Elevated HMGB1 and sRAGE levels in cerebrospinal fluid of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.

Background: Neuroinflammation after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) leads to poor outcome of patients. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) contributes to inflammation through binding to receptors for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) in various diseases. We aimed to determine the production of these two factors after aSAH and their relationship with clinical features.

Aerobic Glycolysis Induced by mTOR/HIF-1α Promotes Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage via Activating M1 Microglia.

M1 microglial activation is crucial for the pathogenesis of early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and there is growing evidence that glucose metabolism is frequently involved in microglial activation. However, the molecular mechanism of glycolysis and its role in M1 microglial activation in the context of EBI are not yet fully understood. In this study, firstly, the relationship between aerobic glycolysis and M1 microglial activation as well as SAH-induced EBI was researched in vivo.

Immunoproteasome subunit PSMB8 regulates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation upon manganese exposure by PERK signaling.

Excessive manganese (Mn) exposure gives rise to various neurological disorders, including motor dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of Mn neurotoxicity. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully clarified.

Role of TREM-1 in the development of early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) was found to be induced in the context of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) before. This study further investigates its role in the development of SAH-induced early brain injury (EBI). Firstly, rats were randomly divided into Sham and SAH groups for analysis of temporal patterns and cellular localization of TREM-1.

[Advances in the study of abnormal expression of genes related to primary biliary cholangitis].

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic, non-suppurative, autoimmune cholestatic group of liver disorder, which more frequently affects middle-aged women and eventually leads to liver failure. Its pathogenesis is not completely clear, yet the study has confirmed that the occurrence and development of PBC is closely associated to the individual's genetic background, with obvious genetic heterogeneity. Currently, PBC has been divided into five types based on their related genes dissimilarities, aside from PBC-1, which is an autosomal dominant inheritance, while the other four types of inheritance are unidentified.

Altered white matter microstructure in patients with post-stroke depression detected by diffusion kurtosis imaging.

The aim of our study is to determine the pathological changes of white matter microstructure in patients with early post-stroke depression (PSD), and to investigate the association between white matter integrity examined by diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and early PSD. Thirty-eight patients with acute cerebral infarction were selected, including 17 patients with depression (PSD group), and 21 patients without depression (N-PSD group). In addition, 20 normal healthy controls (NORM group) were selected.

Inhibition of TREM-1 attenuates early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage via downregulation of p38MAPK/MMP-9 and preservation of ZO-1.

Early brain injury (EBI) mainly leads to the poor outcome of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), with which inflammation is closely associated. It was reported that triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1), a critical inflammatory amplifier, increased in cerebrospinal fluid of SAH patients in our recent research. This study was conducted to examine the effects of TREM-1 inhibition on EBI after experimental SAH (eSAH).

Using the Kulldorff's scan statistical analysis to detect spatio-temporal clusters of tuberculosis in Qinghai Province, China, 2009-2016.

Background: Although the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in most parts of China are well under control now, in less developed areas such as Qinghai, TB still remains a major public health problem. This study aims to reveal the spatio-temporal patterns of TB in the Qinghai province, which could be helpful in the planning and implementing key preventative measures.

Methods: We extracted data of reported TB cases in the Qinghai province from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP) during January 2009 to December 2016.

Early elevated levels of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.

Early brain injury (EBI) contributes to poor prognosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study aimed to clarify whether triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) was implicated in the inflammatory mechanisms of EBI. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of soluble TREM-1 (sTREM-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as well as plasma levels of white blood cells (WBC) count and C-reactive protein in 17 SAH patients at early stage (within the EBI period) and 9 volunteers were observed.

Increased levels of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in cerebrospinal fluid of subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) has been highlighted as a key amplifier of inflammatory response in various diseases. To determine the contribution of TREM-1 in the inflammatory cascade after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), concentrations of soluble TREM-1 (sTREM-1) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 30 SAH patients and 9 healthy volunteers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. It was shown that the CSF sTREM-1 levels of SAH patients increased significantly than that of the volunteers (P<0.

[Gene expression of bone mesenehymal stem cells transduced by the lentiviral vector of SOX9 gene knockdown].

Objective: To construct one lentiviral vector containing mouse SRY-related silencing group--box gene 9 (SOX9) and to transfect murine bone mesenehymal stem cells (mBMSCs) in vitro and observe the expression of target gene.

Methods: RNA inteference target sequence was designed in connectin with mice SOX9 gene sequence. The double strands DNAoligo containing interference sequence were synthesized and cloned into lentivirus vector.

[Role of NKG2D-Expressing NK Cells and sMICA in Immune Surveillance of Advanced Lung Cancer.].

Background: NKG2D-expressing NK cells and soluble major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (sMICA) is one of aroused general interests in tumor research area recently. The aim of the study is to investigate the levels of NKG2D-expressing NK cells and sMICA in peripheral blood of advanced lung cancer which are remarkably related to clinical significance and analyse the role of NKG2D-expressing NK cells and sMICA in immune surveillance.

Methods: Flow cytometry was used to determine the percentage of NKG2D-expressing NK cells, T cell subsets, NK cells, and ELISA was used to mesure the levels of sMICA in peripheral blood of 115 advanced lung cancer patients and 50 healthy controls.