Does Schizophrenia Itself Cause Obesity?

Background: Schizophrenia (SC) is considered the most serious of all mental disorders. Some antipsychotics are associated with weight gain and metabolic abnormalities. Whether SC itself causes obesity remains uncertain.

Multiple-Network Alterations in Major Depressive Disorder With Gastrointestinal Symptoms at Rest Revealed by Global Functional Connectivity Analysis.

Objective: Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are prominent in major depressive disorder (MDD) and bring patients lots of complaints and troubles. We aimed to explore whether there were some distinctive brain image alterations in MDD with GI symptoms, which could be used to distinguish MDD with GI symptoms from those without GI symptoms and healthy controls (HCs).

Methods: A total of 35 outpatients with GI symptoms, 17 outpatients without GI symptoms, and 28 HCs were recruited.

Paeoniflorin Rescued MK-801-Induced Schizophrenia-Like Behaviors in Mice via Oxidative Stress Pathway.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) affects approximately 1% population worldwide, and the first-line antipsychotics have partial reactivity or non-reactivity with side effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find more effective drugs. Paeoniflorin (PF) is the main effective component of traditional Chinese medicine from white peony, red peony and peony bark, which acts as a neuroprotective agent.

Fibroblast Growth Factor 9 as a Potential Biomarker for Schizophrenia.

Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that fibroblast growth factor (FGF) system contributed to the onset and development of schizophrenia (SCZ). However, there was no strong clinical evidence to link an individual FGF with SCZ. In this study, we aim to measure blood FGF9 levels in the patients with SCZ with and/or without medication, and test whether FGF9 has a potential to be a biomarker for SCZ.

Abnormal spontaneous neural activity as a potential predictor of early treatment response in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background: We aimed to explore the value of early improvement in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) along with potential imaging changes after treatment with paroxetine in building diagnostic models and predicting treatment response.

Methods: The clinical symptoms of patients with OCD were assessed at baseline and post-treatment (four weeks). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, fractional amplitudes of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) indicator, support vector machine (SVM), support vector regression (SVR), and correlation analysis were performed to acquire and analyze the data.

Epidemiological, Radiographical, and Laboratorial Characteristics of Chinese Asymptomatic Cases With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Unlabelled: The comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of asymptomatic cases are helpful for the identification and management of patients with asymptomatic COVID-19 infection. Four electronic databases were searched from December 1, 2019 to February 8, 2022 for relevant articles. Data synthesis, subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis were performed on the included studies.

Abnormal Default Mode Network Homogeneity in Major Depressive Disorder With Gastrointestinal Symptoms at Rest.

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are prominent in many patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, it remains unclear whether MDD patients with GI symptoms have brain imaging alterations in the default mode network (DMN) regions.

Methods: A total of 35 MDD patients with GI symptoms, 17 MDD patients without GI symptoms, and 28 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited.

CYP2D6 Gene Polymorphisms and Variable Metabolic Activity in Schizophrenia Patients of Han and Tibetan Populations.

Background: It has been suggested that the pharmacogenomic response to antipsychotics in schizophrenia patients partially contributed by drug metabolism enzyme polymorphism, including P450 2D6 (CYP2D6). However, CYP2D6 gene polymorphism across populations is largely unknown.

Materials And Methods: Here, we investigated the differences of CYP2D6 gene polymorphism between Chinese Han and Tibetan schizophrenia patients.

Global Functional Connectivity Analysis Indicating Dysconnectivity of the Hate Circuit in Major Depressive Disorder.

Background: Abnormalities of functional connectivity (FC) in certain brain regions are closely related to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Findings are inconsistent with different presuppositions in regions of interest. Our research focused on voxel-wise brain-wide FC changes in patients with MDD in an unbiased manner.

Altered Brain Functional Asymmetry in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Related to Gastrointestinal Symptoms.

Objective: Disrupted brain functional asymmetry has been reported in major depressive disorder (MDD). The comorbidity may be a crucial factor to this functional asymmetry. It is quite common that gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are comorbid with MDD, but limited evidence focuses on the effect of GI comorbidity on the neuropathology of MDD from a functional lateralization perspective.

Differentiating Melancholic and Non-melancholic Major Depressive Disorder Using Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations.

Background: Melancholic major depressive disorder (MDD) is a network-based brain disorder. However, whether or not network-based changes can be applied to differentiate melancholic (MEL) from non-melancholic (NMEL) MDD remains unclear.

Methods: Thirty-one MEL patients, 28 NMEL patients, and 32 matched healthy controls (HCs) were scanned using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Metabolic indexes of obesity in patients with common mental disorders in stable stage.

Background: Obesity is a serious worldwide public health problem, especially for people with mental disorders.

Aim: To explore the related factors of obesity by analyzing the metabolic indexes of patients with common mental disorders in stable stage.

Methods: Five hundred seventy-six subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD) or schizophrenia (SCZ) were included, who received fixed drug dose and routine drug treatment for 2 years or more.

Metabolomic Identification of Serum Exosome-Derived Biomarkers for Bipolar Disorder.

Background: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that play important roles in various physiological and pathological functions. Previous studies have demonstrated that exosome-derived contents are promising biomarkers to inform the pathogenesis and diagnosis of major depressive disorder and schizophrenia.

Methods: We used ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to analyze the differentially expressed metabolites in serum exosomes of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and evaluated the potential of exosomal metabolites as biomarkers for BD.

Abnormal global-brain functional connectivity and its relationship with cognitive deficits in drug-naive first-episode adolescent-onset schizophrenia.

Abnormal functional connectivity (FC) has been reported in drug-naive first-episode adolescent-onset schizophrenia (AOS) with inconsistent results due to differently selected regions of interest. The voxel-wise global-brain functional connectivity (GFC) analysis can help explore abnormal FC in an unbiased way in AOS. A total of 48 drug-naive first-episode AOS as well as 31 sex-, age- and education-matched healthy controls were collected.

Shared and Distinct Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation Patterns in Major Depressive Disorders With and Without Gastrointestinal Symptoms.

Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are fairly common somatic symptoms in depressed patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of concomitant GI symptoms on the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) patterns in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and investigate the connection between aberrant fALFF and clinical characteristics. This study included 35 MDD patients with GI symptoms (GI-MDD patients), 17 MDD patients without GI symptoms (nGI-MDD patients), and 28 healthy controls (HCs).

Altered Peripheral Immune Profiles in First-Episode, Drug-Free Patients With Schizophrenia: Response to Antipsychotic Medications.

Previous research has demonstrated aberrations in the levels of inflammatory cytokines in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), but most of the respective studies have tested a narrow set of inflammatory cytokines. Here, we aimed to analyze broad immune profiles in the peripheral blood of the first-episode drug-free (FEDF) patients with SCZ at baseline and after an 8-week treatment with atypical antipsychotics. Serum samples from 24 FEDF patients with SCZ and 25 healthy control (HC) subjects were tested using Luminex multiplex analysis for 30 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors.

A fatal familial insomnia patient newly diagnosed as having depression: A case report.

Introduction: Fatal familial insomnia (FFI) is a rare clinical case. The study was mainly to report the clinical symptoms and imaging and genetic characteristics of a FFI case with depression, with relevant literature summarized.

Patient Concerns: A male, aged 57 years old, with mental disorders and progressive memory decline one year before admission.

Clubhouse Model of Psychiatric Rehabilitation in China to Promote Recovery of People With Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Whether the clubhouse model of psychiatric rehabilitation is well-implemented in China and whether patients with schizophrenia successfully achieve symptom remission and functional recovery through engaging in the clubhouse remain unclear. Seven electronic databases were searched for relevant articles from inception to April 21, 2021. Quality assessment, data synthesis, and subgroup analysis were performed on the included studies.

Increased Homotopic Connectivity in the Prefrontal Cortex Modulated by Olanzapine Predicts Therapeutic Efficacy in Patients with Schizophrenia.

Background: Previous studies have revealed the abnormalities in homotopic connectivity in schizophrenia. However, the relationship of these deficits to antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia remains unclear. This study explored the effects of antipsychotic therapy on brain homotopic connectivity and whether the homotopic connectivity of these regions might predict individual treatment response in schizophrenic patients.

Increased subcortical region volume induced by electroconvulsive therapy in patients with schizophrenia.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been widely used to treat patients with schizophrenia. However, the underlying mechanisms of ECT remain unknown. In the present study, the treatment effects of ECT on brain structure in patients with schizophrenia were explored.

Increased Global-Brain Functional Connectivity Is Associated with Dyslipidemia and Cognitive Impairment in First-Episode, Drug-Naive Patients with Bipolar Disorder.

Objectives: Previous researches have demonstrated that abnormal functional connectivity (FC) is associated with the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). However, inconsistent results were obtained due to different selections of regions of interest in previous researches. This study is aimed at examining voxel-wise brain-wide functional connectivity (FC) alterations in the first-episode, drug-naive patient with BD in an unbiased way.

Associations Between Internet Addiction and Gender, Anxiety, Coping Styles and Acceptance in University Freshmen in South China.

Internet addiction (IA) has become a global public health issue. Although previous studies revealed several risk factors related to IA, most of them focused on the western societies. The present study assesses the relationships between gender and other factors with IA in university freshmen in the South China.