Long-term follow-up of the impact of brief sleep and lifestyle interventions in infancy on BMI z-score at 11 years of age: The POI randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To determine whether BMI differences observed at 5 years of age, from early intervention in infancy, remained apparent at 11 years.

Methods: Participants (n = 734) from the original randomized controlled trial (n = 802) underwent measures of body mass index (BMI), body composition (DXA), sleep and physical activity (24-h accelerometry, questionnaire), diet (repeated 24-h recalls), screen time (daily diaries), wellbeing (CHU-9D, WHO-5), and family functioning (McMaster FAD) around their 11th birthday. Following multiple imputation, regression models explored the effects of two interventions ('Sleep' vs.

Ultralight flexible 3D nickel micromesh decorated with NiCoP for high stability alkaline zinc batteries.

Rechargeable alkaline zinc batteries are emerging as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems, owing to their affordability, eco-friendliness and high energy density. However, their widespread application is hindered by stability challenges, particularly in alkaline environments, due to cathode corrosion and deformation, as well as dendrite formation and unwanted side reactions at the Zn anode. To address these issues, we successfully developed a 3D nickel micromesh-supported NiCoP (3D NM@NiCoP) electrode.

Increasing Use of Antenatal Magnesium Sulphate Prior to Preterm Birth for Preventing Cerebral Palsy in Australia and New Zealand, 2012-2020: A Binational Registry Study.

We assessed the use of magnesium sulphate prior to preterm birth for preventing cerebral palsy in an Australian and New Zealand registry study. Use increased markedly from 32.3% (2012) to 78.

Posterior Limbal Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Promote Proliferation and Stemness of Transition Zone Cells: A Novel Insight Into Corneal Endothelial Rejuvenation.

Purpose: Progenitors for the corneal endothelium have been identified in the transition zone (TZ), but their cellular interactions remain undefined. Posterior limbal mesenchymal stromal cells (P-LMSCs) may support TZ cells in the posterior limbus. This study aims to characterize P-LMSCs and investigate their effects on TZ cells.

Relationship between left ventricular shape and cardiovascular risk factors: comparison between the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and UK Biobank.

Background: Statistical shape atlases have been used in large-cohort studies to investigate relationships between heart shape and risk factors. The generalisability of these relationships between cohorts is unknown. The aims of this study were to compare left ventricular (LV) shapes in patients with differing cardiovascular risk factor profiles from two cohorts and to investigate whether LV shape scores generated with respect to a reference cohort can be directly used to study shape differences in another cohort.

Foot tissue stress in chronic ankle instability during the stance phase of cutting.

Lower limb biomechanics of chronic ankle instability (CAI) individuals has been widely investigated, but few have evaluated the internal foot mechanics in CAI. This study evaluated bone and soft tissue stress in CAI contrasted with copers and non-injured participants during a cutting task. Integrating scanned 3D foot shapes and free-form deformation, sixty-six personalized finite element foot models were developed.

Mixotrophic anammox bacteria outcompete dissimilatory nitrate reduction and denitrifying bacteria in propionate-containing wastewater.

Organic carbon can influence nitrogen removal during the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process. Propionate, a common organic compound in pretreated wastewater, its impacts on mixotrophic anammox bacteria and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study investigated the core metabolism and shift in behavior patterns of mixotrophic Candidatus Brocadia sapporoensis (AMXB) under long-term propionate exposure.

Early life microbial succession in the gut follows common patterns in humans across the globe.

Characterizing the dynamics of microbial community succession in the infant gut microbiome is crucial for understanding child health and development, but no normative model currently exists. Here, we estimate child age using gut microbial taxonomic relative abundances from metagenomes, with high temporal resolution (±3 months) for the first 1.5 years of life.

Evaluating the differential benefits of varying carbohydrate-restricted diets on lipid profiles and cardiovascular risks in dyslipidemia: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

: carbohydrate-restricted diets (CRDs) have gained attention to address metabolic dysregulation commonly observed in dyslipidemia, a condition posing significant risks to cardiovascular health. However, the effectiveness of CRDs in improving cardiovascular health remains contentious. This meta-analysis comprehensively evaluated the long-term effects of CRDs on glucolipid metabolism and weight loss in individuals with dyslipidemia.

Finding the right dose: a scoping review examining facilitation as an implementation strategy for evidence-based stroke care.

Background: Despite evidence supporting interventions that improve outcomes for patients with stroke, their implementation remains suboptimal. Facilitation can support implementation of research into clinical practice by helping people develop the strategies to implement change. However, variability in the amount (dose) and type of facilitation activities/facilitator roles that make up the facilitation strategies (content), may affect the effectiveness of facilitation.

Unlocking the Potential: How Flavonoids Affect Angiogenesis, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Proliferation, Invasion, and Alter Receptor Interactions in Endometriosis.

Endometriosis, though not classified as a carcinogenic condition, shares features such as oxidative stress, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and inflammation with tumor cells. This study aims to review the effects of flavonoids on these processes and their molecular mechanisms in preventing and treating endometriosis. A comprehensive review was conducted, involving a literature search in online databases using keywords like "endometriosis," "endometrioma," and "flavonoid.

A Standardized Classification Scheme for Gastroduodenal Disorder Evaluation Using the Gastric Alimetry System: Prospective Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: Gastric Alimetry™ (Alimetry, New Zealand) is a new clinical test for gastroduodenal disorders involving simultaneous body surface gastric electrical mapping and validated symptom profiling. Studies have demonstrated a range of distinct pathophysiological profiles, and a classification scheme is now required. We used Gastric Alimetry spectral and symptom profiles to develop a mechanism-based test classification scheme, then assessed correlations with symptom severity, psychometrics, and quality of life.

Experiences of Māori and Pacific women recruited into a pregnancy clinical trial in Aotearoa, New Zealand: a Kaupapa Māori qualitative study.

Objectives: To explore the perspectives of Māori and Pacific women who participated in the Fish Oil study to ascertain what barriers and facilitators may exist for successfully recruiting Māori and Pacific women into clinical trials.

Design: A Kaupapa Māori qualitative study.

Setting: Auckland, New Zealand.

Integrated UHPLC-Q-exactive orbitrap HRMS and serum pharmacochemistry for the investigation of anti-hepatic fibrosis effect of Baoganning Decoction.

Background: Early intervention in hepatic fibrosis (HF) is critical to reducing the risk of cirrhosis-related mortality and hepatocellular cancer. However, treating fibrosis has proven to be more challenging, with no approved anti-fibrotic therapies currently available for HF. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) hold significant potential for the management of HF.

Blink completeness and rate in dry eye disease: An investigator-masked, prospective registry-based, cross-sectional, prognostic study.

Purpose: To investigate the prognostic ability of blink rate and the proportion of incomplete blinking to predict dry eye disease diagnosis, as defined by the TFOS DEWS II criteria.

Methods: A total of 453 community residents (282 females, 171 males; mean ± SD age, 37 ± 19 years) were recruited in an investigator-masked, prospective registry-based, cross-sectional, prognostic study. Dry eye symptomology, tear film quality, and ocular surface characteristics were assessed in a single clinical session, and blink parameters evaluated by an independent masked observer.

Targeted Cx43 therapeutics reduce NLRP3 inflammasome activation in rat burn injury.

Burns are dynamic injuries characterized by an initial zone of necrosis that progresses to compromise surrounding tissue. Acute inflammation and cell death are two main factors contributing to burn progression. These processes are modulated by Connexin43 (Cx43) hemichannels and gap junctions in burns and chronic wounds.

Dietary Salt-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors of New Zealand Adults Aged 18-65 Years.

Objective: To explore dietary salt-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of New Zealand (NZ) adults aged 18-65 years and assess differences by demographic subgroups.

Design: Cross-sectional online survey conducted between June 1, 2018 and August 31, 2018.

Setting: Participants were recruited in shopping malls, via social media, and a market research panel.

Efficacy and Satisfaction of a Chemically Characterized L. Extract-Based Food Supplement for Functional Constipation in Healthy Consumers: Preliminary Results of a Questionnaire-Based Survey.

Background/objectives: L. is rich in mucilage and is traditionally used for the management of numerous ailments including gastrointestinal disorders. Functional constipation (FC) is a gastrointestinal condition characterized by defecation anomalies such as infrequent stools, difficulty in stool passage, or both in the absence of pathological abnormalities.

"Knowledge was clearly associated with education." epistemic positioning in the context of informed choice: a scoping review and secondary qualitative analysis.

Background: Being able to measure informed choice represents a mechanism for service evaluation to monitor whether informed choice is achieved in practice. Approaches to measuring informed choice to date have been based in the biomedical hegemony. Overlooked is the effect of epistemic positioning, that is, how people are positioned as credible knowers in relation to knowledge tested as being relevant for informed choice.

Bee reasonable: Do bumblebees reason by exclusion?

In a clever adaptation of the two-cups task, a recent paper tested for reasoning by exclusion in bees. Although further work is necessary to rule out competing hypotheses, this study advances our ability to test cognitive capacities in invertebrates.

Using routine primary care data in research: (in)efficient case studies and perspectives from the Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research.

Aim: We aimed to identify enablers and barriers of using primary care routine data for healthcare research, to formulate recommendations for improving efficiency in knowledge discovery.

Background: Data recorded routinely in primary care can be used for estimating the impact of interventions provided within routine care for all people who are clinically eligible. Despite official promotion of 'efficient trial designs', anecdotally researchers in the Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research (AUKCAR) have encountered multiple barriers to accessing and using routine data.

In vitro anti-biofilm efficacy of therapeutic low dose 265 nm UVC.

Purpose: Preclinical studies have confirmed the safety and efficacy of narrowband low-intensity ultraviolet C light (UVC) in managing bacterial corneal infection. To further consolidate these findings, the present study aimed to explore in vitro anti-biofilm efficacy of low-intensity UVC light for its potential use in biofilm-related infections.

Methods: Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm was grown in chamber well slides for 48 h and exposed to one of the following challenges: UVC (265 nm wavelength, intensity 1.

Brain tumour histopathology through the lens of deep learning: A systematic review.

Problem: Machine learning (ML)/Deep learning (DL) techniques have been evolving to solve more complex diseases, but it has been used relatively little in Glioblastoma (GBM) histopathological studies, which could benefit greatly due to the disease's complex pathogenesis.

Aim: Conduct a systematic review to investigate how ML/DL techniques have influenced the progression of brain tumour histopathological research, particularly in GBM.

Methods: 54 eligible studies were collected from the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, and their information about the types of brain tumour/s used, types of -omics data used with histopathological data, origins of the data, types of ML/DL and its training and evaluation methodologies, and the ML/DL task it was set to perform in the study were extracted to inform us of trends in GBM-related ML/DL-based research.