Diagnostic and prognostic performance of urine ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 across multiple acute brain injury types - A longitudinal prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) is recognized as a diagnostic and prognostic blood biomarker for traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study aimed to evaluate whether UCH-L1 concentrations measured in patients' urine post-injury could serve as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for outcomes in various types of acute brain injuries (ABI).

Material And Methods: This pilot study included 46 ABI patients: aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 22), ischemic stroke (n = 16), and traumatic brain injury (n = 8), along with three healthy controls.

Favorable response to ketogenic diet therapy in a patient with -related epilepsy.

Dynein Cytoplasmic 1 Heavy chain 1 (-related disorders are a spectrum of conditions including neurodevelopmental disorders, congenital brain malformations, and neuromuscular diseases. These clinical features may co-occur, with four main disease entities including epilepsy with developmental epileptic encephalopathy such as infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2O, spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity-predominance (SMALED), and congenital cortical malformations. Epilepsy associated with this disorder often becomes drug-resistant and requires multiple medications and, in some cases, non-pharmacological treatments.

Insights from social media into public perspectives on investigative genetic genealogy.

Social media sites like X (formerly Twitter) increasingly serve as spaces for the public to discuss controversial topics. Social media can spark extreme viewpoints and spread biased or inaccurate information while simultaneously allowing for debate around policy-relevant topics. The arrest of Joseph J.

Urinary incontinence (UI) in older women in low- and middle-income countries: a rapid review and case study from Burkina Faso.

The prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) in older women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is not well understood. We conducted a rapid literature review to assess the burden of UI in this population and contextualize findings from a household survey of women aged 40 and older in Nouna, in northwestern Burkina Faso. The rapid review included 21 survey articles.

The feasibility of implementing a digital pregnancy and postpartum support program in the Midwestern United States and the association with maternal and infant health.

Objective: The benefits of mobile applications in the prenatal period remain understudied. This study assessed associations between the Pregnancy Postpartum Support Program (PPSP), a digital wraparound service, and maternal and infant outcomes in a Medicaid population.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on pregnant patients with Medicaid insurance who received care and delivered in a Midwestern United States healthcare system between 8/1/2022-8/15/2023, comparing outcomes among those who did versus did not opt for PPSP enrollment.

DISCOntinuation of disease-modifying therapies in MS: The DISCOMS extension trial.

Background: In the DISCOMS (DISCOntinuation of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in multiple sclerosis (MS)) randomized clinical trial, we could not demonstrate that discontinuing MS DMTs in older, stable adults was not inferior to continuing DMTs. Relapses were rare in both groups, and most new disease activity was one to two new brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions unassociated with clinical changes.

Objective/aims: Describe results of the DISCOMS extension study.

Intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex®) findings over time: ultrasound and ultra-widefield fundus photography.

Background: Ozurdex® (Allergan®, AbbVie Company, North Chicago, Illinois, EUA), is composed of 0.7 mg of dexamethasone, fused in a solid biodegradable PLGA polymer, whose degradation occurs naturally in the vitreous cavity, usually in six months after its application.

Methods: In this study, we included patients aged ≥ 18 years with one or two eyes who had an indication for Ozurdex implants.

Insights into the dependence of post-stroke motor recovery on the initial corticospinal tract connectivity from a computational model.

There is a consensus that motor recovery post-stroke primarily depends on the degree of the initial connectivity of the ipsilesional corticospinal tract (CST). Indeed, if the residual CST connectivity is sufficient to convey motor commands, the neuromotor system continues to use the CST predominantly, and motor function recovers up to 80%. In contrast, if the residual CST connectivity is insufficient, hand/arm dexterity barely recovers, even as the phases of stroke progress.

Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Relation to Leiomyoma Volume, Location, and Position in Reproductive-aged Women in the USA.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Uterine leiomyomata are widely believed to contribute to lower urinary tract symptoms in women, but it is unclear whether leiomyoma size, position, and location have important implications for these symptoms. We assessed whether greater leiomyoma volume, anterior position, and subserosal location were associated with urinary incontinence and frequent urination in a racially diverse, nationwide sample of premenopausal women in the USA.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 477 premenopausal women from 12 USA sites undergoing evaluation for laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation or myomectomy for leiomyomata was carried out.

Exposure to Crime at Food Stores: Implications for Nutrition and Health among Black Americans.

Crime is a public health issue that disproportionately affects racially-marginalized populations. Studies have reported that food stores (e.g.

Triadic balance and network evolution in predictive models of signed networks.

This paper introduces a novel approach for identifying dynamic triadic transformation processes, applied to five networks: three undirected and two directed. Our method significantly enhances the prediction accuracy of network ties. While balance theory offers insights into evolving patterns of triadic structures, its effects on overall network dynamics remain underexplored.

Non-linear enhancement of ultrafast X-ray diffraction through transient resonances.

Diffraction-before-destruction imaging with ultrashort X-ray pulses can visualize non-equilibrium processes, such as chemical reactions, with sub-femtosecond precision in the native environment. Here, a nanospecimen diffracts a single X-ray flash before it disintegrates. The sample structure can be reconstructed from the coherent diffraction image (CDI).

Impact of hospital readmission site on outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy: a nationwide analysis.

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) significantly improves outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion. There is limited understanding of how the site of hospital readmission after MT influences patient outcomes. Addressing this gap may be important for optimizing post-MT care and improving long-term outcomes for stroke patients.

Epidemiology and outcomes of patients with cardiac arrest in the emergency department of a lower middle-income country.

Background: Advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS) for cardiac arrest is a cornerstone of emergency care and yet remains poorly studied in low- and middle-income countries. We characterised the clinical epidemiology and outcomes of cardiac arrest and ACLS in an ED in central Haiti, a lower middle-income country with a nascent emergency care system.

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study of adult and paediatric patients who suffered cardiac arrest in an academic hospital ED in central Haiti from January 2019 to August 2020.

Current availability of radiotherapy devices in Peru and artificial intelligence-based analysis for constructing a nationwide implementation plan.

Purpose: We provide for the first time a comprehensive situational diagnosis and propose an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted nationwide plan of implementation, attending the most urgent needs.

Methods: Baseline information was collected from open-source databases of the Peruvian Government. Data on cancer incidence from the Health Authorities and GLOBOCAN were collected and compared.

Hypusinated and unhypusinated isoforms of the translation factor eIF5A exert distinct effects in models of pancreas development and function.

Hypusination of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) is essential for its role in translation elongation and termination. Although the function of hypusinated eIF5A (eIF5A) in cellular proliferation is well-characterized, the role of its unhypusinated form (eIF5A) remains unclear. We hypothesized that eIF5A exerts independent, negative effects on cellular replication and metabolism, distinct from the loss of eIF5A.

Timing of exercise differentially impacts adipose tissue gain in male adolescent rats.

Circadian rhythms of metabolic, hormonal, and behavioral fluctuations and their alterations can impact health. An important gap in knowledge in the field is whether the time of the day of exercise and the age of onset of exercise exert distinct effects at the level of whole-body adipose tissue and body composition. The goal of the present study was to determine how exercise at different times of the day during adolescence impacts the adipose tissue transcriptome and content in a rodent model.

Transforming Physiology and Healthcare through Foundation Models.

Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) may significantly alter physiological research and healthcare delivery. Whereas AI applications in medicine have historically been trained for specific tasks, recent technological advances have produced models trained on more diverse datasets with much higher parameter counts. These new, "foundation" models raise the possibility that more flexible AI tools can be applied to a wider set of healthcare tasks than in the past.

Adherence to 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) and Habit Strength in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL).

Background: Low 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) adherence (< 95%) is associated with increased relapse in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Stronger habit has been associated with higher adherence. We examined the relationship of 6-MP adherence to habit strength and health-related quality of life in pediatric ALL.

Reliability of remote video ratings of the scale for assessment and rating of ataxia.

Introduction: The Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) is a widely used clinical rating scale in ataxia. Remote video assessments of SARA examinations are increasingly used to reduce variability through centralized ratings. Remote video assessments have a high agreement with in-person ratings, but the intra- and inter-rater reliability of remote video ratings has not been examined.

Efficacy and Safety of Sulforaphane Added to Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

There are few established treatments for negative symptoms in schizophrenia, which persist in many patients after positive symptoms are reduced. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and epigenetic modifications involving histone deacetylase (HDAC) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Sulforaphane has antioxidant properties and is an HDAC inhibitor.

Pregnancy Complications and Long-Term Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk.

Purpose Of Review: Discuss the relationship between pregnancy complications and long-term atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk.

Recent Findings: A large body of research confirms an association between pregnancy complications and increased short and long-term ASCVD risk and seeks to understand mechanisms for these associations. Social determinants of health continue to have a critical impact on the prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) and long term ASCVD risk.