The Landscape of Neurosurgical Oncology Adjunct Usage in Africa: A Scoping Review.

Background: Intraoperative neurosurgical adjuncts improve extent of resection whilst mitigating patient morbidity. The delivery of neurosurgical care via these adjuncts is the norm in high-income countries, but there is yet to be a study highlighting the usage of neurosurgical oncology adjuncts in Africa. This paper aims to provide awareness of the use of these adjuncts in Africa, reasons for limited procurement, and possible solutions to the problem.

When the ward is the patient: Using the PRISM protocol to understand and reduce violence in an inpatient intellectual disability setting.

Background: Violence in inpatient settings is recognised as a worldwide issue, with inpatient intellectual disability services having higher rates than other mental health settings. Violence results in injury and illness, lack of confidence in the organisation and staff burnout. These combined effects have a negative impact on the ability of services to provide therapeutic environments.

Long-term outcomes of the recovery approach in a high-security mental health setting: a 20 year follow-up study.

Background: This study examined the outcomes of a descriptive, longitudinal cohort consisting of 241 patients initially examined in a population study at the high secure State Hospital for Scotland and Northern Ireland in 1992-93. A partial follow-up focusing on patients with schizophrenia was conducted in 2000-01, followed by a comprehensive 20 year follow-up that began in 2014.

Aims: To explore what happens to patients who required high secure care during a 20 year follow-up period.

The active ingredients of physical activity and / or dietary workplace-based interventions to achieve weight loss in overweight and obese healthcare staff: a systematic review.

This systematic review aims to synthesize the active ingredients, and identify a list of promising behaviour change techniques (BCTs), likely to be present within physical activity and / or dietary interventions in achieving weight loss in overweight and obese healthcare staff. Four electronic databases were searched in February 2021: PsychINFO, CINAHL, PubMed and MEDLINE (no start date-2021). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they: (1) described a quasi-experimental or cluster, cohort or randomised control trial; (2) implemented workplace-based physical activity and / or dietary interventions versus a less intensive intervention or usual care; (3) targeted predominantly (> 50% of participants) overweight or obese healthcare professionals; and (4) reported a weight loss related outcome and included data on that outcome at least 3 months after the intervention began.

Psoriasis and uveitis.

Purpose: Psoriasis, which is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disease of unknown etiology, not only affects the skin, but also is linked to many systemic conditions such as arthritis, cardiovascular disease, depression, and malignancy. Although many types of eye involvement are encountered in psoriasis patients, dry eye is the first among them. Uveitis is an entity that can be associated with psoriasis and can cause severe vision loss as a result of late diagnosis, inadequate and inappropriate treatment.

Long-Term Follow-Up Results of a Patient Undergoing Acute Retinal Necrosis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Purpose: To describe the follow-up and treatment approach of a patient with acute retinal necrosis. . A 44-year-old male patient, who had complaints of pain in the right eye and blurred vision, was referred to our clinic.

Examining the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the main outcome measure used in mentalization-based therapy skills training.

Background And Aims: Multiple national guidelines stress the importance for clinicians to possess good therapeutic skills for working with patients with significant relational difficulties (who may receive a diagnosis of personality disorder). Training clinicians in mentalization-based treatment skills (MBT-S) is one approach to address this. The main outcome measure used in MBT-S studies is the (KAMQ).

Decrease in gynecological cancer diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic: an Austrian perspective.

Background: On March 16, 2020, the federal government of Austria declared a nationwide lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the lockdown, screening examinations and routine checkups have been restricted to prevent the spread of the virus and to increase the hospitals' bed capacity across the country. This resulted in a severe decline of patient referrals to the hospitals.

The role of simple inflammatory blood parameters in idiopathic epiretinal membrane patients.

Aim: To evaluate the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in idiopathic epiretinal membrane (IERM) patients, and their relations with visual acuity.

Method: Fifty-seven IERM and 51 control patients were included. All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmological examination and complete blood count tests, and NLR and PLR values were calculated.

Ultra-widefield fundus fluorescein angiography findings in patients with ankylosing spondylitis experiencing uveitis.

Aim: To evaluate ultra-widefield fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) findings in cases of ankylosing spondylitis (AS)-associated uveitis.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five eyes of 23 AS patients followed up with a diagnosis of uveitis were included.

Results: Sixteen (69.

A "Necessary Evil": Staff Perspectives of Soft Restraint Kit Use in a High-Security Hospital.

Introduction: Forensic mental health nurses working at the forefront of services can intermittently face enduring and somewhat harrowing or stressful situations. Enclosed is an example of the use of mechanical restraints (Soft Restraint Kit) for a two month period. Staff experience of working under such circumstances is an under reported area.

Childhood adversity and psychosis in detained inpatients from medium to high secured units: Results from the Scottish census survey.

Background: There is limited data available regarding the most common forms of psychiatric illness, the occurrence of childhood adversity, and the link between childhood adversity and criminal and psychiatric outcomes amongst forensic inpatients.

Aims: Using census data for all Scottish forensic inpatients, we investigated the most common primary psychiatric diagnoses in forensic settings, the occurrence of childhood adversity amongst forensic inpatients, and whether childhood adversity experiences significantly predict a range of criminal and psychiatric outcomes.

Method: Data for the current study were drawn from 'The Scottish Forensic Network Inpatient Census' (N = 422).

A protocol in action: Recovery approach for patients within high secure care: A 20+ year follow-up.

Objectives: A person-centred approach to recovery is increasingly represented within mainstream mental health literature. Little examination of recovery among forensic mental health patients is evidenced. This study plans to address that insufficiency.

Risk factors for inpatient violence and self-harm in forensic psychiatry: the role of head injury, schizophrenia and substance misuse.

Objective: To investigate factors relevant to violence and self-harm in forensic psychiatric inpatients the cross-sectional association between four potential contributory factors; head injury, schizophrenia, drug and alcohol misuse, and self-harm or violence-related outcomes was examined.

Methodology: Data were extracted from an existing dataset of routinely collected data on all patients under the care of Scotland's Forensic Mental Health Managed Care Network, of whom (n = 432) met inclusion criteria. A Factorial MANOVA and Pearson's chi-square tests were conducted to assess the relationship between potential contributory factors and self-harm and violence.

Bilateral acute angle closure developing due to use of ipratropium bromide and salbutamol.

Acute angle closure can be seen as a side effect of some medications that can be used systemically. In this article, clinical characteristics of 54-year-old female patient who applied to our clinic with bilateral acute angle closure and has been received nebulized form of salbutamol and ipratropium bromide due to asthma for 4 days was evaluated. Right and left eye IOP were measured as 50 and 48 mmHg.

The feasibility and clinical benefits of improving facial affect recognition impairments in schizophrenia: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: People diagnosed with schizophrenia have significant difficulty accurately recognising emotions expressed by others. This may generate anomalous experiences which, if misinterpreted, could contribute to experiences of social defeat, psychotic symptoms and reduced social functioning. It remains unclear whether this impairment is responsive to non-pharmacological intervention, or what the effect of modifying it is.

Examining the effect of childhood trauma on psychological distress, risk of violence and engagement, in forensic mental health.

Previous research has found an association between childhood trauma and insecure attachment and psychological distress, risk of violence and engagement in therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between these factors in a forensic population. Sixty-four participants from three secure psychiatric hospitals completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ) and the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation - Outcome Measure (CORE-OM).

Developments and current approaches in the treatment of pterygium.

Purpose: To assess and compare the studies conducted in the literature with recurrence rates and the summary of the justified treatment approaches be presented.

Method: Pterygium, a fibrovascular tissue that proceeds from the bulbar conjunctiva towards the cornea, is quite a commonly seen ocular surface deterioration. The treatment is performed through a surgical excision, and the frequent recurrence of this disorder, despite the developments of today, is the major problem experienced in the wake of the surgery.

Long-term benefits of somatosensory training to improve balance of elderly with diabetes mellitus.

We evaluate the effects of somatosensory training on the mean amplitude of the center of pressure (COP) in the upright position and the sustained benefits after 6-month. Twelve elderly patients with type II diabetes (T2DM) participated in the study. Patients with T2DM were allocated to the somatosensory protocol, which consisted of a circuit composed of 13 stations with different textures.