Expert consensus on the prevention and treatment of enamel demineralization in orthodontic treatment.

Enamel demineralization, the formation of white spot lesions, is a common issue in clinical orthodontic treatment. The appearance of white spot lesions not only affects the texture and health of dental hard tissues but also impacts the health and aesthetics of teeth after orthodontic treatment. The prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of white spot lesions that occur throughout the orthodontic treatment process involve multiple dental specialties.

Two-year outcomes of combined surgical peripheral iridectomy, goniosynechialysis, and goniotomy for advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma without cataract: A multicenter study.

Purpose: To evaluate the two-year outcomes of combined surgical peripheral iridectomy (SPI), goniosynechialysis (GSL), and goniotomy (GT) for advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) without cataract.

Design: Multicenter prospective study.

Methods: The study included patients who received a combined SPI + GSL + GT for advanced PACG without cataract, all completed a 24-month follow-up.

Trastuzumab rezetecan, a HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate, in patients with advanced HER2-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (HORIZON-Lung): phase 2 results from a multicentre, single-arm study.

Background: Trastuzumab rezetecan (also known as SHR-A1811) is a novel antibody-drug conjugate consisting of a humanised HER2-directed monoclonal antibody, cleavable tetrapeptide-based linker, and DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor. In the phase 1 portion of this phase 1/2 study, trastuzumab rezetecan showed preliminary anti-tumour activity and a favourable safety profile in patients with HER2-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We present phase 2 results from the study, which aimed to further evaluate the activity and safety of trastuzumab rezetecan at the recommended dose.

Research hotspots and trends of plumbagin: A bibliometric perspective.

Plumbagin is a biologically active naphthoquinone compound. Research related to plumbagin has gained popularity, evidenced by a gradual increase in publications. However, a bibliometric study in this field has yet to be conducted.

Oxidative stress regulates the catalytic activity and mitochondrial localization of HK2 in trophoblast by regulating K346 lactylation.

Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the most dangerous complications of pregnancy. The pathogenic mechanisms of this condition are not yet clear. Lysine lactylation (Kla) is a novel post-translational modification (PTM) reported recently.

Time trends in thermal burns incidence among Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS), an age-period-cohort analysis from the GBD 2019.

Burns are a serious public health problem. Despite the decline in the global burden of burns, the burden of burns remains high in low- and middle-income regions, including BRICS countries. To analyse the trend of burn injury incidence in BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) from 1990 to 2019 and to provide a reference basis for burn injury prevention and management.

Applied theory of planned behavior to explore associated factor of physical activity level among Chinese childhood cancer survivors.

Objective: Low physical activity (PA) levels are common among childhood cancer survivors (CCS) and have a serious negative impact on their physical recovery and long-term health. This study aimed to explore the factors that contribute to low levels of PA from the perspective of children themselves and how these factors affect their PA.

Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, CCS were recruited by purposive sampling from several children's medical centers nationwide.

Application of Denonvilliers' Fascia Arch as an Anatomical Landmark in Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the clinical application of Denonvilliers' fascia arch (DFA) as a novel anatomical landmark in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP), comparing with the conventional extraperitoneal LRP approach.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 304 patients who underwent LRP between January 2019 and January 2024. Patients were divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 152), who underwent extraperitoneal LRP using DFA as a landmark, and the control group (n = 152), who underwent conventional LRP.

Combined with the semantic features of CT and selected clinical variables, a machine learning model for accurately predicting the prognosis of Omicron was established.

Objectives: To efficiently use medical resources and offer optimal personalized treatment for individuals with Omicron infection, it is vital to predict the disease's outcome early on. This research developed three machine learning models to foresee the results for Omicron-infected patients.

Methods: Data from 253 Omicron-infected patients, including their CT scans, clinical details, and relevant laboratory values, were studied.

Efficacy of Naringenin against aging and degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells through IGFBP3 inhibition.

Naringenin (NAR), a natural flavonoid, exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pharmacology. However, the pharmacological mechanisms through which NAR prevents and treats intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) remain unclear. We utilized bioinformatics, machine learning, and network pharmacology to identify shared targets among NAR, senescence, and IDD.

Effects of CPAP on Neuroimaging Biomarkers and Cognition in Adult OSA: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cognitive impairment. The effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive performance among middle-aged patients with OSA and normal cognition remain unclear.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of CPAP therapy over 12 months on neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive performance.

The Efficacy and Safety of Hepatic Artery Infusion Chemotherapy Combined with Lenvatinib and Programmed Death (PD)-1 Inhibitors for Unresectable Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Retrospective Study.

Although systemic chemotherapy (SC) is the mainstay for treating unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), its efficacy is limited and it causes severe systemic side effects. This study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness and safety of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) in combination with lenvatinib plus programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors (HLP), compared to SC in combination with lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitors (SCLP) for unresectable ICC. We analyzed patients initially diagnosed with unresectable ICC at our center between March 2021 and December 2023, classifying them into HLP and SCLP groups according to treatment regimen.

Quercetin Inhibits Ectopic Lesion Formation in Mice by Modulating the MAT2A/PRMT5 Pathway through PPARγ Activation.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the impact of quercetin on a mouse model of endometriosis and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Methods: An endometriosis model was established using C57BL/6 mice, which were divided into three groups: 1) sham group, 2) model group, and 3) model group treated with daily gavage administration of 100 mg/kg/d quercetin. After three weeks, mice were euthanized, and histopathological examination was performed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining.

The Guanylate Cyclase Soluble Subunit Alpha-1 Deficiency Impairs Angiogenesis in Zebrafishes and Mice: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is caused by abnormal vascular development. Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-1 (GUCY1A3) gene variation is verified as a crucial susceptible gene in MMD. In this study, we investigated the impact of GUCY1A3 on angiogenesis.

Integrative analysis of genetic variability and functional traits in lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells via single-cell RNA sequencing, GWAS, bayesian deconvolution, and machine learning.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, characterized by high genetic and cellular heterogeneity, especially within the tumor microenvironment.

Objective: This study integrates single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) with genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using Bayesian deconvolution and machine learning techniques to unravel the genetic and functional complexity of lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells.

Methods: We performed scRNA-seq and GWAS analysis to identify critical cell populations affected by genetic variations.

Target Achievements of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Blood Pressure, and Glucose in Patients with Diabetes after Acute Coronary Syndrome: Findings from the Chinese Cardiovascular Association Database - iHeart Project.

Aim: To evaluate the achievement of metabolic risk factor targets and influencing factors in ACS patients with diabetes during the 12 months after discharge.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from the Chinese Cardiovascular Association database-iHeart Project. Patients who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of ACS between 2014 and 2021 and who had at least one measurement record of LDL-C, BP, or HbA within 12 months after discharge were included.

Safety and efficacy of luspatercept in treating anemia associated with myelodysplastic syndrome with ring sideroblasts in Asian patients who require red blood cell transfusions: a phase II bridging study.

Background: Patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) may experience anemia and a high transfusion burden, alongside a risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia. Luspatercept, a recombinant fusion protein that acts as an erythroid maturation agent, was FDA/EMA-approved in 2020 based on the phase III MEDALIST trial. There remains an unmet need for anemia treatment in Asian patients for whom red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a standard of care, and in whom rates/severity of anemia and serum erythropoietin levels are often higher versus Western patients.

Efficacy and safety of loxoprofen sodium cataplasms in the treatment of osteoarthritis: A randomized, multicenter study.

The present study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of loxoprofen sodium cataplasm (LSC) with those of flurbiprofen cataplasm (FPC) in osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. In this multicenter, randomized controlled trial, subjects meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly assigned to the two treatment groups. According to the manufacturer's instructions, the first group received LSC once daily, with the application of one patch per area for 2 weeks, whereas the second group received FPC twice daily, with the application of one patch per area for 2 weeks.

CD34 PI16 fibroblast progenitors aggravate neointimal lesions of allograft arteries via CCL11/CCR3-PI3K/AKT pathway.

Transplant-accelerated arteriosclerosis is a common complication that limits the long-term survival of organ transplant recipients. While previous studies have indicated the involvement of CD34 stem/progenitor cells (SPCs) in this process, their heterogeneity and potential adverse effects remains incompletely understood. To investigate the role of CD34 SPCs in transplant arteriosclerosis, we used various genetically modified mouse models, including BALB/c, C57BL/6J, CD34-CreER, Rosa26-tdTomato, Rosa26-iDTR, CD34-Dre, PI16-CreER, and CAG-LSL-RSR-tdTomato-2A-DTR mice.

Methionine Restriction Exerts Anti-Tumor Immunity via Joint Intervention of T-Bet Palmitoylation in Gastric Cancer.

Background: Methionine restriction (MR) exerts an anti-tumor immunomodulatory role. Th1 cells facilitate CD8 cytotoxic T cell activation and targeted tumor cell killing. Our previous work shows that MR enhances the immunotherapy effect of PD-L1/PD-1 blockade on gastric cancer, MR can simultaneously inhibit Th1 cell differentiation, which may affect their synergistic therapeutic outcome.

Unveiling lactylation modification: A new hope for cancer treatment.

This review article delves into the multifaceted role of lactylation modification in antitumor therapy, revealing the complex interplay between lactylation modification and the tumor microenvironment (TME), metabolic reprogramming, gene expression, and immunotherapy. As an emerging epigenetic modification, lactylation has a significant impact on the metabolic pathways of tumor cells, immune evasion, gene expression regulation, and sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs. Studies have shown that lactylation modification significantly alters the development and therapeutic response of tumors by affecting metabolites in the TME, immune cell functions, and signaling pathways.

Real-world safety analysis of deutetrabenazine post-marketing: a disproportionality study leveraging the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Background: Deutetrabenazine, a selective vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor, has been demonstrated efficacy in treating refractory neurologic disorders such as Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) and Huntington's disease but have potential adverse events (AEs) that require detailed pharmacovigilance. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the safety profile of deutetrabenazine in real-world settings by analyzing AEs reported from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective pharmacovigilance study using FAERS data from Q3 2017 to Q3 2024, focusing on deutetrabenazine-related AEs.

SPICE1 promotes osteosarcoma growth by enhancing the deubiquitination of FASN mediated by USP10.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is recognized as a prevalent primary bone malignancy, particularly affecting adolescents during their growth spurts. Despite its clinical significance, the underlying biological characteristics and associated prognostic factors remain incompletely understood. The identification of novel molecular players involved in osteosarcoma progression could enhance our understanding of its pathogenesis and potentially inform patient management strategies.

Cellular senescence and glaucoma.

Cellular senescence, a characteristic feature of the aging process, is induced by diverse stressors. In recent years, glaucoma has emerged as a blinding ocular disease intricately linked to cellular senescence. The principal pathways implicated are oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, autophagy impairment, and the secretion of various senescence- associated secretory phenotype factors.