Retinal damage extends beyond the border of the detached retina in fovea-on retinal detachment.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the preoperative and postoperative change in retinal sensitivity in relation to the distance to the retinal detachment (RD) in patients with fovea-on RD.

Methods: We prospectively evaluated 13 patients with fovea-on RD and a healthy control eye. Preoperatively, OCT scans of the RD border and the macula were obtained.

Eye Muscle MRI in Myasthenia Gravis and Other Neuromuscular Disorders.

Introduction: MRI of extra-ocular muscles (EOM) in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) could aid in diagnosis and provide insights in therapy-resistant ophthalmoplegia. We used quantitative MRI to study the EOM in MG, healthy and disease controls, including Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) and chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO).

Methods: Twenty recently diagnosed MG (59±19yrs), nineteen chronic MG (51±16yrs), fourteen seronegative MG (57±9yrs) and sixteen healthy controls (54±13yrs) were included.

Characteristics of a Large, Labeled Data Set for the Training of Artificial Intelligence for Glaucoma Screening with Fundus Photographs.

Purpose: Significant visual impairment due to glaucoma is largely caused by the disease being detected too late.

Objective: To build a labeled data set for training artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for glaucoma screening by fundus photography, to assess the accuracy of the graders, and to characterize the features of all eyes with referable glaucoma (RG).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Frequency of Visual Fields Needed to Detect Glaucoma Progression: A Computer Simulation Using Linear Mixed Effects Model.

Prcis: Irregular visual field test frequency at relatively short intervals initially and longer intervals later on in the disease provided acceptable results in detecting glaucoma progression.

Purpose: It is challenging to maintain a balance between the frequency of visual field testing and the long-term costs that may result from insufficient treatment of glaucoma patients. This study aims to simulate real-world circumstances of visual field data to determine the optimum follow-up scheme for the timely detection of glaucoma progression using a linear mixed effects model (LMM).

Uveal Melanoma Patients Have a Distinct Metabolic Phenotype in Peripheral Blood.

Uveal melanomas (UM) are detected earlier. Consequently, tumors are smaller, allowing for novel eye-preserving treatments. This reduces tumor tissue available for genomic profiling.

Whole genome sequencing for -associated disease reveals several pathogenic deep-intronic variants that are amenable to splice correction.

A significant number of individuals with a rare disorder such as Usher syndrome (USH) and (non-)syndromic autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (arRP) remain genetically unexplained. Therefore, we assessed subjects suspected of -associated disease and no or mono-allelic variants using whole genome sequencing (WGS) followed by an improved pipeline for variant interpretation to provide a conclusive diagnosis. One hundred subjects were screened using WGS to identify causative variants in or other USH/arRP-associated genes.

Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy rates in the Netherlands: practice variation and association with physician practice styles.

Purpose: To determine the practice variation in the rate of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy within 1 year after cataract surgery and to identify possible associations with physician practice styles.

Setting: All hospitals and private clinics in the Netherlands.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Medial lacrimal sac excision versus conventional H-shaped lacrimal sac opening in external dacryocystorhinostomy: a comparative cohort study.

Purpose: The external dacryocystorhinostomy (Ex-DCR) is a reliable but surgically challenging procedure to overcome a nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO). The aim of this study is to describe the outcomes of a modified technique of lacrimal sac opening and to compare it with the conventional Ex-DCR.

Methods: This comparative cohort study included adult patients undergoing Ex-DCR for primary acquired NLDO by or under supervision of one surgeon.

A view from the clinic - Perspectives from Dutch patients and professionals on high myopia care.

Purpose: To understand and compare perspectives of patients and professionals on current ophthalmologic care for high myopia, and to identify challenges and future opportunities.

Methods: Self-reported data were collected through two online questionnaires. Patient perspective was obtained from highly myopic members of a patient organisation based in the Netherlands using a 17-item questionnaire consisting of open and multiple-choice questions regarding personal experience with myopia care.

Globe-sparing surgical treatment for periocular malignancies with anterior orbital invasion: a consecutive case series.

Purpose: Orbital exenteration of periocular tumors complicated by orbital invasion is a heavy burden for patients and leads to disfiguring cosmesis and loss of vision. Here, we report our experience with globe-sparing surgery in a series of patients with periocular malignancies other than basal cell carcinoma (BCC), all exhibiting anterior orbital invasion.

Methods: In this consecutive case series, we examined medical records of all patients between 2000 and 2018 with periocular malignancies (other than BCC) invading the anterior orbit (without extraocular muscle or scleral invasion) treated by one orbital surgeon (DP).

Adult orbital xanthogranuloma: long-term follow-up of treated cases.

Background: Adult orbital xanthogranulomatous disease (AOXGD) is a group of rare disorders. Four subtypes are identified: adult-onset xanthogranuloma (AOX), adult-onset asthma and periocular xanthogranuloma (AAPOX), necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NBX), and Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD). Therapy options vary and little is known about the long-term effect of the treatment.

Optical genome mapping and revisiting short-read genome sequencing data reveal previously overlooked structural variants disrupting retinal disease-associated genes.

Purpose: Structural variants (SVs) play an important role in inherited retinal diseases (IRD). Although the identification of SVs significantly improved upon the availability of genome sequencing, it is expected that involvement of SVs in IRDs is higher than anticipated. We revisited short-read genome sequencing data to enhance the identification of gene-disruptive SVs.

Diagnostic analysis of the highly complex OPN1LW/OPN1MW gene cluster using long-read sequencing and MLPA.

Pathogenic variants in the OPN1LW/OPN1MW gene cluster are causal for a range of mild to severe visual impairments with color deficiencies. The widely utilized short-read next-generation sequencing (NGS) is inappropriate for the analysis of the OPN1LW/OPN1MW gene cluster and many patients with pathogenic variants stay underdiagnosed. A diagnostic genetic assay was developed for the OPN1LW/OPN1MW gene cluster, consisting of copy number analysis via multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and sequence analysis via long-read circular consensus sequencing.

The impact of the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic on childhood myopia control practice patterns among ophthalmologists-an international pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus council global perspective.

Background: The prevalence of myopia keeps increasing during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to map the worldwide treatment preferences of ophthalmologists managing myopia control during the first wave of the pandemic.

Methods: An online questionnaire inquiring about pharmacological and optical treatment patterns during the first half of 2020 was sent to pediatric ophthalmology as well as general ophthalmology memberships worldwide.

Is a Transcription Factor Important for Uveal Melanocyte Development and Associated with High-Risk Uveal Melanoma.

Uveal melanoma (UM) is a deadly ocular malignancy, originating from uveal melanocytes. Although much is known regarding prognostication in UM, the exact mechanism of metastasis is mostly unknown. Metastatic tumor cells are known to express a more stem-like RNA profile which is seen often in cell-specific embryonic development to induce tumor progression.

Pointwise and Region-Wise Course of Visual Field Loss in Patients With Glaucoma.

Purpose: Accurate assessment of visual field (VF) trend may help clinicians devise the optimum treatment regimen. This study was conducted to investigate the behavior of VF sequences using pointwise and region-wise linear, exponential, and sigmoid regression models.

Materials And Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, 277 eyes of 139 patients with glaucoma who had been followed for at least 7 years were investigated.

Efficacy of tarsoconjunctivomullerectomy in adults with acquired aponeurogenic blepharoptosis: a large single-surgeon case-series.

Purpose: To evaluate the reoperation rate and symmetry after uni- or bilateral tarsoconjunctivomullerectomy (TCM) in a large, consecutive series of adult patients suffering from mild to moderate acquired aponeurogenic blepharoptosis.

Methods: Patients who underwent TCM because of mild to moderate acquired aponeurogenic blepharoptosis between January 2005 and September 2016 were analysed. Main outcome was reoperation rate.

Novel insights into the pathophysiology of proliferative vitreoretinopathy: The role of vitreoschisis-induced vitreous cortex remnants.

Purpose: We previously hypothesized a causal relationship between vitreoschisis-induced vitreous cortex remnants (VCR) and the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). This study aims to substantiate this association through histopathological analysis of surgical specimens in support of strategies to improve therapeutic outcomes.

Methods: A descriptive, prospective, non-consecutive case series.

Tissue IgG2/IgG4 Ratio as an Additional Tool to Distinguish IgG4-Related Disease From Other Fibroinflammatory Disorders.

Interpretation of biopsies taken on suspicion of immunoglobulin (Ig)G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) may be hampered by uninterpretable immunohistochemical stains for IgG because of strong background signals. This study aims to determine the significance of tissue IgG2 positive plasma cell counts in IgG4-RD in comparison with non-IgG4-related inflammatory disorders. Descriptive, retrospective case-control study of 16 patients with IgG4-related orbital disease (IgG4-ROD) and 24 with extraorbital IgG4-RD.

Contrast-to-Noise Ratios to Evaluate the Detection of Glaucomatous Progression in the Superior and Inferior Hemiretina.

Purpose: To determine the sensitivity of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and standard automated perimetry (SAP) for detecting glaucomatous progression in the superior and inferior hemiretina.

Methods: We calculated contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) for OCT retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness of hemiretinas and for SAP mean total deviation (MTD) of the corresponding hemifields from longitudinal data (205 eyes, 125 participants). The glaucoma stage for each hemiretina was based on the corresponding hemifield's MTD.