Chronobiological and neuroendocrine insights into dry eye.

Dry eye, a prevalent ocular surface disease, is significantly influenced by modern lifestyle factors such as night-shift work and extended screen time. Emerging evidence suggests a strong correlation between disturbances in circadian rhythm, sleep disorders, and dry eye. However, the precise underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

The crosstalk between alternative splicing and circular RNA in cancer: pathogenic insights and therapeutic implications.

RNA splicing is a fundamental step of gene expression. While constitutive splicing removes introns and joins exons unbiasedly, alternative splicing (AS) selectively determines the assembly of exons and introns to generate RNA variants corresponding to the same transcript. The biogenesis of circular RNAs (circRNAs) is inextricably associated with AS.

PRDM16 suppresses ferroptosis to protect against sepsis-associated acute kidney injury by targeting the NRF2/GPX4 axis.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) constitutes a significant public health issue. Sepsis accounts for over 50 % of AKI cases in the ICU. Recent findings from our research indicated that the PRD1-BF1-RIZ1 homeodomain protein 16 (PRDM16) inhibited the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

Digital literacy as a catalyst for academic confidence: exploring the interplay between academic self-efficacy and academic procrastination among medical students.

Background: Digital literacy influences academic behaviors, especially in medical education, where students encounter considerable academic challenges. However, the effects of this phenomenon on academic self-efficacy and procrastination remain inadequately understood.

Objectives: This research explores the relationships between digital literacy and academic self-efficacy, emphasizing the mediating role of academic procrastination and its various dimensions among medical students.

Comprehensive assessment of cellular senescence in intestinal immunity and biologic therapy response in ulcerative colitis.

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disorder characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation and immune dysregulation. Despite a clear association between cellular senescence and chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation, the mechanisms underlying cellular senescence in UC remain unclear. We screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with cellular senescence in multiple UC datasets, performed immune infiltration analysis, and constructed clinical diagnostic models.

The association between eye movement characteristics and cognitive function in adolescents with major depressive disorder.

Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between eye movement characteristics and cognitive function in adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Method: EyeLink 1000 eye tracker was used to obtain eye movement data in free-viewing and smooth pursuit tasks. Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney test were used for inter-group comparison of demographic and clinical data.

Multifunctional acyltransferase HBO1: a key regulatory factor for cellular functions.

HBO1, also known as KAT7 or MYST2, is a crucial histone acetyltransferase with diverse cellular functions. It typically forms complexes with protein subunits or cofactors such as MEAF6, ING4, or ING5, and JADE1/2/3 or BRPF1/2/3, where the BRPF or JADE proteins serve as the scaffold targeting histone H3 or H4, respectively. The histone acetylation mediated by HBO1 plays significant roles in DNA replication and gene expression regulation.

HO-1-mediated ferroptosis regulates retinal neovascularization via the COX2/VEGFA axis.

Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a key pathological process in many blinding disorders. This study aims to investigate the potential mechanisms of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) on ferroptosis during RNV. Through bioinformatics analysis, differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes were identified in the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model.

Leveraging digital skills to reduce cognitive strain: Implications for academic self-efficacy in medical education.

Background: Digital literacy influences academic behaviors, especially in medical education, where students encounter considerable academic challenges. However, the effects of this phenomenon on academic self-efficacy and cognitive load remain inadequately understood.

Objectives: This research explores the relationships between digital literacy and academic self-efficacy, emphasizing the mediating role of cognitive load and its various dimensions among medical students in Islamabad, Pakistan.

Combined Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) Predicts Recurrence and Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Following Liver Resection.

Background: Bone mineral density (BMD) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were recently identified as novel risk factors for patients with several malignancies. The objective of this study was to validate the role of preoperative BMD/MLR as a potential prognostic biomarker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing liver resection.

Methods: This investigation enrolled 442 adult patients diagnosed with HCC who underwent liver resection.

Repairing alveolar bone defect using demineralized dentin grafts: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: The alveolar bone defect often was hardly healed naturally by the body's repair mechanism. Implant placement was the most favored option for replacing a missing tooth in the current times, and the preservation of alveolar bone was vital. Tooth components, especially dentin, were very similar to alveolar bone components and could be used for promoting the alveolar bone regeneration process in reconstructive dentistry.

Prognostic and immune correlation of IDO1 promoter methylation in breast cancer.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) plays an important role in the initiation and progression of breast cancer. DNA promoter methylation status has the potential to be used as a biomarker for predicting the response to immunotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the biological and clinical significance of IDO1 promoter methylation in breast cancer.

Dimdazenil for the treatment of insomnia: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Background: Insomnia is a common sleep disorder affecting approximately 10-20% of adults worldwide. Despite various available treatment modalities, significant gaps remain in improving sleep maintenance and reducing functional impairments.

Objective: To systematically review and synthesize studies on the efficacy and safety of Dimdazenil for the treatment of insomnia.

Efficacy and Safety of Automated Insulin Delivery Systems in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems studies are upsurging, half of which were published in the last 5 years. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of AID systems in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.

Predicting lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma with Hashimoto's thyroiditis using regression and network analysis.

The comprehensive study of the relationship between lymph node metastasis (LNM) and its associated factors in patients with concurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) remains insufficient. Building upon the initial investigation of factors associated with LNM in patients with concurrent PTC and HT, we further analyzed the complex relationships between different severity indicators of LNM and these associated factors. This study included patients confirmed PTC with HT who underwent total thyroidectomy at Xiangya Hospital, from January 2020 to December 2021.

[Safety profile of tenofovir amibufenamide therapy extension or switching in patients with chronic hepatitis B: a phase Ⅲ multicenter, randomized controlled trial].

In chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with previous 96-week treatment with tenofovir amibufenamide (TMF) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), we investigated the safety profile of sequential TMF treatment from 96 to 144 weeks. Enrolled subjects that previously assigned (2:1) to receive either 25 mg TMF or 300 mg TDF with matching placebo for 96 weeks received extending or switching TMF treatment for 48 weeks. Safety profiles of kidney, bone, metabolism, body weight, and others were evaluated.

[Efficacy evaluation of extending or switching to tenofovir amibufenamide in patients with chronic hepatitis B: a phase Ⅲ randomized controlled study].

In chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with previous 96-week treatment with tenofovir amibufenamide (TMF) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), we investigated the efficacy of sequential TMF treatment from 96 to 144 weeks. Enrolled subjects who were previously assigned (2:1) to receive either 25 mg TMF or 300 mg TDF with matching placebo for 96 weeks received extended or switched TMF treatment for 48 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated based on virological, serological, biological parameters, and fibrosis staging.

The application of artificial intelligence in diabetic retinopathy: progress and prospects.

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI), especially deep learning models, has increasingly been integrated into diagnosing and treating diabetic retinopathy (DR). From delving into the singular realm of ocular fundus photography to the gradual development of proteomics and other molecular approaches, from machine learning (ML) to deep learning (DL), the journey has seen a transition from a binary diagnosis of "presence or absence" to the capability of discerning the progression and severity of DR based on images from various stages of the disease course. Since the FDA approval of IDx-DR in 2018, a plethora of AI models has mushroomed, gradually gaining recognition through a myriad of clinical trials and validations.

Molecular characterization of PANoptosis-related genes associated with immune infiltration and prognosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic pulmonary disease with unknown pathogenesis and poor prognosis. PANoptosis, a newly identified form of inflammatory programmed cell death, has been implicated in various inflammatory lung diseases. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed PANoptosis-related genes (PRDEGs) associated with immune infiltration and prognosis in IPF, while also establishing a novel prognostic prediction model.

Unravelling T-cell dynamics and immune responses in initial and recurrent uveitis.

This study aimed to identify novel serological targets and investigate immune responses in patients with non-infectious uveitis, focusing on differences between initial onset and recurrent episodes. Differential gene expression analysis, immunocyte typing and T-cell receptor (TCR) gene analysis were conducted on RNA-sequenced peripheral blood samples from healthy individuals (n = 6) and non-infectious uveitis patients (n = 12), divided into 6 patients each at initial onset and recurrent stages. Peripheral blood T-cell types were analysed using flow cytometry.