Risk Factors for Ipsilateral Breast Tumor Recurrence in Triple-Negative or HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Patients Who Achieve a Pathologic Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Background: Attention has been focused on attempts to eliminate breast surgery for breast cancer patients who achieve a pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). However, there are few data on ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) among patients with triple-negative or epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) tumors who achieve a pathologic complete response after NAC and breast-conserving treatment.

Methods: Using a multi-institutional retrospective database, this study evaluated the risk factors for IBTR among patients with newly diagnosed stages 1 to 3 breast cancer involving triple-negative or HER2+ tumors who achieved ypT0 after NAC and breast-conserving treatment.

Low-dose l-isoproterenol versus salbutamol in hospitalized pediatric patients with severe acute exacerbation of asthma: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Although the guidelines in most countries do not recommend continuous inhalation of l-isoproterenol to treat pediatric patients with acute severe exacerbation of asthma, lower dose of l-isoproterenol has been widely used in Japan. To determine whether the efficacy of low-dose l-isoproterenol was superior to that of salbutamol, we conducted a double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Methods: Hospitalized patients aged 1-17 years were eligible if they had severe asthma exacerbation defined by the modified pulmonary index score (MPIS).

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Combined With Second-look Ultrasonography in Predicting Pathologic Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Primary Breast Cancer Patients.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasonography (US) alone is limited in the ability to predict the pathologic complete response (pCR) accurately after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The aim of the present study was to predict the pCR using MRI combined with second-look US in primary breast cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1274 consecutive primary breast cancer patients who were examined by MRI and second-look US before and after NAC and had undergone breast-conserving surgery from 2004 to 2014 were included.

Correction: Maternal age-specific risk for trisomy 21 based on the clinical performance of NIPT and empirically derived NIPT age-specific positive and negative predictive values in Japan.

Since the advance online publication of this article, the authors of the above paper have noticed errors in the list of authors and affiliations. The article with correct author information now appears in this issue.

Maternal age-specific risk for trisomy 21 based on the clinical performance of NIPT and empirically derived NIPT age-specific positive and negative predictive values in Japan.

The data collected by nation-wide study of noninvasive prenatal genetic testing (NIPT) for trisomy 21 from 21,610 pregnant women with advanced maternal age in Japan were reported. Among 188 NIPT-positive cases, 180 cases were true positive. The incidence of aneuploidy according to maternal age was estimated using a state-space model.

A novel neuropilin-1-binding sequence in the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein.

Entry of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) into host cells is mainly mediated by interactions between the viral envelope glycoprotein surface unit (SU) and three host receptors: glucose transporter type 1, heparin/heparan sulfate proteoglycan, and neuropilin-1 (Nrp1). Here, we analyzed the interaction between HTLV-1 SU and Nrp1 using nuclear magnetic resonance and isothermal titration calorimetry. We found that two SU peptides, residues 85-94 and residues 304-312, bound directly to the Nrp1 b1 domain with affinities of 7.

Reverse-phase protein array for prediction of patients at low risk of developing bone metastasis from breast cancer.

Background: A biomarker that predicts bone metastasis based on a protein laboratory assay has not been demonstrated. Reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) enables quantification of total and phosphorylated proteins, providing information about their functional status. The aim of this study was to identify bone-metastasis-related markers in patients with primary breast cancer using RPPA analysis.