Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis.

The tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a new class of non coding RNAs, which are stable in body fluids and can be used as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis. However, the exact value of tsRNAs in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is still unclear. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the serum tsRNAs biosignature to distinguish between active TB, healthy controls, latent TB infection, and other respiratory diseases.

3D-Printed PCL Scaffolds Loaded with bFGF and BMSCs Enhance Tendon-Bone Healing in Rat Rotator Cuff Tears by Immunomodulation and Osteogenesis Promotion.

Rotator cuff tears are the most common conditions in sports medicine and attract increasing attention. Scar tissue healing at the tendon-bone interface results in a high rate of retears, making it a major challenge to enhance the healing of the rotator cuff tendon-bone interface. Biomaterials currently employed for tendon-bone healing in rotator cuff tears still exhibit limited efficacy.

Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction Ameliorates DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice via the Modulation of NF-B and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathways.

This study aims to reveal the potential molecular mechanisms of modified Gegen Qinlian decoction (MGQD) in relieving ulcerative colitis (UC). C57BL/6J mice were used to establish experimental colitis via dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Body weight, disease activity index (DAI), spleen weight, colon length, and histopathologic features were measured to evaluate the therapeutic effects of MGQD on mice with UC.

Clinical characteristics and immunotherapy response in paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome patients with increased number of high-risk antibodies.

Objective: To investigate the differences of clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes between paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome (PNS) patients with one high-risk antibody and patients with two high-risk antibodies.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 51 PNS patients with high-risk antibody. Clinical data were extracted from the patients' electronic medical records.

HMGB1 lactylation drives neutrophil extracellular trap formation in lactate-induced acute kidney injury.

Rationale: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome associated with a multitude of conditions. Although renal replacement therapy (RRT) remains the cornerstone of treatment for advanced AKI, its implementation can potentially pose risks and may not be readily accessible across all healthcare settings and regions. Elevated lactate levels are implicated in sepsis-induced AKI; however, it remains unclear whether increased lactate directly induces AKI or elucidates the underlying mechanisms.

Subtype-specific human endogenous retrovirus K102 envelope protein is a novel serum immunosuppressive biomarker of cancer.

Immune dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of cancer and plays critical roles in immunotherapy resistance, but there is no serum biomarker that can be used to evaluate immune-dysfunction status of cancer patients. Here, we identified subtype-specific human endogenous retrovirus K102 envelope (HERV-K102-Env) with immunosuppressive activity in circulating blood as a novel serum immunosuppressive biomarker of cancer. We first generated monoclonal antibodies against K102-Env with high sensitivity and specificity, and we developed an ELISA assay to detect serum K102-Env.

First-line combination therapy of immunotherapy plus anti-angiogenic drug for thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumors in AIDS: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumors (SMARCA4-UT) exhibit a notably aggressive phenotype, which is associated with poor patient survival outcomes. These tumors are generally resistant to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy, thereby limiting the availability of effective treatment options.

Case Presentation: We describe a 69-year-old AIDS patient who initially presented with a fused, enlarged lymph node on the right clavicle and mild, unexplained pain under the right axilla that worsened with severe coughing episodes.

ESAT-6 protein suppresses allograft rejection by inducing CD4Foxp3 regulatory T cells through IκBα/cRel pathway.

Background: Maintenance immunosuppression is required for suppression of alloimmunity or allograft rejection. However, continuous use of immunosuppressants may lead to various side effects, necessitating the use of alternative immunosuppressive drugs. The early secreted antigenic target of 6 kDa (ESAT-6) is a virulence factor and immunoregulatory protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which alters host immunity through dually regulating development or activation of various immune cells.

The role of the C5a-C5aR pathway in iron metabolism and gastric cancer progression.

Gastric cancer continues to be a leading global health concern, with current therapeutic approaches requiring significant improvement. While the disruption of iron metabolism in the advancement of gastric cancer has been well-documented, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Additionally, the complement C5a-C5aR pathway has been identified as a crucial factor in gastric cancer development.

Correlation between night sweats and season fluctuation in China.

Background: Night sweats are a condition in which an individual sweats excessively during sleep without awareness, and stops when they wake up. Prolonged episodes of night sweats might result in the depletion of trace elements and nutrients, affecting the growth and development of children.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between sweat nights and season.

Preliminary study on the correlation between thyroid magnetic resonance parameters and radiation dose after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common sequela after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gained prominence in thyroid imaging, leveraging its non-ionizing radiation, high spatial resolution, multiparameter and multidirectional imaging. Few previous studies have investigated the evaluation of radiation-induced thyroid injury by MRI.

Copper in the colorectal cancer microenvironment: pioneering a new era of cuproptosis-based therapy.

Copper, an essential trace element and biochemical cofactor in humans plays a critical role in maintaining health. Recent studies have identified a significant association between copper levels and the progression and metastasis of cancer. Copper is primarily absorbed in the intestinal tract, often leading to an imbalance of copper ions in the body.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound of collecting duct carcinoma in the renal: a case report misdiagnosed as renal abscess on computed tomography scan.

Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC), also known as Bellini duct carcinoma, is a rare malignancy with significant challenges in early diagnosis. This paper presents a case report of CDC that was misdiagnosed as renal abscess on computed tomography (CT). A 49-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with bilateral lumbar pain, exacerbated on the left side, accompanied by hematuria.

Surgical treatment of mammalian bites----experience in the management of facial wounds by dog and cat bite in China.

Mammalian bites to the face challenges not only related to wound healing but also to aesthetic outcomes. This study aims to summarize 7 years of experience in treating mammalian bite wounds and propose a surgical approach for managing these wounds. From July 2016 to August 2023, 185 cases were treated and retrospectively evaluated.

Shunt Dependency Syndrome Combined with Sinus Stenosis after Cyst-peritoneal Shunting of Arachnoid Cyst: A 20-year Rare Complication.

Shunt dependence syndrome is a serious long-term complication characterized by symptoms and signs of increased intracranial pressure with normal-sized lateral ventricles after several years of arachnoid cyst-peritoneal shunting. It is easy to misdiagnose and overlook when combined with sinus stenosis, thus delaying treatment. Here, we present a 35-year-old man with an unexplained headache and binocular horizontal diplopia with high intracranial pressure.

A multifunctional photothermal electrospun PLGA/MoS@Pd nanofiber membrane for diabetic wound healing.

Injury caused by excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) may lead to susceptibility to bacterial infection and sustained inflammatory response, which are the major factors impeding diabetic wound healing. By utilizing optimal anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial biomaterials for multifunctional wound dressings is critical in clinical applications. In this study, a novel electrospun PLGA/MoS@Pd nanofiber membrane was synthesized by encapsulating antioxidant and near-infrared (NIR) responsive MOS@Pd nanozymes in PLGA nanofibers to form a multifunctional dressing for diabetic wound repair.

Integrated skin metabolomics and network pharmacology to explore the mechanisms of Goupi Plaster for treating knee osteoarthritis.

Background And Aim: Goupi Plaster (GP) is topical traditional Chinese medicine preparation. It has been used to treat Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) in clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, the mechanisms of GP relieve KOA are poorly understood.

Safety assessment of tolvaptan: real-world adverse event analysis using the FAERS database.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the adverse drug events (ADEs) associated with tolvaptan in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database from the fourth quarter of 2009 to the second quarter of 2024.

Methods: After standardizing the data, various signal detection techniques, including Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network, and Multi-Item Gamma Poisson Shrinker, were employed for analysis.

Results: Among the 7,486 ADE reports where tolvaptan was the primary suspected drug, a total of 196 preferred terms were identified, spanning 24 different system organ classes.

Role of copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in heart failure pathogenesis: implications for therapeutic strategies.

Copper is an essential micronutrient involved in various physiological processes in various cell types. Consequently, dysregulation of copper homeostasis-either excessive or deficient-can lead to pathological changes, such as heart failure (HF). Recently, a new type of copper-dependent cell death known as cuproptosis has drawn increasing attention to the impact of copper dyshomeostasis on HF.

Polydatin enhances oxaliplatin-induced cell death by activating NOX5-ROS-mediated DNA damage and ER stress in colon cancer cells.

Background: Polydatin (3,4',5-trihydroxy-3-β-d-glucopyranoside, PD) is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Oxaliplatin (OXA)-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for metastatic and recurrent colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the lack of selectivity for normal cells often results in side effects.

The impact of solute carrier proteins on disrupting substance regulation in metabolic disorders: insights and clinical applications.

Carbohydrates, lipids, bile acids, various inorganic salt ions and organic acids are the main nutrients or indispensable components of the human body. Dysregulation in the processes of absorption, transport, metabolism, and excretion of these metabolites can lead to the onset of severe metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, gout and hyperbilirubinemia. As the second largest membrane receptor supergroup, several major families in the solute carrier (SLC) supergroup have been found to play key roles in the transport of substances such as carbohydrates, lipids, urate, bile acids, monocarboxylates and zinc ions.

Protective effects of berbamine against arginase-1 deficiency-induced injury in human brain microvascular endothelial cells.

Endothelial cell dysfunction plays a crucial role in the early development of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Arginase-1 (ARG1) is expressed in endothelial cells, and its deficiency may exacerbate cerebrovascular damage by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, thereby inducing endothelial cell apoptosis. Berbamine (BBM) has shown potential in neuroprotection and cardiovascular disease prevention.

Extracellular vesicular microRNAs and cardiac hypertrophy.

Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response to pressure or volume overload such as hypertension and ischemic heart diseases. Sustained cardiac hypertrophy eventually leads to heart failure. The pathophysiological alterations of hypertrophy are complex, involving both cellular and molecular systems.

The relationship between cardiometabolic Index and diabetic kidney disease in people with diabetes.

Introduction: Studies have shown a strong correlation between the cardiometabolic index (CMI) and health issues such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, and decreased renal function. Nevertheless, the correlation between CMI and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains ambiguous. The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between CMI and DKD in patients with diabetes in the United States.