Tryptophan Metabolic Enzyme IL4I1 Inhibits Ferroptosis by Decreasing Ubiquitination of Nrf2 via I3P in Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the deadliest brain tumour with an extremely poor prognosis. Tryptophan catabolism could enhance an array of protumour-genic signals and promoted tumour progression in GBM. However, the mechanisms of oncogenic signalling under tryptophan catabolism and potential therapy targeting this pathway have not been completely understood.

Efficient Metabolomics Profiling from Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Enables Accurate Diagnosis of Early Gastric Cancer.

Accurate diagnosis of early gastric cancer is valuable for asymptomatic populations, while current endoscopic examination combined with pathological tissue biopsy often encounters bottlenecks for early-stage cancer and causes pain to patients. Liquid biopsy shows promise for noninvasive diagnosis of early gastric cancer; however, it remains a challenge to achieve accurate diagnosis due to the lack of highly sensitive and specific biomarkers. Herein, we propose a protocol combining metabolomics profiling from plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) and machine learning to identify the metabolomics discrepancies of early gastric cancer individuals from other populations.

Development and Validation of Machine Learning Models for Outcome Prediction in Patients with Poor-Grade Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Following Endovascular Treatment.

Background: Endovascular treatment (EVT) has been recommended as a superior modality for the treatment of intracranial aneurysm. However, there still exists a worse percentage of poor functional outcome in patients with poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) undergoing EVT. Therefore, it is urgently needed to investigate the risk factors and develop a critical decision model in the subtype of such patients.

Prevalence, incidence and modifiable factors for subtypes of mild cognitive impairment: results from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in China.

Background: As the population in China rapidly ages, the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is increasing considerably. However, the causes of MCI vary. The continued lack of understanding of the various subtypes of MCI impedes the implementation of effective measures to reduce the risk of advancing to more severe cognitive diseases.

Identification of Potential PBP2a Inhibitors Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus via Drug Repurposing and Combination Therapy.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) achieves high-level resistance against β-lactam antibiotics through the expression of penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which features a closed active site that impedes antibiotic binding. Herein, we implemented a strategy that combines drug repurposing with synergistic therapy to identify potential inhibitors targeting PBP2a's allosteric site from an FDA-approved drug database. Initially, retrospective verifications were conducted, employing different Glide docking methods (HTVS, SP, and XP) and two representative PBP2a structures.

Efficacy and safety of cadonilimab (PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific) in combination with chemotherapy in anti-PD-1-resistant recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a single-arm, open-label, phase 2 trial.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab (anti-PD-1 and CTLA-4 bispecific antibody) plus TPC chemotherapy (NAB-paclitaxel, cisplatin or lobaplatin, and capecitabine) in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC) who failed to PD-1 inhibitor-containing regimens.

Methods: In this single-arm, open-label, phase 2 study, RM-NPC patients who failed to at least one line of systemic chemotherapy and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy were enrolled and received cadonilimab plus TPC chemotherapy every 3 weeks for up to 6 cycles, followed by cadonilimab plus capecitabine every 3 weeks for a maximum of 2 years. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR).

Thalidomide-based regimen shows promising efficacy in large granular lymphocytic leukemia: a multicenter phase II study.

Large granular lymphocytic leukemia (LGLL) is characterized by the clonal proliferation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes or NK cells. Standard first-line immunosuppressive treatments have limitations, achieving complete remission (CR) rates of up to 50%. Immune system dysregulation is implicated in LGLL.

Efficacy and safety of antithrombin or recombinant human thrombomodulin in the treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Multiple organ damage is a hallmark of the highly lethal condition known as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The efficacy and safety of recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (rhTM) and antithrombin (AT) in DIC is still debatable. Therefore, we used a fixed-effects model to conduct a comprehensive evaluation and meta-analysis to examine the safety and efficacy of AT or rhTM administration for treating DIC.

Short-Term Observation of Refractive Predictability and Corneal Thickness Change After Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Lenticule Intrastromal Keratoplasty and Small-Incision Lenticule Intrastromal Keratoplasty for Correcting Moderate to High Hyperopia.

Purpose: To investigate the refractive predictability and corneal thickness change after femtosecond laser-assisted lenticule intrastromal keratoplasty (FS-LIKE) or small-incision lenticule intrastromal keratoplasty (SMI-LIKE).

Methods: Pentacam topography and optical coherence tomography measurements were taken of all eyes at 1 day and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Anterior lamellar thickness, lenticule thickness, and posterior lamellar thickness were measured.

Effect of adjuvant cisternostomy on the prognosis of patients with severe traumatic brain injury: A single center's retrospective study.

This study evaluates the efficacy of adjuvant cisternostomy (AC) versus decompressive craniectomy (DC) in managing severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). A single-center retrospective analysis of consecutive sTBI patients treated with AC or DC alone (2018-2019) revealed that the AC group exhibited significantly lower intracranial pressure and higher Glasgow Coma Scale scores compared with the DC group (P < .05).

Immunomodulatory Role and Therapeutic Potential of HLA-DR Regulatory T Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease that affects multiple organ systems. A key element in maintaining immune tolerance and preventing autoimmunity is the role of regulatory T cells (Treg cells). Among these, HLA-DR Treg cells represent a distinct subset, and their altered expression and functionality in SLE are closely associated with the progression of the disease.

Identification and functional characterization of T-cell exhaustion-associated lncRNA AL031775.1 in osteosarcoma: a novel therapeutic target.

Background: Osteosarcoma, an aggressive bone malignancy predominantly affecting children and adolescents, presents significant therapeutic challenges with a 5-year survival rate below 30% in metastatic cases. T-cell exhaustion, characterized by the overexpression of immune checkpoint molecules, contributes to osteosarcoma progression and immune evasion. Although targeting these inhibitory pathways has shown potential in restoring T-cell activity, the molecular regulators of T-cell depletion in osteosarcoma are poorly understood.

Can cardiovascular health and its modifiable healthy lifestyle offset the increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular deaths associated with insulin resistance?

Background: Insulin resistance(IR) is associated with an increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular death, and modifiable healthy lifestyles play an active role in the improvement of IR and the reduction of all-cause and cardiovascular death. Whether cardiovascular health (CVH) and modifiable healthy lifestyles within it can attenuate or even offset the heightened perils of both all-cause and cardiovascular deaths associated with insulin resistance remains unclear.

Methods: The study encompassed 14,172 healthy participants from the 2005-2018 NHANES programme.

Chinese Association of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Superficial Organs and Peripheral Vessels Committee Expert Consensus on Selected Common Clinical Issues in Parathyroid Ultrasound (2024 Edition).

Parathyroid ultrasound is widely used in clinical practice and plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of parathyroid diseases. Nevertheless, ultrasound physicians frequently encounter a number of challenges and doubts in their professional practice. For this reason, Superficial Organs and Peripheral Vessels Committee of Chinese Association of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering has formulated the expert consensus on certain common clinical problems of parathyroid ultrasound based on the current research progress and clinical experience, in order to guide the clinical practice.

Evidence-based control of stress response on intraoperative physiological indexes and recovery of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery.

Background: Although the 2021 Chinese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) provide recommendations for ERAS in gastrointestinal surgery, the clinical application of standard ERAS nursing models is challenging due to the variety of diseases involved in gastrointestinal surgery and the complex factors contributing to patient stress responses. Moreover, stress responses are more severe in older adult patients. Therefore, precision medicine is required to improve the quality of nursing care and promote postoperative recovery in gastrointestinal surgery.

Hyperhomocysteinaemia aggravates periodontitis by suppressing the Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway.

Periodontitis, a common dental illness, causes periodontal tissue inflammation and irreversible bone loss, inevitably resulting in tooth loss. Hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy), defined as blood total homocysteine (Hcy) levels greater than 15 µmol/L, is linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk. Mounting evidence indicates a connection between HHcy and periodontitis; however, the underlying processes remain unknown.

Injectable visible light cross-linking aldehyde-based methacrylated hyaluronic acid hydrogels enhance cartilage repair via improved BMSC homing and chondrogenic differentiation.

Self-repair of articular cartilage defects is a significant challenge that can be addressed using drug-infused hydrogels, which improve injection convenience and provide immediate in situ adhesion. In this study, we developed a hydrogel incorporating Lipo@Kartogenin (KGN) and the cationic functional peptide SKPPGTSS (SKP) linked to aldehyde-based methacrylated hyaluronic acid (AHAMA). The innovative injectable hydrogel responded to visible light, allowing cross-linking under white light (~30 s) and effective adhesion to cartilage tissue.

Efficacy and safety of disitamab vedotin in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Introduction: Disitamab Vedotin (DV, RC48, or RC48-ADC) is a novel humanized antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), which is based on human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 antibody (anti-HER2, or hertuzumab) coupled with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RC48-ADC in combination with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors for treatment of locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC) patients.

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective and real-world investigation originated from an enrollment of locally advanced or mUC patients underwent treatments with RC48-ADC in combination with PD-1 inhibitors in two hospitals, between August 2022 and July 2024.

Joint assessment of abdominal obesity and non-traditional lipid parameters for primary prevention of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: insights from the China health and retirement longitudinal study 2011-2018.

Background: Obesity and abnormal lipid metabolism increase the risk of various cardiometabolic diseases, including diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. However, the impact of abdominal obesity (AO) and non-traditional lipid parameters on the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the separate and combined effects of AO and non-traditional lipid parameters on the incidence risk of CMM.

Pelvic vasectomy and its protective effects on rat testis function.

Background: Vasectomy is a commonly used male contraceptive method, but the choice of surgical technique can influence long-term reproductive health outcomes. Previous studies suggest that different vasectomy techniques may lead to varying degrees of tissue damage, oxidative stress, and endocrine dysfunction. However, there is limited research on how these techniques affect overall reproductive system function.

Causal link between type 1 diabetes mellitus and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Europe.

Background: Several observational studies have shown an association between the presence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and the risk of developing juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The occurrence of comorbidities is a painful for children and their families. Therefore, a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted.

Radiation Dose-Volume Effects on Negative Tumor-Draining Lymph Nodes Impacted T-Cell Activation and Prognosis in Esophageal Cancer with Chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: Preclinical model found that elective nodal irradiation (ENI) attenuated the efficacy of radiotherapy and radio-immunotherapy. However, limited clinical studies have explored the correlation between radiation dose-volume parameters of negative tumor draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) and T-cell activation/prognosis for cancer patients treated with definitive radio(chemo)therapy.

Experimental Design: Patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer undergoing definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) were selected from two prospective trials.

In vitro screening of synbiotics composed of Lactobacillus and oligosaccharides and evaluating the potential anti-allergic ability.

Studies have demonstrated that the supplementation of oligosaccharides and Lactobacillus has the potential to alleviate food allergies. In this study, the gastrointestinal tolerance and adhesion properties of three anti-allergic Lactobacillus strains were evaluated in vitro. Subsequently, five oligosaccharides were incubated with each selected Lactobacillus strain to determine which combination could significantly promote Lactobacillus proliferation.

A Membrane Modification Technique for Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: We previously pioneered a negatively ionized polyethylene terephthalate membrane method (the SMART technique) with the LAMax (test) occluder to reduce platelet adhesion and promote endothelialization.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of the test occluder with the Watchman 2.5 device (control) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation to reduce stroke risk.

Iatrogenic Aortic Dissection During Catheter Ablation for Ventricular Arrhythmia.

Background: Attempted catheter manipulation via the retrograde aortic approach carries a risk of aortic dissection (AD) during catheter ablation.

Objective: To determine the incidence, management, and outcomes of iatrogenic AD associated with ablation of ventricular arrhythmia (VA).

Methods: All patients who sustained iatrogenic AD during retrograde aortic VA ablation at 6 centers between January 1, 2011 and September 30, 2023 were prospectively identified.