How Should Health Professions Schools Partner With AI/AN Communities?

Many health professions education institutions exist on land once inhabited by American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN). Land acknowledgment by these academic organizations is helpful, but collaborative support of AI/AN health is also needed. Because tribal-university partnerships in education are fewer than in research but just as important, this article considers health professions schools' responsibilities to offer students clinical rotations on tribal lands and to recruit AI/AN students.

What Should Physicians Consider About American Indian/Alaska Native Women's Reproductive Freedom?

Historically, American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) have been subjected to a lack of control over various aspects of their lives, including their reproductive health. In discussions of family planning with AI/AN patients, clinicians must consider past violations of reproductive rights and the need for transparent consent. This article explores the following questions: What were historical violations of AI/AN women's reproductive rights? How should physicians express respect for this history and for the autonomy of AI/AN female patients regarding surgical sterilization procedures today?

Ethical, legal, and communication challenges in managing goals-of-care discussions in chronically critically ill patients.

Clinicians should expect controversial goals of care discussions in the surgical intensive care from time to time. Differing opinions about the likelihood of meaningful recovery in patients with chronic critical illness often exist between intensive care unit providers of different disciplines. Outcome predictions presented by health-care providers are often reflections of their own point of view that is influenced by provider experience, profession, and personal values, rather than the consequence of reliable scientific evaluation.

Comparison of a Novel Rapid Lateral Flow Assay to Enzyme Immunoassay Results for Early Diagnosis of Coccidioidomycosis.

Background: Coccidioidomycosis (CM) is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia where CM is endemic. Manifestations include self-limited pulmonary infection, chronic fibrocavitary pulmonary disease, and disseminated coccidioidomycosis. Most infections are identified by serological assays including enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA), complement fixation, and immunodiffusion.

Management of cataract in the setting of uveitis: a review of the current literature.

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to cover the preoperative planning, intraoperative considerations, and postoperative management that aids in successful outcomes of patients with cataract and uveitis. Disease-specific management and pediatric management will also be addressed.

Recent Findings: Dexamethasone implants appear to be a safe and effective addition to standard steroid treatment in decreasing the incidence of postoperative cystoid macular edema (CME).

Permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia in infants and Children.

Permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia (PJRT) is a rare form of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). It generally presents in infants but can be difficult to diagnose. The characteristic EKG findings, response to Adenosine and persistence or frequent recurrences are helpful in making the diagnosis.

Diverticulitis of isolated jejunal diverticulum complicated by small bowel obstruction secondary to enterolith formation.

Jejunoileal diverticula (JD) are an uncommon condition most prevalent in the sixth and seventh decade of life. Although mostly asymptomatic, JD can be complicated by perforation, diverticulitis, abscess, bleeding, fistula, and small bowel obstruction (SBO) secondary to enterolith formation. There are a limited number of cases describing JD complicated by SBO secondary to enterolith formation.

Sex differences in initial treatment for genital extramammary Paget disease in the United States: A systematic review.

Background: Surgery is the standard treatment for genital extramammary Paget disease (gEMPD).

Objective: To determine if gEMPD treatments and outcomes differ by sex and US region.

Methods: A systematic review was performed of all English-language studies on initial gEMPD treatment in Medline via PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.

Trends in overdose-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Arizona.

Aim: Opioid overdose mortality has increased in North America; however, recent regional trends in the proportion of treated overdose-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OD-OHCA) compared to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of presumed cardiac etiology (C-OHCA) are largely unknown. Our aim is to assess trends in the prevalence and outcomes of OD-OHCAs compared to C-OHCAs in Arizona.

Methods: Statewide, observational study utilizing an Utstein-style database with EMS-first care reports linked with hospital records, and vital statistics data from 2010 to 2015.

Do Orthostatic Vital Signs Have Utility in the Evaluation of Syncope?

Background: Syncope is a common presentation in the emergency department (ED). The differential diagnosis is long and includes benign conditions as well as acute life threats, such as dysrhythmias or pulmonary embolism.

Objective: The specific goals of this review are twofold: 1) to define the diagnostic utility of orthostatic vital signs (OVS) as a test for orthostatic syncope, and 2) to determine whether OVS help diagnose or exclude life-threatening causes of syncope in ED patients.

[Knowledge, attitudes, practices and education among students in a faculty of health].

Objective To determine tuberculosis (TB) knowledge, attitudes, practices, education and Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) positivity among Colombian health professions students in their last year of study. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-reported questionnaire about TB knowledge, attitudes, practices and education with 193 students of medicine, nursing, dentistry, physical therapy, speech and language therapy, occupational therapy, clinical laboratory studies and emergency care. A TST was performed on 153 of the students.

TCR Signaling Emerges from the Sum of Many Parts.

"How does T cell receptor signaling begin?" Answering this question requires an understanding of how the parts of the molecular machinery that mediates this process fit and work together. Ultimately this molecular architecture must (i) trigger the relay of information from the TCR-pMHC interface to the signaling substrates of the CD3 molecules and (ii) bring the kinases that modify these substrates in close proximity to interact, initiate, and sustain signaling. In this contribution we will discuss advances of the last decade that have increased our understanding of the complex machinery and interactions that underlie this type of signaling.