HIV prevention, in December 2021. We report results of a provider survey, conducted by the HIV Medicine Association, which identified LAI implementation barriers related to health insurance processes, staffing and administrative support, drug costs and acquisition, and access for individuals who are uninsured.

The effect of caregiver opinion leaders to increase demand for evidence-based practices for youth anxiety: A cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Dissemination initiatives have the potential to increase consumer knowledge of and engagement with evidence-based treatments (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy [CBT]).

Minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy: A bibliometric method applied to the top one hundred cited articles.

Background: Minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD) is considered one of the most complex procedures in general surgery. The number of articles on MIPD has been increasing annually. However, published reports often have complex research directions, and the focal points frequently change.

Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Review.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of chronic liver disease (CLD) contributing to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. While liver transplantation (LT) has shown favorable outcomes, early identification and management of AKI is imperative for survival. This review aims to highlight the epidemiology, pathophysiology, management, and prognosis of AKI in CLD.

Dermal fibroblast-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) synergizes with keratinocytes in promoting re-epithelization and scarless healing of skin wounds: Towards optimized skin tissue engineering.

Skin serves as the first-order protective barrier against the environment and any significant disruptions in skin integrity must be promptly restored. Despite significant advances in therapeutic strategies, effective management of large chronic skin wounds remains a clinical challenge. Dermal fibroblasts are the primary cell type responsible for remodeling the extracellular matrix (ECM) in wound healing.

Environment scan of generative AI infrastructure for clinical and translational science.

This study reports a comprehensive environmental scan of the generative AI (GenAI) infrastructure in the national network for clinical and translational science across 36 institutions supported by the CTSA Program led by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at the United States. Key findings indicate a diverse range of institutional strategies, with most organizations in the experimental phase of GenAI deployment. The results underscore the need for a more coordinated approach to GenAI governance, emphasizing collaboration among senior leaders, clinicians, information technology staff, and researchers.

Robotic surgery for paediatric neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction: a systematic review.

Objective: To evaluate in a systematic review the outcomes, benefits, and limitations of robot-assisted surgeries for paediatric neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD), as robot-assisted techniques have emerged as a potential alternative, offering enhanced precision, dexterity, and visualisation.

Methods: This review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO identifier CRD42023464849) and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We included studies of paediatric patients (aged <18 years) with neurogenic LUTD undergoing robot-assisted continence surgery, assessing safety and efficacy.

Advancements in Artificial Intelligence in Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging: A Comprehensive Review.

Background: Technological advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) are redefining cardiac imaging by providing advanced tools for analyzing complex health data. AI is increasingly applied across various imaging modalities, including echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and nuclear imaging, to enhance diagnostic workflows and improve patient outcomes.

Hypothesis: Integrating AI into cardiac imaging enhances image quality, accelerates processing times, and improves diagnostic accuracy, enabling timely and personalized interventions that lead to better health outcomes.

Natural Anticancer Drugs: Efficacy, Safety, and Future Challenges.

The investigation of naturally derived anticancer drugs has gained prominence in cancer therapy research. Within a broad context, this review seeks to elucidate the molecular foundations and diverse mechanisms underlying these compounds to understand their pivotal role in advancing effective interventions. Additionally by employing a systematic approach, this study examined the interplay between cellular components, signaling pathways, and genetic factors, providing valuable insights into the regulatory networks governing the efficacy of these drugs.

Impact of cariprazine on body weight and blood pressure among adults with bipolar I disorder, schizophrenia, or major depressive disorder in a real-world setting.

Background: Atypical antipsychotics are a common treatment for serious mental illness, but many are associated with adverse effects, including weight gain and cardiovascular issues, and real-world experience may differ from clinical trial data. Cariprazine has previously demonstrated a favorable safety and tolerability profile in clinical trials. Here, we evaluated the effects of cariprazine on body weight and blood pressure for bipolar I disorder (BP-I), schizophrenia, or as adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) using real-world data.

Automated Integration of AI Results into Radiology Reports Using Common Data Elements.

Integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into radiology practice can create opportunities to improve diagnostic accuracy, workflow efficiency, and patient outcomes. Integration demands the ability to seamlessly incorporate AI-derived measurements into radiology reports. Common data elements (CDEs) define standardized, interoperable units of information.