Pinocembrin reduces pyroptosis to improve flap survival by modulating the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Background: Pinocembrin has been widely utilized in clinical settings as a topical treatment for detoxification, inflammation reduction, and healing dermal conditions such as cracked skin and burns.

Methods: In this study, pinocembrin was administered to hypoxia-reoxygenation model in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and 36 rats for 7 days using the McFarlane flap model. Neovascularization was then assessed using Doppler and lead oxide gelatin angiography.

Endoscopic-Assisted Pterygomandibular Approach for Parapharyngeal Tumor Resection: A Case Series.

Background: The endoscope-assisted pterygomandibular ligament approach for the resection of parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumors has been reported in a limited number of cases, with insufficiently detailed procedural descriptions.

Purpose: The study purpose was to report clinically relevant outcomes among patients who underwent endoscopy-assisted pterygomandibular ligament resection for PPS tumors.

Study Design, Setting, And Sample: This study was a retrospective case series analyzing patients treated between January 2018 and July 2021 at the Department of Otolaryngology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.

SGK1-HDAC4-HMGB1 signaling pathway in the spinal cord dorsal horn participates in diabetic neuropathic pain.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether serum-and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase1 (SGK1) activation-dependent histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) phosphorylation, nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, and subsequent regulation of high-mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) expression are involved in type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP).

Methods: The type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain model was established in rats by feeding them with a high-fat and high-sugar diet for 8 weeks and then fasting them for 12 h, followed by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg/kg). SGK1 was inhibited in the spinal cord by intrathecal administration of the SGK1 inhibitor GSK-650394.

Cortical Morphometric Similarity Remodeling in Traumatic Brain Injury Links Cognitive Impairments with Transcriptional Changes and Type-Specific Cells.

The heterogeneous injuries and resulting cognitive deficits pose significant challenges in the clinical management of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). However, the pathophysiological mechanisms related to heterogeneities of mTBI are still unclear. This study aims to explore the mechanisms underlying brain remodeling by examining the morphometric similarity (MS) alterations and corresponding transcriptomic signatures across adult and pediatric mTBI (adult mTBI: 112 acute patients, 47 follow-up chronic patients, 66 healthy controls [HCs]; pediatric mTBI: 30 acute patients, 31 HCs).

Metabolic reprogramming of macrophages by a nano-sized opsonization strategy to restore M1/M2 balance for osteoarthritis therapy.

Osteoarthritis is a chronic and progressive joint disease accompanied by cartilage degeneration and synovial inflammation. It is associated with an imbalance of synovial macrophage M1/M2 ratio tilting more towards the pro-inflammatory M1 than the anti-inflammatory M2. The M1-macrophages rely on aerobic glycolysis for energy whereas the M2-macrophages derive energy from oxidative phosphorylation.

Bisphenol B restrains rat leydig cell function via H3K27me3/H3K9me3 histone modifications.

As an alternative compound of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol B (BPB) was widely used in plastic materials. The potential actions of BPB on the function of Leydig cells through the regulation of H3K27me3 and H3K9me3 remains unclear. Our goal was to assess how BPB influences Leydig cell function via histone modifications mediated by H3K27me3 and H3K9me3.

Urinary metabolomics analysis of patients with renal tubular dysfunction after PCI surgery.

Purpose: Differences in metabolic profiles were used to search for urinary metabolic markers in patients with tubular dysfunction after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: In this study, 50 patients with renal tubule dysfunction 6 h after PCI were collected and urine samples before PCI were used as control group and 6 h after PCI were used as observation group. The urine samples were processed by high-speed centrifugation, filtered by microporous membrane, and the superclear was obtained for LC-MS detection and analysis, and their metabolic profiles and related data were obtained.

The Importance of Active Exercise in Treatment of Tendinous Mallet Finger: Insights From a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Tendinous mallet finger lacks high-level evidence guiding optimal treatment. In this study, we compared the results of thermoplastic splints with those of surgical treatment using Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation in the management of tendinous mallet finger injuries.

Method: Forty-eight patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to the thermoplastic splint group (n = 23) and K-wire group (n = 25).

Enhancing chemoimmunotherapy for colorectal cancer with paclitaxel and alantolactone via CD44-Targeted nanoparticles: A STAT3 signaling pathway modulation approach.

Chemoimmunotherapy has the potential to enhance chemotherapy and modulate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by activating immunogenic cell death (ICD), making it a promising strategy for clinical application. Alantolactone (A) was found to augment the anticancer efficacy of paclitaxel (P) at a molar ratio of 1:0.5 (P:A) through induction of more potent ICD via modulation of STAT3 signaling pathways.

Comparison of a ready-to-use intranasal dexmedetomidine spray with traditional intranasal dexmedetomidine drops for sedation in preschool children: a prospective, randomized, controlled study.

Purpose: This study compared the efficacy and acceptability of a ready-to-use intranasal dexmedetomidine spray (DS) versus traditional drops administered by syringe (DD) in pediatric patients undergoing elective surgery.

Patients And Methods: Eighty-six preschool children were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Children were randomly assigned to receive either DS or DD.

Multiresponsive Microcapsules for Prevention of Intrauterine Adhesion.

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) has a significant negative impact on women's reproductive health. One of the development trends of biomaterials for prevention of IUA is improving the stability and multifaceted functions. Here, we propose a multiresponsive microcapsule (A/G-FeO-Se) with an alginate (ALG) and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) dual-network hydrogel shell loaded with magnetic nanoparticles (FeO-Se) and an ultrasound-responsive decafluoropentane core for the prevention of IUA using a microfluidic technique.

Psoralen remodels the articular cartilage microenvironment by pharmacologically regulating the Nrf2 pathway in osteoarthritis treatment.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease featuring extracellular matrix degradation and apoptosis in the inflammatory microenvironment. Psoralea, a traditional Chinese herb derived from the dried and ripe fruits of the leguminous plant Psoralea corylifolia, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties relying on the expression upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Psoralen, a compound derived from Psoralea, can be well applied to the treatment of various diseases, while researches have not fully explored its therapeutic effect for OA.

Novel pathogenic mtDNA variants in Chinese children with neurological mitochondrial disorders.

Objective: Pathogenic variations in the mitochondrial genome are tightly linked to neurological mitochondrial disorders in children. However, the mutation spectrum of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the Chinese population remains incomplete. Therefore, the primary objective of our study was to comprehensively characterize pathogenic mtDNA variants in Chinese children with mitochondrial disorders at clinical, molecular, and functional levels.

Exercise-induced Sesn2 mediates autophagic flux to alleviate neural damage after ischemic stroke in mice.

Background: We previously demonstrated that exercise pretreatment can suppress oxidative stress and neuroinflammation following ischemic stroke. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these effects are uncertain. Sestrin2 (Sesn2), a stress-responsive protein, has been reported to reduce neuroinflammation and protect against ischemic cerebral injury.

Astaxanthin Prevents Glucocorticoid-Induced Femoral Head Osteonecrosis by Targeting Ferroptosis through the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway.

Glucocorticoid (GC) is extensively used in clinical practice, and the osteonecrosis of the femoral head caused by them is a common issue in orthopedic surgery, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Astaxanthin (AST), a potent natural antioxidant, has an unexplored impact on GC-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (GIONFH). This study explores the effects and mechanisms of AST in counteracting dexamethasone (Dex)-induced ferroptosis and GIONFH.

Efficacy of a Modified Bilhaut-Cloquet Procedure Using a Neurovascular Island Flap for Treatment of Radially Deviated Thumb Polydactyly With Hypoplasia.

Purpose: Baek's modified Bilhaut-Cloquet procedure is indicated for patients with symmetric bifid thumbs in Wassel type II or III polydactyly. The radially deviated type of thumb polydactyly with asymmetric bifid thumbs was previously contraindicated for this procedure. The objective of the study was to describe the results of our modified Bilhaut-Cloquet procedure using a neurovascular island flap of the radial duplicate for radially deviated type of thumb polydactyly with hypoplasia.

Effects of aerobic vs combined aerobic and resistance exercise training on maternal glucose metabolism, sympathetic nervous system control and cardiovascular hemodynamics in women with overweight/obesity during pregnancy.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the effects of acute aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise on maternal glucose metabolism and sympathetic nervous system-regulated cardiovascular function in overweight or obese pregnancies.

Material And Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial of aerobic exercise combined with resistance training (aerobic + resistance; n = 25) compared with aerobic exercise (aerobic, n = 21) beginning at 16 wk and continuing until 36 wk of gestation in overweight or obese pregnant women. At preintervention and postintervention assessments, the glycometabolism, muscle sympathetic nervous system activity (MSNA) and cardiovascular parameters were measured and analyzed, containing fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting blood insulin (FBI), 2 h glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), MSNA bursts/min, MSNA bursts/100 heartbeats, resting heart rate (HR); diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), cardiac index (CI), cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), total peripheral resistance (TPR) and total peripheral resistance index (TPRI).

α-methyltryptophan-mediated protection against diabetic nephropathy in mice as studied with a metabolomics approach.

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a major complication of diabetes, presents with poor clinical outcomes and affects patients throughout their lifetime. α-Methyltryptophan (α-MT) is a blocker of the amino acid transporter. SLC6A14 and also an inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1).

Asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 infection in women prior to oocyte retrieval has no impact on embryo laboratory outcomes: a retrospective study.

Background: Few previous studies have addressed the impact of COVID-19 infection status on assisted reproductive technology outcomes. The purpose of this study was to assess whether COVID-19 infection affects ovulation induction outcomes and the laboratory outcomes of women undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatment.

Methods: In total, 363 patients were divided into three groups: the COVID-19 infection group (group A, n = 49), the COVID-19 recovery group (group B, n = 119) and the COVID-19 non-infection group (group C, n = 195).

Causal Association Between Skin Microbiota and Malignant Melanoma: Genetic Insights From Mendelian Randomization.

Background: Malignant melanoma (MM) is an extremely aggressive type of skin cancer that represents a major risk to human health. Earlier observational research has indicated that skin microbiota could play a role in the development and advancement of MM. Nevertheless, the causal link between skin microbiota and MM is still unclear.

Insight into perfluorooctanoic acid-induced impairment of mouse embryo implantation via single-cell RNA-seq.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an environmentally persistent chemical that poses significant risks to human health. Studies have shown that PFOA affects female reproduction, but the specific impact on endometrial receptivity and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of low-dose PFOA exposure through drinking water on endometrial receptivity in a murine model.

Inhibition of FTO expression by thiodiphenol impairs Leydig cell maturation in pubertal male rats.

This study investigated the multifaceted effects of 4,4'-thiodiphenol (TDP) on male reproductive health, focusing on its toxicity, hormonal modulation, and impact on steroidogenesis. Male rats were exposed to TDP at varying doses (0, 1, 10, and 100 mg/kg) from day 35-56 postpartum. Overt toxicity was evident as TDP significantly reduced inhibited spermatogenesis at 10 and 100 mg/kg.

Inhibition of CD36 ameliorates mouse spinal cord injury by accelerating microglial lipophagy.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious trauma of the central nervous system (CNS). SCI induces a unique lipid-dense environment that results in the deposition of large amounts of lipid droplets (LDs). The presence of LDs has been shown to contribute to the progression of other diseases.