Circadian clock component PER2 negatively regulates CD4 T cell IFN-γ production in ulcerative colitis.

Period circadian clock 2 (PER2) is involved in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, there are gaps in our understanding of the role of PER2 in regulating CD4 T cells beyond its time-keeping function in ulcerative colitis (UC) pathogenesis. Our findings revealed PER2 was predominantly expressed in CD4 T cells, while it was significantly decreased in the inflamed mucosa and peripheral blood CD4 T cells of UC patients compared with that in Crohn's disease (CD) patients and healthy controls (HC).

Sulfiredoxin-1 promotes the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting TFEB-mediated autophagy and lysosome biogenesis.

Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients have poor prognosis. As an endogenous antioxidant enzyme involved in a variety of bioprocesses, sulfiredoxin-1 (SRXN1) plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the development of tumors. However, the role and working mechanism of SRXN1 in HCC remain unclear.

Sympathetic innervation induces exosomal miR-125 transfer from osteoarthritic chondrocytes, disrupting subchondral bone homeostasis and aggravating cartilage damage in aging mice.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive disease that poses a significant threat to human health, particularly in aging individuals: Although sympathetic activation has been implicated in bone metabolism, its role in the development of OA related to aging remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how sympathetic regulation impacts aging-related OA through experiments conducted both in vivo and in vitro.

Methods: To analyze the effect of sympathetic regulation on aging-related OA, we conducted experiments using various mouse models.

Microbiome dysbiosis by antibiotics protects cartilage degradation in OAOP mice.

The role of this study was to evaluate the impact of gut microbiota depletion on the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP). We conducted an experimental mouse model of OA and OP over an 8-week period. The model involved destabilization of the medial meniscus and bilateral ovariectomy (OVX).

Identification of Targets for Subsequent Treatment of Crohn's Disease Patients After Failure of Anti-TNF Therapy.

Background: Anti-TNF medications are the first-line treatment for Crohn's Disease (CD), despite the fact that a significant portion of the population continues to be ineffectively treated. This research aims to discover accurate intervention targets for the follow-up of anti-TNF non-responders using bioinformatics technology.

Methods: GSE16879, GSE111761, and GSE52746 retrieved from the GEO database.

Identification of kukoamine a as an anti-osteoporosis drug target using network pharmacology and experiment verification.

Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is a major and growing public health problem characterized by decreased bone mineral density and destroyed bone microarchitecture. Previous studies found that Lycium Chinense Mill (LC) has a potent role in inhibiting bone loss. Kukoamine A (KuA), a bioactive compound extract from LC was responsible for the anti-osteoporosis effect.

The gut microbiota metabolite capsiate regulate SLC2A1 expression by targeting HIF-1α to inhibit knee osteoarthritis-induced ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death that has been found to aggravate the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) and gut microbiota- OA axis refers to the bidirectional information network between the gut microbiota and OA, which may provide a new way to protect the OA. However, the role of gut microbiota-derived metabolites in ferroptosis-relative osteoarthritis remains unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze the protective effect of gut microbiota and its metabolite capsiate (CAT) on ferroptosis-relative osteoarthritis in vivo and in vitro experiments.

The role of vitamin D on rotator cuff tear with osteoporosis.

Backgrounds: Osteoporosis (OP) is an important risk factor for rotator cuff tears (RCTs). However, the relationship and mechanism between rotator cuff injury and osteoporosis are unclear. Therefore, to investigate association between rotator cuff injury and osteoporosis, and find clinical characteristics, bone mineral density, bone metabolism markers, and nutrient levels in rotator cuff injury patients with or without osteoporosis.

The role of TGR5 as an onco-immunological biomarker in tumor staging and prognosis by encompassing the tumor microenvironment.

The relationship between G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (TGR5, GPBAR1) and, specifically, cancer has been studied in and experiments, but there is still a lack of pan-cancer analysis to understand the prognostic significance and functioning mechanism of TGR5 in different cancer-driving oncogenic processes. Here, we used Gene Expression Integration, Human Protein Atlas, and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to perform a pan-cancer analysis of the role of TGR5 in all 33 tumors. In all TCGA tumors, the TGR5 gene expression has been assessed, and we found that the high TGR5 gene expression in most cancers is associated with poor prognosis of overall survival for cancers such as glioblastoma multiforme (p = 0.

CECT 7894 Improves the Efficacy of Infliximab for DSS-Induced Colitis Regulating the Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism.

Recent evidence suggests that the changes in gut microbiota and its metabolites could predict the clinical response of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents, such as infliximab (IFX). However, whether manipulation of the gut microbiota can enhance the efficacy of anti-TNF agents remains unclear. Here, we aim to evaluate the effect of a probiotic strain, () CECT 7894, on IFX efficacy for dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice and attempt to explore the potential involved mechanisms.

Label-Free Delineation of Human Uveal Melanoma Infiltration With Pump-Probe Microscopy.

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most frequent primary intraocular malignancy in adults, characterized by melanin depositions in melanocytes located in the uveal tract in the eyes. Differentiation of melanin species (eumelanin and pheomelanin) is crucial in the diagnosis and management of UM, yet it remains inaccessible for conventional histology. Here, we report that femtosecond time-resolved pump-probe microscopy could provide label-free and chemical-specific detection of melanin species in human UM based on their distinct transient relaxation dynamics at the subpicosecond timescale.

Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine Mediates the Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy.

Backgrounds: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most severe microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has been found to play an important role in many diseases, but its role and mechanism in DR remain unknown.

Methods: We studied the role of SPARC and integrin β1 in vascular pathophysiology and identified potential therapeutic translation.

The Role of Depletion of Gut Microbiota in Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review.

Osteoporosis and osteoarthritis are common diseases in an aging society, are considered metabolic diseases, and affect the quality of life of older adults. In addition, the gut microbiome is considered an additional organ to regulate bone metabolism. In the past decade, people have been studying the relationship between gut microbiota and bone metabolism.

miR-31-5p- axis as a novel biomarker for predicting the development and prognosis of sporadic early-onset colorectal cancer.

The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing in young adults, but knowledge regarding the molecular features of sporadic early-onset colorectal cancer (SEOCRC) is limited. The objective of the present study was to investigate potential key tumorigenesis-associated genes and their regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) in SEOCRC. Using miRNA and mRNA expression screening of SEOCRC and sporadic late-onset colorectal cancer (SLOCRC) by next generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics, the SEOCRC-associated miRNAome and transcriptome were analyzed.

Identification of Ferroptosis-Related Genes as Biomarkers for Sarcoma.

Sarcomas are seen as mixed-up nature with genetic and transcriptional heterogeneity and poor prognosis. Although the genes involved in ferroptosis are still unclear, iron loss is considered to be the core of glioblastoma, tumor progression, and tumor microenvironment. Here, we developed and tested the prognosis of SARC, which is a genetic marker associated with iron residues.

The effect of whole-body vibration in osteopenic patients after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an important treatment for knee osteoarthritis, but the result of whole-body vibration (WBV) in knee function rehabilitation and bone loss with osteopenia was unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to study whether low-frequency, low-amplitude WBV can improve the clinical outcome of knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: This study was randomized and included 67 osteopenic patients (55-90 years, 85% women) for TKA surgery (control group N = 32, WBV group N = 35).

The effects of metformin and alendronate in attenuating bone loss and improving glucose metabolism in diabetes mellitus mice.

Background: To explore the anti-osteoporosis and anti-diabetes effects and potential underlying mechanisms of treatment with metformin and alendronate in diabetes mellitus mice.

Methods: Eight-week-old C57 BL/KS db/db and db/+ female mice were evaluated according to the following treatment group for 12 weeks: control group, diabetes mellitus group, diabetes mellitus with metformin group, diabetes mellitus with Alendronate group, diabetes mellitus with metformin plus alendronate group. Glucose level, glucose tolerance test, bone mineral density, bone microarchitecture, bone histomorphometry, serum biomarkers, and qPCR analysis.

Serum LAG-3 Predicts Outcome and Treatment Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients With Transarterial Chemoembolization.

Background: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) stands for the most commonly utilized therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. This study was to explore the potential predictive and prognostic roles of LAG-3 and PD-L1 as serum biomarkers in HCC patients underwent TACE treatment.

Methods: A total of 100 HCC patients receiving TACE as well as 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.

Modified minimally invasive technique for decompression and reduction of thoracolumbar burst fracture with neurological symptoms: Technical Note.

Purpose: There are few reports about minimally invasive decompression and fixation for patients with thoracolumbar fracture and neurological symptoms. The previously reported method requires complete laminectomy, and removal of the medial part of the pedicle to expose the spinal canal for reduction. Thus, some approach-related damage to the bony structure and soft tissue still occurs.

Twist1 contributes to developing and sustaining corticosteroid resistance in ulcerative colitis.

Corticosteroid resistance (CR) is a serious drawback to steroid therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC); the underlying mechanism is incompletely understood. Twist1 protein (TW1) is an apoptosis inhibitor and has immune regulatory functions. This study aims to elucidate the roles of TW1 in inducing and sustaining the CR status in UC.

Reversal of alopecia areata, osteoporosis follow treatment with activation of Tgr5 in mice.

Background: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune hair loss disease with infiltration of pro-inflammatory cells into hair follicles. The role of Tgr5 in dermatitis has attracted considerable attention. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Tgr5 in the development of Alopecia areata.

Critical roles of bile acids in regulating intestinal mucosal immune responses.

Bile acids are a class of cholesterol derivatives that have been known for a long time for their critical roles in facilitating the digestion and absorption of lipid from the daily diet. The transformation of primary bile acids produced by the liver to secondary bile acids appears under the action of microbiota in the intestine, greatly expanding the molecular diversity of the intestinal environment. With the discovery of several new receptors of bile acids and signaling pathways, bile acids are considered as a family of important metabolites that play pleiotropic roles in regulating many aspects of human overall health, especially in the maintenance of the microbiota homeostasis and the balance of the mucosal immune system in the intestine.