Organoids in lung cancer brain metastasis: Foundational research, clinical translation, and prospective outlooks.

Brain metastasis stands as a leading contributor to mortality in lung cancer patients, yet the intricate mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains elusive. This underscores the need for robust preclinical models and effective treatment strategies. Emerging as viable in vitro models that closely replicate actual tumors, three-dimensional culture systems, particularly organoids derived from non-malignant cells or cancer organoids, have emerged as promising avenues.

A novel intrauterine estrogen-releasing system for preventing the postoperative recurrence of intrauterine adhesion: a multicenter randomized controlled study.

Background: Transcervical resection of adhesions (TCRA) is the standard treatment for intrauterine adhesion (IUA). Previous studies have shown that postoperative oral estrogen or an intrauterine physical barrier could reduce the recurrence of IUA by promoting the proliferation of the endometrium or inhibiting the reformation of adhesions. Our team designed an intrauterine stent that can release estrogen within the uterine cavity slowly.

NOVA2 regulates the properties of liver cancer stem cells and lenvatinib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma via the Wnt pathway.

Background: The regulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is influenced by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). The present study sought to investigate the role of NOVA2 in the processes of self-renewal, carcinogenesis, and lenvatinib resistance in liver CSCs.

Methods: Neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2 (NOVA2) expression in liver CSCs was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

An aptamer-guided fluorescence polarisation platform for extracellular vesicle liquid biopsy.

The translation of discoveries on extracellular vesicle (EV) based cancer biomarkers to personalised precision oncology requires the development of robust, sensitive and specific assays that are amenable to adoption in the clinical laboratory. Whilst a variety of elegant approaches for EV liquid biopsy have been developed, most of them remain as research prototypes due to the requirement of a high level of microfabrication and/or sophisticated instruments. Hence, this study is set to develop a simple DNA aptamer-enabled and fluorescence polarisation-based homogenous assay that eliminates the need to separate unbound detection ligands from the bound species for EV detection.

A metabolic atlas of blood cells in young and aged mice identifies uridine as a metabolite to rejuvenate aged hematopoietic stem cells.

Aging of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is accompanied by impaired self-renewal ability, myeloid skewing, immunodeficiencies and increased susceptibility to malignancies. Although previous studies highlighted the pivotal roles of individual metabolites in hematopoiesis, comprehensive and high-resolution metabolomic profiles of different hematopoietic cells across ages are still lacking. In this study, we created a metabolome atlas of different blood cells across ages in mice.

Identifying and evaluating a disulfidptosis-related gene signature to predict prognosis in colorectal adenocarcinoma patients.

Disulfidptosis, a regulated form of cell death, has been recently reported in cancers characterized by high SLC7A11 expression, including invasive breast carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, its role in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) has been infrequently discussed. In this study, we developed and validated a prognostic model based on 20 disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) using LASSO and Cox regression analyses.

Cardiotoxicity of HER2-Targeted Drugs When Combined with Other Drugs: A Systematic and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

The development and use of HER2-targeted drugs has improved the prognosis of HER2-positive cancer patients. However, in addition to improved survival rates, treatment-induced adverse events and nontumor-related deaths have increased. We sought to assess the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events when HER2-targeted drugs are combined with other drugs.

Building consensus on the application of organoid-based drug sensitivity testing in cancer precision medicine and drug development.

Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have emerged as a promising platform for clinical and translational studies. A strong correlation exists between clinical outcomes and the use of PDOs to predict the efficacy of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. To standardize interpretation and enhance scientific communication in the field of cancer precision medicine, we revisit the concept of PDO-based drug sensitivity testing (DST).

Ischemic stroke due to stylocarotid artery syndrome: a case report and review.

Stylocarotid artery syndrome (SAS) is a rare variant of Eagle's syndrome that may lead to transient ischemic attack or stroke. The underlying pathophysiological mechanism involves compression of the internal carotid artery by an elongated styloid process (ESP), potentially resulting in vascular occlusion or dissection. An ESP exceeding 2.

The role of the size of affinity ligands in the detection and characterization of extracellular vesicles.

Surface proteins on the membrane of nano-sized extracellular vesicles (EVs) not only play crucial roles in cell-to-cell communication, but also are specific binding targets for EV detection, isolation and tracking. The low abundance of protein biomarkers on EV surface, the formation of clusters and the complex EV surface network impose significant challenges to the study of EVs. Employing bulky sized affinity ligands, such as antibodies, in the detection and characterization of these vesicles often result in reduced sensitivity of detection or poor quantification of proteins on the EV surface.

Assessment of OCT-Based Macular Curvature and Its Relationship with Macular Microvasculature in Children with Anisomyopia.

Introduction: To evaluate the intraocular differences in optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based macular curvature index (MCI) among children with anisomyopia and to investigate the relationship between MCI and the macular microvasculature.

Methods: Fifty-two schoolchildren with anisometropia > 2.00 D were enrolled and underwent comprehensive examinations including cycloplegic refraction, axial length (AL), and swept source OCT/OCT angiography.

Efficacy and safety of Yiqi Peiyuan granules for improving the short-term prognosis of patients with acute kidney injury: A multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial.

Background: Yiqi Peiyuan (YQPY) prescription, a composite prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to prevent or delay the continued deterioration of renal function after acute kidney injury (AKI) in some institutions and has shown considerable efficacy.

Objective: This is the first randomized controlled trial to assess efficacy and safety of YQPY for improving short-term prognosis in adult patients with AKI.

Design, Setting, Participants And Interventions: This is a prospective, double-blind, multicenter, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trial.

CDCA5-EEF1A1 interaction promotes progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by regulating mTOR signaling.

Background: Cell division cycle associated 5 (CDCA5) plays ontogenetic role in various human cancers. However, its specific function and regulatory mechanism in ccRCC remain uncertain.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry and western blots were performed to investigate the expression of CDCA5 in ccRCC tissues.

A discrete-event simulation model for assessing operating room efficiency of thoracic, gastrointestinal, and orthopedic surgeries.

Background: In hospital management, pinpointing steps that most enhance operating room (OR) throughput is challenging. While prior literature has utilized discrete event simulation (DES) to study specific strategies such as scheduling and resource allocation, our study examines an earlier planning phase, assessing all workflow stages to determine the most impactful steps for subsequent strategy development.

Methods: DES models real-world systems by simulating sequential events.

ITGB2-ICAM1 axis promotes liver metastasis in BAP1-mutated uveal melanoma with retained hypoxia and ECM signatures.

Purpose: Uveal melanoma (UM) with BAP1 inactivating mutations has a high risk of metastasis, but the mechanism behind BAP1 deficiency driving UM metastasis is unknown.

Methods: We analyzed the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) data comprised primary and metastatic UM with or without BAP1 mutations (MUTs) to reveal inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity among different groups. Then, an immune-competent mouse liver metastatic model was used to explore the role of ITGB2-ICAM1 in BAP1-associated UM metastasis.

A Transcription Factor ZNF384, Regulated by LINC00265, Activates the Expression of IFI30 to Stimulate Malignant Progression in Glioma.

Glioma remains one of the most challenging primary brain malignancies to treat. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs (mRNAs) are implicated in regulating the malignant phenotypes of cancers including glioma. This study aimed to elucidate the functions and mechanisms of lncRNA LINC00265 and mRNA IFI30 in the pathogenesis of glioma.

Chinese experts' consensus guideline on preimplantation genetic testing of monogenic disorders.

Recent developments in molecular biological technologies and genetic diagnostic methods, accompanying with updates of relevant terminologies, have enabled the improvements of new strategies of preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic (single gene) disorders (PGT-M) to prevent the transmission of inherited diseases. However, there has been much in the way of published consensus on PGT-M. To properly regulate the application of PGT-M, Chinese experts in reproductive medicine and genetics have jointly developed this consensus statement.

Mechanism of Yushenhuoxue prescription in treating endometriosis based on network pharmacology and the effect on the TNF pathway.

Endometriosis is a common disease in the field of gynaecology, exhibiting clinical manifestations such as dysmenorrhoea, pelvic masses, and infertility, affecting 2-10% of women of reproductive age worldwide. Currently, the acceptance rate of hormonal drugs in patients is low and certain side effects exist. In this study, based on network pharmacology, it was found that the Yushenhuoxue (YSHX) formula could potentially affect endometriosis through the TNF signalling pathway.

Assessment of the Prognostic Value of MRI Left Ventricular Global Function Index (LVGFI) in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease Under Maintenance Dialysis.

Background: Left ventricular global function index (LVGFI) integrates LV volumetric and functional parameters. In patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), cardiac injury manifests as LV hypertrophy and dysfunction. However, the prognostic value of LVGFI in this population remains unclear.

Single-cell transcriptomic profiling reveals immune cell heterogeneity in acute myeloid leukaemia peripheral blood mononuclear cells after chemotherapy.

Purpose: Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease characterised by the rapid clonal expansion of abnormally differentiated myeloid progenitor cells residing in a complex microenvironment. However, the immune cell types, status, and genome profile of the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) microenvironment in AML patients after chemotherapy are poorly understood. In order to explore the immune microenvironment of AML patients after chemotherapy, we conducted this study for providing insights into precision medicine and immunotherapy of AML.