Sry-related high-mobility-group/HMG box 10 (SOX10) as a sensitive marker for triple-negative breast cancer.

Aims: Confirmation of a breast origin for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is sometimes problematic. The traditional breast markers GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3), mammaglobin (MGB) and gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 (GCDFP15) have shown limitations in identifying TNBC. Here, we aimed to examine the diagnostic potential of the newly proposed TNBC marker, Sry-related high-mobility-group/HMG box 10 (SOX10).

Improved Prognostication for the Updated AJCC Breast Cancer Pathological Prognostic Staging Varied in Higher-Stage Groups.

Background: In addition to TNM-based anatomical staging (AS), a novel pathological prognostic staging (PPS) has been proposed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). PPS demonstrated better prognostication, but its superiority in breast cancer subtypes and related to staging discrepancies between AS and PPS are not clear.

Methods: A cohort of 1729 patients with breast cancer was staged into AS and PPS according to the latest AJCC staging.

AQP1 suppression by ATF4 triggers trabecular meshwork tissue remodelling in ET-1-induced POAG.

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Increased endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been observed in aqueous humour (AH) of POAG patients, resulting in an increase in the out-flow resistance of the AH. However, the underlining mechanisms remain elusive.

A Novel Mutation in the Gene is Associated with Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy in a Southern Chinese Family.

To report a clinical and genetic investigation of a southern Chinese family with X-linked recessive exudative vitreoretinopathy and vitreous hemorrhage. We collected clinical data from a proband and his family. Complete ophthalmic examinations were carried out on the proband.

Diagnostic Efficacy and Therapeutic Decision-making Capacity of an Artificial Intelligence Platform for Childhood Cataracts in Eye Clinics: A Multicentre Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: CC-Cruiser is an artificial intelligence (AI) platform developed for diagnosing childhood cataracts and providing risk stratification and treatment recommendations. The high accuracy of CC-Cruiser was previously validated using specific datasets. The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic efficacy and treatment decision-making capacity between CC-Cruiser and ophthalmologists in real-world clinical settings.

Predicting Outcome in Mammary Phyllodes Tumors: Relevance of Clinicopathological Features.

Background: Phyllodes tumors (PTs) of the breast are uncommon fibroepithelial neoplasms. Most behave in a benign fashion but they also have the potential to recur locally or to metastasize.

Methods: In the current study involving 290 PTs (181 benign, 76 borderline, and 33 malignant) from three hospitals over an 11-year period, we assessed the relationship between histologic parameters (including histologic features affecting grade and surgical margin status), postoperative adjuvant treatment, and local recurrences and distant metastases.

Trans-vaccenic acid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via a mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway.

Background: Intake of trans fatty acids (TFAs) from partially hydrogenated vegetable oil is associated with a variety of adverse outcomes, but little is known about the health effects of ruminant trans fats. Trans-vaccenic acid (TVA) is a naturally occurring TFA found in the fat of ruminants and in human dairy products. The present study was conducted to investigate the anticancer activity and underlying mechanisms of TVA on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) 5-8F and CNE-2 cells.

Mitochondrial targeting of TR3 is involved in TPA induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells.

TPA is considered to be a tumor promoting molecule that induces the expression of COX-2 protein. However, it is contradictory to find that TPA can induce tumor cell apoptosis and exert antitumor activity. Therefore, the role of TPA in tumorigenesis and development has not yet been elucidated.

Tuberculous peritonitis diagnosed using laparoscopy with assistance of a central venous catheter.

Laparoscopy with peritoneal biopsy is a tool for rapid and accurate diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis (TBP). However, laparoscopic procedures are not risk-free; complications include injuries to the gastrointestinal tract and major blood vessels. The purpose of the present study was to introduce a novel method for safe and straightforward laparoscopic diagnosis of TBP.

The Development of Epigenetics and Related Inhibitors for Targeted Drug Design in Cancer Therapy.

Epigenetics process is the heritable change in gene function that does not involve changes in the DNA sequence. Until now, several types of epigenetic mechanisms have been characterized, including DNA methylation, histone modification (acetylation, methylation, etc.), nucleosome remodeling, and noncoding RNAs.

A response prediction model for taxane, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy in hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. The five-year survival rate of HNSCC has not improved even with major technological advancements in surgery and chemotherapy. Currently, docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluoruracil (TPF) treatment has been the most popular chemotherapy method for HNSCC; but only a small percentage of HNSCC patients exhibit a good response to TPF treatment.

Development and Evaluation of Diagnostic Criteria for Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease.

Importance: To our knowledge, a set of well-defined diagnostic criteria is not yet developed for the diagnosis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease.

Objective: To develop and evaluate a set of diagnostic criteria for VKH disease using data from Chinese patients.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This case-control study reviewed medical records of patients from a tertiary referral center between October 2011 and October 2016.

The intra-neuroendoscopic technique: A new method for rapid removal of acute severe intraventricular hematoma.

The mortality rate of acute severe intraventricular hematoma is extremely high, and the rate of disability in survivors is high. Intraventricular hematoma has always been a difficult problem for clinical treatment. Although minimally invasive endoscopic hematoma evacuation is widely used to treat this disease, the technique still has room for improvement.

A new modified neuroendoscope technology to remove severe intraventricular haematoma.

Background: Minimally invasive endoscopic haematoma evacuation is widely used in the treatment of intraventricular haemorrhage. However, its technique still has room for improvement. A new modified neuroendoscope technology (MNT) was used in this study and we explored its safety and efficacy in the treatment of severe acute intraventricular haemorrhage by comparing it with extraventricular drainage plus urokinase thrombolytic (EVD + UT) therapy.

A Domain-Specific Terminology for Retinopathy of Prematurity and Its Applications in Clinical Settings.

A terminology (or coding system) is a formal set of controlled vocabulary in a specific domain. With a well-defined terminology, each concept in the target domain is assigned with a unique code, which can be identified and processed across different medical systems in an unambiguous way. Though there are lots of well-known biomedical terminologies, there is currently no domain-specific terminology for ROP (retinopathy of prematurity).

Budd-Chiari syndrome in China: A 30-year retrospective study on survival from a single center.

Aim: To investigate 30-year treatment outcomes associated with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) at a tertiary hospital in China.

Methods: A total of 256 patients diagnosed with primary BCS at our tertiary hospital between November 1983 and September 2013 were followed and retrospectively studied. Cumulative survival rates and cumulative mortality rates of major causes were calculated by Kaplan-Meier analysis, and the independent predictors of survival were identified using a Cox regression model.

Axial Length/Corneal Radius of Curvature Ratio Assessment of Posterior Sclera Reinforcement for Pathologic Myopia.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the axial length/corneal radius of curvature ratio changes after posterior scleral reinforcement (PSR) for pathologic myopia.

Procedures: This study enrolled 32 pathologically myopic eyes treated with PSR and 35 untreated pathologically myopic eyes. Axial length, refractive error, best corrected visual acuity, corneal radius of curvature, and the axial length/corneal radius of curvature ratio were evaluated during the 1-year follow-up.

Computer-Aided Clinical Trial Recruitment Based on Domain-Specific Language Translation: A Case Study of Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Reusing the data from healthcare information systems can effectively facilitate clinical trials (CTs). How to select candidate patients eligible for CT recruitment criteria is a central task. Related work either depends on DBA (database administrator) to convert the recruitment criteria to native SQL queries or involves the data mapping between a standard ontology/information model and individual data source schema.

The epigenetic modifier PBRM1 restricts the basal activity of the innate immune system by repressing retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptor signalling and is a potential prognostic biomarker for colon cancer.

It has long been known that patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). The innate immune system of host cells provides a first-line defence against pathogenic infection, whereas an uncontrolled inflammatory response under homeostatic conditions usually leads to pathological consequences, as exemplified by the chronic inflammation of IBD. The key molecules and pathways keeping innate immunity in check are still poorly defined.

Overexpression of a novel candidate oncogene KIF14 correlates with tumor progression and poor prognosis in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of death from cancer in men. The mechanism underlying tumorigenesis and development of PCa is largely unknown. Here, we identified Kinesin family member 14 (KIF14) as a novel candidate oncogene in PCa.

OSR1 is a novel epigenetic silenced tumor suppressor regulating invasion and proliferation in renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most malignant tumors in human. Here, we found that odd-skipped related transcription factor 1 (OSR1) was downregulated in 769-P and 786-O cells due to promoter CpG methylation. OSR1 expression could be restored by pharmacological demethylation treatment in silenced cell lines.

HOTAIR, a long non-coding RNA driver of malignancy whose expression is activated by FOXC1, negatively regulates miRNA-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Evidence is rapidly accumulating that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in human tumorigenesis and are dysregulated in multiple cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). lncRNAs can regulate essential pathways that contribute to tumor initiation and progression with tissue specificity, which suggests that lncRNAs may be valuable biomarkers and therapeutic targets. HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) has previously been demonstrated to be an oncogene and a negative prognostic factor in a variety of cancers; however, the factors that contribute to the upregulation of HOTAIR and the interaction between HOTAIR and microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are largely unknown.

COMPARISON OF INTRAVITREAL INJECTION OF RANIBIZUMAB VERSUS LASER THERAPY FOR ZONE II TREATMENT-REQUIRING RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (IVR) monotherapy and laser therapy for treatment-requiring retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Zone II.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled single-center trial was applied from January 2014 to December 2014; infants who were diagnosed as Zone II treatment-requiring ROP (i.e.