Psychometric Testing of the Filipino Version of the Clients' Perceptions of Providers' Cultural Competency Instrument Among LGBTQ+ Population in the Philippines.

Cultural competence is significant in addressing the health needs of vulnerable populations. This study conducted psychometric testing of a cultural competency instrument in the Philippines. Brislin's translation and a cross-sectional online design were used.

Surgery-induced downregulation of hippocampal sirtuin-1 contributes to cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting autophagy and activating apoptosis in aged mice.

Objectives: Elderly patients often suffer from cognitive dysfunction following surgery. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon still remain unclear. This study investigated the critical part of Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1)-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in surgery-induced cognitive impairment.

Kalirin-7 contributes to type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain via the postsynaptic density-95/N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B-dependent N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B phosphorylation in the spinal cord in rats.

Objective: Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) is one of the common complications in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients. However, molecular mechanisms in underlying diabetic neuropathic pain are still poorly understood. Kalirin-7, a multifunctional Rho GDP/GTP exchange factor, located at the excitatory synapses, was reported to modulate the neuronal cytoskeleton.

"COVID-19 and cervical artery dissection- A causative association?".

COVID-19 is a pandemic disease which predominantly affects the respiratory system, however it also causes multi-organ dysfunction in a subset of patients. There is a growing evidence that it increases the propensity of strokes in younger patients. Besides producing a prothrombotic state, arterial dissection could be one of its many manifestations, increasing the risks of stroke.

Caveolin-1 in spinal cord modulates type-2 diabetic neuropathic pain through the Rac1/NOX2/NR2B signaling pathway.

Objective: The present study determines whether Cav-1 modulates the initiation, development and maintenance of type-2 DNP the Rac1/NOX2-NR2B signaling pathway.

Methods: After regular feeding for three days, these rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group with normal-diet (maintenance feed) (=8); type-2 DM group (=8). In the type-2 DM group, the rats were fed with a high-fat and high-sugar diet, and received a single intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ) injection (35 mg/kg).

Differences between male and female rats in alcohol drinking, negative affects and neuronal activity after acute and prolonged abstinence.

Alcohol consumption afflicts men and women differently. However, the underlying neuronal mechanisms that contribute to the difference are mostly unexplored. Although more men suffer from alcohol use disorders (AUD), women more frequently accelerate to dependence and develop adverse consequences of alcoholism sooner than men.

Geophysical methods for monitoring soil stabilization processes.

Soil stabilization involves methods used to turn unconsolidated and unstable soil into a stiffer, consolidated medium that could support engineered structures, alter permeability, change subsurface flow, or immobilize contamination through mineral precipitation. Among the variety of available methods carbonate precipitation is a very promising one, especially when it is being induced through common soil borne microbes (MICP - microbial induced carbonate precipitation). Such microbial mediated precipitation has the added benefit of not harming the environment as other methods can be environmentally detrimental.

Transcriptional and Physiological Changes during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reactivation from Non-replicating Persistence.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis can persist for years in the hostile environment of the host in a non-replicating or slowly replicating state. While active disease predominantly results from reactivation of a latent infection, the molecular mechanisms of M. tuberculosis reactivation are still poorly understood.

The Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Cytokine Alarmins to Treat Allergic Airway Inflammation.

Asthma is a heterogeneous disorder that results in recurrent attacks of breathlessness, coughing, and wheezing that affects millions of people worldwide. Although the precise causes of asthma are unclear, studies suggest that a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental exposure to various allergens and pathogens contribute to its development. Currently, the most common treatment to control asthma is a dual combination of β2-adrenergic receptor agonists and corticosteroids.

Effects of Ncl. Basalis Meynert volume on the Trail-Making-Test are restricted to the left hemisphere.

Background: Cortical acetylcholine released from cells in the basal forebrain facilitates cue detection and improves attentional performance. Cholinergic fibres to the cortex originate from the CH4 cell group, sometimes referred to as the Nucleus basalis of Meynert and the Nucleus subputaminalis of Ayala. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of volumes of cholinergic nuclei on attention and executive function.

The personality trait of behavioral inhibition modulates perceptions of moral character and performance during the trust game: behavioral results and computational modeling.

Decisions based on trust are critical for human social interaction. We judge the trustworthiness of partners in social interactions based on a number of partner characteristics as well as experiences with those partners. These decisions are also influenced by personality.

Neurally dissociable cognitive components of reading deficits in subacute stroke.

According to cognitive models of reading, words are processed by interacting orthographic (spelling), phonological (sound), and semantic (meaning) information. Despite extensive study of the neural basis of reading in healthy participants, little group data exist on patients with reading deficits from focal brain damage pointing to critical neural systems for reading. Here, we report on one such study.

Resource use and efficiency, and stomatal responses to environmental drivers of oak and pine species in an Atlantic Coastal Plain forest.

Pine-oak ecosystems are globally distributed even though differences in anatomy and leaf habit between many co-occurring oaks and pines suggest different strategies for resource use, efficiency and stomatal behavior. The New Jersey Pinelands contain sandy soils with low water- and nutrient-holding capacity providing an opportunity to examine trade-offs in resource uptake and efficiency. Therefore, we compared resource use in terms of transpiration rates and leaf nitrogen content and resource-use efficiency including water-use efficiency (WUE) via gas exchange and leaf carbon isotopes and photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency (PNUE) between oaks (Quercus alba, Q.

Transfer and contact-induced variation in child Basque.

Young Basque-speaking children produce Differential Object Marking (DOM) and pre-verbal complementizers in their speech, variants argued to stem from contact with Spanish (Austin, 2006; Rodríguez-Ordóñez, 2013). In this paper, I claim that despite their contact-induced origin, these forms reflect distinct developmental tendencies on the part of the child acquiring Basque. Children's use of pre-verbal complementizers in Basque seems to be a relief strategy that bilingual children employ until they have acquired the post-verbal complementizers in Basque, which are low-frequency morphemes.

Plasticity in developing brain: active auditory exposure impacts prelinguistic acoustic mapping.

A major task across infancy is the creation and tuning of the acoustic maps that allow efficient native language processing. This process crucially depends on ongoing neural plasticity and keen sensitivity to environmental cues. Development of sensory mapping has been widely studied in animal models, demonstrating that cortical representations of the sensory environment are continuously modified by experience.

Influence of the tryptophan-indole-IFNγ axis on human genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection: role of vaginal co-infections.

The natural history of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections can vary widely; infections can spontaneously resolve but can also last from months to years, potentially progressing to cause significant pathology. The host and bacterial factors underlying this wide variation are not completely understood, but emphasize the bacterium's capacity to evade/adapt to the genital immune response, and/or exploit local environmental conditions to survive this immune response. IFNγ is considered to be a primary host protective cytokine against endocervical C.

Regulation of gap junction channels by infectious agents and inflammation in the CNS.

Gap junctions (GJs) are conglomerates of intercellular channels that connect the cytoplasm of two or more cells, and facilitate the transfer of ions and small molecules, including second messengers, resulting in metabolic and electrical coordination. In general, loss of gap junctional communication (GJC) has been associated with cellular damage and inflammation resulting in compromise of physiological functions. Recently, it has become evident that GJ channels also play a critical role in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases and associated inflammation.

Role of Pannexin-1 hemichannels and purinergic receptors in the pathogenesis of human diseases.

In the last decade several groups have determined the key role of hemichannels formed by pannexins or connexins, extracellular ATP and purinergic receptors in physiological and pathological conditions. Our work and the work of others, indicate that the opening of Pannexin-1 hemichannels and activation of purinergic receptors by extracellular ATP is essential for HIV infection, cellular migration, inflammation, atherosclerosis, stroke, and apoptosis. Thus, this review discusses the importance of purinergic receptors, Panx-1 hemichannels and extracellular ATP in the pathogenesis of several human diseases and their potential use to design novel therapeutic approaches.

In sync: gamma oscillations and emotional memory.

Emotional experiences leave vivid memories that can last a lifetime. The emotional facilitation of memory has been attributed to the engagement of diffusely projecting neuromodulatory systems that enhance the consolidation of synaptic plasticity in regions activated by the experience. This process requires the propagation of signals between brain regions, and for those signals to induce long-lasting synaptic plasticity.

Neural networks underlying contributions from semantics in reading aloud.

Reading is an essential part of contemporary society, yet much is still unknown about the physiological underpinnings of its information processing components. Two influential cognitive models of reading, the connectionist and dual-route cascaded models, offer very different accounts, yet evidence for one or the other remains equivocal. These models differ in several ways, including the role of semantics (word meaning) in mapping spelling to sound.

Distraction by emotion in early adolescence: affective facilitation and interference during the attentional blink.

This study examined the extent to which early adolescents (aged 10-13 years) differ from adults in their sensitivity to attention capture by affective stimuli during rapid processing. A rapid serial visual presentation paradigm (RSVP) was implemented as a dual task, requiring the report of two green target stimuli embedded in a stream of distractors. Known as the "attentional blink" (AB), task performance is typically impaired when the first and second targets (T1 and T2, respectively) are separated by at least one distractor and about 200 ms of time.