Effect of low-volume combined aerobic and resistance high-intensity interval training on vascular health in people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial.

Purpose: We compared the effects of low-volume combined aerobic and resistance high-intensity interval training (C-HIIT), combined moderate-intensity continuous training (C-MICT) and waitlist control (CON) on vascular health after 8-weeks of supervised training, and an additional 10-months of self-directed training, in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Sixty-nine low active adults with T2D were randomised to 8-weeks of supervised C-HIIT (3 times/week, 78-min/week), C-MICT (current exercise guidelines, 4 times/week, 210-min/week) or CON. CON underwent usual care for 8-weeks before being re-randomised to C-HIIT or C-MICT.

Optimising Transitional Care Following a Heart Failure Hospitalisation in Australia.

Hospitalisations for heart failure (HF) are associated with high rates of readmission and death, the most vulnerable period being within the first few weeks post-hospital discharge. Effective transition of care from hospital to community settings for patients with HF can help reduce readmission and mortality over the vulnerable period, and improve long-term outcomes for patients, their family or carers, and the healthcare system. Planning and communication underpin a seamless transition of care, by ensuring that the changes to patients' management initiated in hospital continue to be implemented following discharge and in the long term.

New horizons in undergraduate geriatric medicine education.

Current projections show that between 2000 and 2050, increasing proportions of older individuals will be cared for by a smaller number of healthcare workers, which will exacerbate the existing challenges faced by those who support this patient demographic. This review of a collection of Age and Ageing papers on the topic in the past 10 years explores (1) what best practice geriatrics education is and (2) how careers in geriatrics could be made more appealing to improve recruitment and retention. Based on these deeper understandings, we consider, as clinician educators, how to close the gap both pragmatically and theoretically.

Pain-free bite force in a healthy population: Within-session test-retest reliability in different sitting positions.

Background: Pain-free bite force (PFBF) is a promising measure to evaluate bite function in temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), yet the reliability of the measure is unknown.

Objectives: Establish the (1) within-session test-retest reliability of PFBF in a healthy population for a single and mean of three trials in supported and unsupported sitting; (2) standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC).

Methods: Thirty healthy participants (n = 15 female, mean [SD] age = 34.

Comparative analysis of novel esophageal pressure monitoring catheters versus commercially available alternatives in a biomechanical model of the thoracic cavity.

Transpulmonary pressure can be estimated using esophageal balloon (EB) catheters, which come in a variety of manufacturing configurations. We assessed the performance of novel polyurethane EB designs, Aspisafe NG and NG+, against existing alternatives. We created a biomechanical model of the chest cavity using a plastic chamber and an ex-vivo porcine esophagus.

Long-term outcomes after hospitalization for atrial fibrillation or flutter.

Background And Aims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and flutter are common causes of hospitalizations but contemporary long-term outcomes following these episodes are uncertain. This study assessed outcomes up to 10 years after an acute AF or flutter hospitalization.

Methods: Patients hospitalized acutely with a primary diagnosis of AF or flutter from 2008-17 from all public and most private hospitals in Australia and New Zealand were included.

Implementing good life with osteoArthritis from Denmark (GLA:D®) in australian public hospitals. Part 1: Feasibility.

Background: Literature reporting positive outcomes from the Good Life with osteoArthritis in Denmark (GLA:D®) program in Australia mainly involves patients attending private physiotherapy services.

Objective: Evaluate the feasibility of implementing GLA:D® in Australian public hospitals.

Design: Implementation study in three metropolitan tertiary public hospitals over six months.

Changes in urinary glutathione sulfonamide (GSA) levels between admission and discharge of patients with cystic fibrosis.

There is an urgent need to develop sensitive, non-invasive biomarkers that can track airway inflammatory activity for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Urinary glutathione sulfonamide (GSA) levels correlate well with GSA levels in BAL samples and other markers of neutrophilic inflammation, suggesting that this biomarker may be suitable for tracking disease activity in this population. We recruited 102 children (median 11.

Predictive performance of the common red flags in emergency department headache patients: a HEAD and HEAD-Colombia study.

Objectives: Only a small proportion of patients presenting to an ED with headache have a serious cause. The SNNOOP10 criteria, which incorporates red and orange flags for serious causes, has been proposed but not well studied. This project aims to compare the proportion of patients with 10 commonly accepted red flag criteria (singly and in combination) between patients with and without a diagnosis of serious secondary headache in a large, multinational cohort of ED patients presenting with headache.

Intensive care unit follow-up clinic activities: a scoping review.

The importance of ongoing post-discharge follow-up to prevent functional impairment in patients discharged from intensive care units (ICUs) is being increasingly recognized. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review, which included existing ICU follow-up clinic methodologies using the CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and CINAHL databases from their inception to December 2022. Data were examined for country or region, outpatient name, location, opening days, lead profession, eligible patients, timing of the follow-up, and assessment tools.

Evolution of distal limb perfusion management in adult peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with femoral artery cannulation.

Limb ischaemia is a clinically relevant complication of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) with femoral artery cannulation. No selective distal perfusion or other advanced techniques were used in the past to maintain adequate distal limb perfusion. A more recent trend is the shift from the reactive or emergency management to the pro-active or prophylactic placement of a distal perfusion cannula to avoid or reduce limb ischaemia-related complications.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: Prematurely falling out of favour? A 7 year retrospective study from an Australian high-volume centre.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to audit 7 years of data with a 3 year follow up from a high-volume stone centre performing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) to evaluate efficacy in stone clearance compared to existing knowledge and understand reasons for this performance.

Methods: Patients who received ESWL treatment for renal or proximal ureteric stones at a single centre between January 2012 and January 2019 (to allow minimum 3 year follow up) were retrieved. A retrospective analysis was performed cross referencing for stone size, location, treatment and need for further procedures.

An International Survey of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Education and Credentialing Practices.

Background: The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has grown rapidly over the past decades because of evolving indications, advances in circuit technology, and encouraging results from modern trials. Because ECMO is a complex and highly invasive therapy that requires a multidisciplinary team, optimal education, training, and credentialing remain a challenge.

Objective: The primary objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and application of ECMO education and ECMO practitioner credentialing at ECMO centers globally.

Spot urinary sodium-guided titration of intravenous diuretic therapy in acute heart failure: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Spot urinary sodium concentration (UNa) is advocated in guidelines to assess diuretic response and titrate dosage in acute heart failure (AHF). However, no randomized controlled trial data exist to support this approach. We performed a prospective pilot trial to investigate the feasibility of this approach.

Atrial Shunt Device Effects on Cardiac Structure and Function in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: The REDUCE LAP-HF II Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Although the results of A Study to Evaluate the Corvia Medical Inc IASD System II to Reduce Elevated Left Atrial Pressure in Patients with Heart Failure (REDUCE LAP-HF II) trial were neutral overall, atrial shunt therapy demonstrated potential efficacy in responders (no latent pulmonary vascular disease and no cardiac rhythm management device). Post hoc analyses were conducted to evaluate the effect of shunt vs sham stratified by responder status.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of atrial shunt vs sham control on cardiac structure/function in the overall study and stratified by responder status.

Exploring adult inpatients' perceptions, understanding and preferences regarding the term 'malnutrition': A qualitative study.

Aims: To explore adult inpatients' perceptions, understanding and preferences regarding the term 'malnutrition' and to identify the terms that adult inpatients report are used by themselves and health workers to describe malnutrition.

Design: This qualitative study was conducted using data collected for a separate qualitative study that investigated factors that influence the dietary intake of long-stay, acute adult inpatients.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of current inpatients.

How far has diabetes-related foot disease research progressed in Australia? A bibliometric review (1970-2023).

Background: Diabetes-related foot disease (DFD) is a leading cause of the Australian and global disease burdens and requires proportionate volumes of research to address. Bibliometric analyses are rigorous methods for exploring total research publications in a field to help identify volume trends, gaps and emerging areas of need. This bibliometric review aimed to explore the volume, authors, institutions, journals, collaborating countries, research types and funding sources of Australian publications investigating DFD over 50 years.

Patient, surgical and hospital factors predicting actual first-day mobilisation after hip fracture surgery: An observational cohort study.

Objectives: To examine patient, surgical and hospital factors associated with Day-1 postoperative mobility after hip fracture surgery in older adults.

Methods: A cohort study using Australia and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry was conducted. Participants were aged older than 50 years and underwent hip fracture surgery between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2020 inclusive.

The introduction of a sound reduction bundle in the intensive care unit and its impact on sound levels and patients.

Background: ICU outcomes are continuing to improve. However, this has not been matched by similar improvements of the ICU bedspace environment, which can detrimentally impact on patient outcomes. Excessive sound and noise, especially, has been linked with adverse and potentially preventable patient outcomes and staff errors.

Competency domains for registered nurse preceptor professional development: Evidence from a modified e-Delphi study.

Aim: To develop an evidence-based framework of nurse preceptor competency domains and competency descriptors for use in nurse preceptor professional development.

Background: Nurse preceptors are registered nurses who coach, support and assess nursing students while simultaneously caring for patients. Working as both clinician and educator requires preceptors to develop additional skills.

Head-to-toe bedside ultrasound for adult patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Bedside ultrasound represents a well-suited diagnostic and monitoring tool for patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) who may be too unstable for transport to other hospital areas for diagnostic tests. The role of ultrasound, however, starts even before ECMO initiation. Every patient considered for ECMO should have a thorough ultrasonographic assessment of cardiac and valvular function, as well as vascular anatomy without delaying ECMO cannulation.

Experimental research in environmentally induced hyperthermic older persons: A systematic quantitative literature review mapping the available evidence.

The heat-related health burden is expected to persist and worsen in the coming years due to an aging global population and climate change. Defining the breadth and depth of our understanding of age-related changes in thermoregulation can identify underlying causes and strategies to protect vulnerable individuals from heat. We conducted the first systematic quantitative literature review to provide context to the historical experimental research of healthy older adults - compared to younger adults or unhealthy age matched cases - during exogenous heat strain, focusing on factors that influence thermoregulatory function (e.

SLAP Trial: Shock Wave Lithotripsy and Mechanical Percussion Therapy Post ESWL for Renal Calculi.

Methods: We conducted a prospective randomised control trial. Included patients were males and females greater than 18 years of age with single or multiple ipsilateral renal calculi of total ≤10 mm on plain X-ray and noncontrast CT KUB. ESWL was performed at a single centre, at supine position under general anaesthesia with maximum 3000 shocks at a rate of 100 shocks per minute.