Clinical application of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapy in colorectal cancer: Current strategies and future challenges.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health burden and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Cytokine induced killer (CIK) cell therapy is an immunotherapy which has the potential to meet this need. Clinical trials of CIK cell therapy for the management of CRC have reported improved clinical outcomes.

Use of cytokine-induced killer cell therapy in patients with colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The number of clinical studies evaluating the benefit of cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK) therapy, an adoptive immunotherapy, for colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing. In many of these trials, CIK therapy was coadministered with conventional cancer therapy. The aim of this review is to systematically assess the available literature, in which the majority were only in Chinese, on CIK therapy for the management of CRC using meta-analysis and to identify parameters associated with successful CIK therapy implementation.

Bone Marrow Lesions and Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Detected Structural Abnormalities in Patients With Midfoot Pain and Osteoarthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: To compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detected structural abnormalities in patients with symptomatic midfoot osteoarthritis (OA), patients with persistent midfoot pain, and asymptomatic controls, and to explore the association between MRI features, pain, and foot-related disability.

Methods: One hundred seven adults consisting of 50 patients with symptomatic and radiographically confirmed midfoot OA, 22 adults with persistent midfoot pain but absence of radiographic OA, and 35 asymptomatic adults underwent 3T MRI of the midfoot and clinical assessment. MRIs were read for the presence and severity of abnormalities (bone marrow lesions [BMLs], subchondral cysts, osteophytes, joint space narrowing [JSN], effusion-synovitis, tenosynovitis, and enthesopathy) using the Foot Osteoarthritis MRI Score.

Characterization of human nasal organoids from chronic rhinosinusitis patients.

Patient-derived organoids grown in three-dimensional cultures provide an excellent platform for phenotypic high-throughput screening and drug-response research. Organoid technology has been applied to study stem cell biology and various human pathologies. This study investigates the characteristics and cellular morphology of organoids derived from primary human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients.

Cytokine-Induced Modulation of SARS-CoV2 Receptor Expression in Primary Human Nasal Epithelial Cells.

: Viral entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) via the spike protein enables endocytosis into host cells using the ACE2 receptor and TMPRSS2. The frequent upper respiratory tract symptoms of COVID-19 and the localization of the virus to the nasopharynx, the most common site of swabbing, indicate that the sinonasal mucosa may play an important role in SARS-CoV2 infection and viral replication. This paper investigates the presence of ACE2 receptor and TMPRESS2 expression in the primary human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) from the following: chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and control (non-CRS) patients, and maps the expression changes when exposed to Th1, Th2, Th17-associated cytokines.

Antibiotics Affect ROS Production and Fibroblast Migration in an Model of Sinonasal Wound Healing.

Antibiotics are often administered to patients perioperatively and have been shown to affect ROS production of nasal cells , but their effect in the setting of active wound healing remains unclear. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to play a significant role in wound healing. This study analyzed a broad array of antibiotics used after sinus surgery to assess their effect on wound healing and ROS production .

The OMERACT Core Domain Set for Clinical Trials of Shoulder Disorders.

Objective: To reach consensus on the core domains to be included in a core domain set for clinical trials of shoulder disorders using the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Filter 2.1 Core Domain Set process.

Methods: At OMERACT 2018, the OMERACT Shoulder Working Group conducted a workshop that presented the OMERACT 2016 preliminary core domain set and its rationale based upon a systematic review of domains measured in shoulder trials and international Delphi sessions involving patients, clinicians, and researchers, as well as a new systematic review of qualitative studies on the experiences of people with shoulder disorders.

from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis show minimal genetic association between polyp and non-polyp phenotypes.

Background: has a high prevalence in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients and is suggested to play a more etiopathogenic role in CRS patients with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), a severe form of the CRS spectrum with poorer surgical outcomes. We performed a microbial genome-wide association study (mGWAS) to investigate whether isolates from CRS patients have particular genetic markers associated with CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) or CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP).

Methods: Whole genome sequencing was performed on isolates collected from 28 CRSsNP and 30 CRSwNP patients.

Next Generation Sequencing and the Microbiome of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Primer for Clinicians and Review of Current Research, Its Limitations, and Future Directions.

Objective: Microbiomics in chronic diseases, including chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), have undergone rapid advances in recent times. The introduction of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology has produced significant clinical insights regarding the bacteriology of these conditions. We review studies that have used 16S rRNA sequencing to specifically investigate the microbiota profiles of patients with CRS in a variety of contexts.

Th17 Cytokines Disrupt the Airway Mucosal Barrier in Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Cytokine mediated changes in paracellular permeability contribute to a multitude of pathological conditions including chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of interferons and of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines on respiratory epithelium barrier function. Cytokines and interferons were applied to the basolateral side of air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures of primary human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) from CRS with nasal polyp patients.

Cardiovascular Health in Anxiety or Mood Problems Study (CHAMPS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Previous psychological and pharmacological interventions have primarily focused on depression disorders in populations with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and the efficacy of anxiety disorder interventions is only more recently being explored. Transdiagnostic interventions address common emotional processes and the full range of anxiety and depression disorders often observed in populations with CVDs. The aim of CHAMPS is to evaluate the feasibility of a unified protocol (UP) for the transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders intervention in patients recently hospitalized for CVDs.

Staphylococcus aureus impairs the airway epithelial barrier in vitro.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a cluster of disorders that result in sinonasal mucosal inflammation. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is associated with severe and recalcitrant CRS.

The efficacy and safety of chitosan dextran gel in a burr hole neurosurgical sheep model.

Background: Achieving and maintaining haemostasis is of paramount importance in neurosurgery. Chitosan has been shown in both animal and human models to be significantly effective in haemostasis as well as in reducing adhesion formation.

Objectives: To evaluate the haemostatic potential and to study histopathological changes caused by novel chitosan dextran gel in a neurosurgical sheep model.

A human nasal explant model to study Staphylococcus aureus biofilm in vitro.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) biofilm has been associated with severe and recalcitrant cases of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, its role in the pathophysiology of this condition is not completely understood.

Gene expression differences in nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species regulation point to an altered innate immune response in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: The complex interplay between host, environment, and microbe in the etiopathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains unclear. This study focuses on the host-microbe interaction, specifically the regulation of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) against the pathogenic organism Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).

Single-incision laparoscopically assisted colectomy using standard laparoscopic instrumentation.

Background: A prospective case series of transumbilical single-incision laparoscopic colectomies using conventional laparoscopic trocars and instruments is described.

Methods: Seven selected patients with colonic neoplasm underwent transumbilical SIL colectomy between November 2008 and March 2009. Three trocars via a single small umbilical incision were used.

Review of Epstein-Barr virus and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder post-solid organ transplantation.

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) following solid organ transplantation is an important form of post-transplant malignancy. PTLD is typically associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and occurs in the setting of profound immunosuppression resulting in a deficiency of EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Predisposing factors include EBV mismatch between donor and recipient, use of immunosuppression especially T-cell depletive therapies and genetic predisposition of recipients.