Deep Convolutional Radiomic Features on Diffusion Tensor Images for Classification of Glioma Grades.

The grading of glioma has clinical significance in determining a treatment strategy and evaluating prognosis to investigate a novel set of radiomic features extracted from the fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) maps of brain diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) sequences for computer-aided grading of gliomas. This retrospective study included 108 patients who had pathologically confirmed brain gliomas and DTI scanned during 2012-2018. This cohort included 43 low-grade gliomas (LGGs; all grade II) and 65 high-grade gliomas (HGGs; grade III or IV).

Organic anion transporters and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway mediate the synergistic anticancer effect of pemetrexed and rhein.

The aim of this study was to explore whether rhein could enhance the effects of pemetrexed (PTX) on the therapy of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to clarify the associated molecular mechanism. Our study shows that rhein in combination with PTX could obviously increase the systemic exposure of PTX in rats, which would be mediated by the inhibition of organic anion transporters (OATs). Furthermore, the toxicity of PTX was significantly raised by rhein in A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.

Recurrent Cough and Expectoration for 10 Years: A Case Report.

. Most cases of cystic fibrosis occur in Europe, with only a few occurring in Asia. Pulmonary cystic fibrosis is not a rare disease, but in children it is a potentially life-threatening condition.

[A comparison of fine needle nonaspiration cytology versus fine needle aspiration for thyroid nodules: a Meta-analysis].

To evaluate the differences of smear quality and diagnostic accuracy between thyroid nodules and fine needle nonaspiration cytology (FNNAC) and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).Databases were used to search the literature on FNNAC and FNAC. All statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.

Functional importance of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway in oxygen-glucose-deprived (OGD) microglia and rats with cerebral ischemia.

We investigated the transforming growth factor-b1 (TGF-β1)/Smad3 signaling pathway in rats with cerebral ischemia and oxygen-glucose-deprived (OGD) microglia. Cerebral ischemia is a clinical condition that occurs when insufficient blood flows to the brain to maintain metabolic activity. TGF-β1 is a well-known functional peptide that regulates cell differentiation, migration, proliferation, and apoptosis.

Structural Covariance Network of Cortical Gyrification in Benign Childhood Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes.

Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is associated with cognitive and language problems. According to recent studies, disruptions in brain structure and function in children with BECTS are beyond a Rolandic focus, suggesting atypical cortical development. However, previous studies utilizing surface-based metrics (e.

Association of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Toll-Like Receptor 3-Mediated Immune Response with COPD Exacerbation Frequency.

The objective of the study is to explore the role of respiratory syncytial virus Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)-mediated immune response in the pathogenesis of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). A total of 20 AECOPD patients and 10 normal volunteers were studied. TLR3 was detected by RT-PCR, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was detected by nested RT-PCR.

Long non-coding RNA Gm4419 promotes trauma-induced astrocyte apoptosis by targeting tumor necrosis factor α.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a life-threatening disease. Accumulating evidences have showed that neuroinflammatory response is a critical biological event in the progression of TBI induced astrocyte damage. However, the exact mechanisms are not well understood.

[Retracted] Regulatory T cells exhibit neuroprotective effect in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury.

We would like to retract our article entitled 'Regulatory T cells exhibit neuroprotective effect in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury' published in Molecular Medicine Reports 14: 5556-5566, 2016. After careful consideration, we recognize that there was an undeclared conflict of interest on the part of certain of the authors. All the authors agree to this retraction.

NLRP3 is Required for Complement-Mediated Caspase-1 and IL-1beta Activation in ICH.

Complement-mediated inflammation plays a vital role in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), implicating pro-inflammatory factor interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) secretion. Brain samples and contralateral hemiencephalon were all collected and detected by Western blot. NLRP3 expression was located by dual immunofluorescence staining at 1, 3, and 5 days post-ICH.

Regulatory T cells exhibit neuroprotective effect in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health and socioeconomic problem as it is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been reported to reduce inflammatory response in several diseases, including myasthenia gravis, viral myocarditis and cerebral infarction. The present study investigated the role of Tregs in mediating neuro‑protective effects in a mouse model of TBI.

Curcumin Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor β Induced Differentiation of Mouse Lung Fibroblasts to Myofibroblasts.

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) induced differentiation of lung fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is a key event in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of curcumin on TGF-β induced differentiation of lung fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and explore the underlying mechanism. Mouse lung fibroblasts were cultured and treated with TGF-β2 and curcumin or rosiglitazone.

Choriocarcinoma with multiple lung, skull and skin metastases in a postmenopausal female: A case report.

Gestational trophoblastic disease with a primary extra-uterine nidus is rare, particularly during the postmenopausal period. The present report outlines a case of high-risk choriocarcinoma (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IV; World Health Organization score 13) in a 68-year-old female exhibiting neoplasm. The choriocarcinoma developed 20 years subsequent to the onset of menopause and 42 years following the patient's final pregnancy, and was associated with multiple metastases to the lungs, skull, neck, lymph nodes and skin.

Activation of the Notch signaling pathway promotes neurovascular repair after traumatic brain injury.

The Notch signaling pathway plays a key role in angiogenesis and endothelial cell formation, but it remains unclear whether it is involved in vascular repair by endothelial progenitor cells after traumatic brain injury. Therefore, in the present study, we controlled the Notch signaling pathway using overexpression and knockdown constructs. Activation of the Notch signaling pathway by Notch1 or Jagged1 overexpression enhanced the migration, invasiveness and angiogenic ability of endothelial progenitor cells.

An epidemic analysis of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Zunyi, China between 2012 and 2014.

Objectives: To re-evaluate the epidemiology of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in a non-vaccinated population in Zunyi, China.

Methods: We used laboratory-based data from the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China to assess the epidemiology of the HFMD caused by enteroviruses between January 2012 and November 2014. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine human enteroviruses from a total of 12313 probable cases enrolled in this retrospective study.

[Research on misdiagnosis of space occupying lesions in unilateral nasal sinus].

Objective: By nearly 3-year retrospective analysis of cases with space-occupying lesions in unilateral nasal sinus in Guizhou Province People's Hospital, clinical diagnostic and misdiagnosis of such lesions were explored to provide references for clinicians in diagnosis and treatment of such diseases.

Method: Combining related literatures in recent years, 213 patients with space-occupying lesions in unilateral nasal sinus were selected. The patients misdiagnosed were reviewed for its clinical manifestations, of patients had been misdiagnosed, imaging features and and pathology.

VEGF increases the proliferative capacity and eNOS/NO levels of endothelial progenitor cells through the calcineurin/NFAT signalling pathway.

We have investigated whether VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) regulates the proliferative capacity and eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase)/NO (nitric oxide) pathway of EPCs (endothelial progenitor cells) by activating CaN (calcineurin)/NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cells) signalling. EPCs were obtained from cultured mononuclear cells isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy adults. Treatment with VEGF (50 ng/ml) potently promoted CaN enzymatic activity, activation of NFAT2, cell proliferation, eNOS protein expression and NO production.