Revision of the nomenclature of the differential host-pathogen interactions of Venturia inaequalis and Malus.

The apple scab (Venturia inaequalis-Malus) pathosystem was one of the first systems for which Flor's concept of gene-for-gene (GfG) relationships between the host plant and the pathogen was demonstrated. There is a rich resource of host resistance genes present in Malus germplasm that could potentially be marshalled to confer durable resistance against this most important apple disease. A comprehensive understanding of the host-pathogen interactions occurring in this pathosystem is a prerequisite for effectively manipulating these host resistance factors.

A simple and rapid method for selecting high producers of recombinant proteins in individual clones of P. pastoris.

The identification of clones expressing high levels of recombinant protein in Pichia pastoris is usually dependant upon SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, or bioactivity-based assays that are labour and time-consuming. We describe a rapid method that images green fluorescence protein (GFP) of individual P. pastoris clones transformed with vectors that express the proteins as GFP C- terminal fusion.

Blackcurrant proanthocyanidins augment IFN-gamma-induced suppression of IL-4 stimulated CCL26 secretion in alveolar epithelial cells.

Epidemiological studies reveal that fruit consumption reduces the prevalence of airway inflammation and childhood asthma. In particular, blackcurrant polyphenolic extracts have been shown to alleviate lung inflammation. Since IL-4-stimulated eotaxin-3 (CCL26) secretion is a major factor in the continuous eosinophil recruitment observed in atopic asthma, our focus was to evaluate the effectiveness of blackcurrant polyphenolic compounds on CCL26 secretion in human alveolar epithelial cells.

The enantiomeric composition of linalool and linalool oxide in the flowers of kiwifruit (Actinidia) species.

A survey of linalool enantiomers in kiwifruit (Actinidia) flowers was conducted to determine their potential as sources of these valuable floral fragrances, and revealed a wide range of enantiomeric ratios. While flowers of A. polygama and A.

Heterologous expression, isotopic-labeling and immuno-characterization of Cin1, a novel protein secreted by the phytopathogenic fungus Venturia inaequalis.

The phytopathogenic fungus Venturia inaequalis causes scab of apple. Once this fungus penetrates the plant surface, it forms a specialized body called a stroma between the inner cuticle surface and the epidermal cell wall. A novel V.