Plant-derived Pembrolizumab in conjugation with IL-15Rα-IL-15 complex shows effective anti-tumor activity.

Anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have proven to be effective in treating various cancers, including colorectal, lung, and melanoma. Despite their clinical success, some patients develop resistance to mAbs, requiring co-treatments with radio- or chemotherapy. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is an immunostimulatory cytokine that promotes immune cell production and proliferation.

Structure, Function, and Biosynthesis of Siderophores Produced by Species.

Since the natural supply of iron is low, microorganisms acquire iron by secreting siderophores. is known for its abundant secondary metabolites containing various types of siderophores, including hydroxamate, catecholate, and carboxylate. These siderophores are mainly synthesized through the nonribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS) and non-NRPS pathways and are regulated by ferric uptake regulator and diphtheria toxin regulators.

Efficacy of virtual reality balance training on rehabilitation outcomes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to clarify the rehabilitation efficacy of virtual reality (VR) balance training after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods: This meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO with the registration number CRD42024520383. The electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang Digital Periodical database were systematically searched to identify eligible studies from their inception up to January 2024.

DCFE-YOLO: A novel fabric defect detection method.

Accurate detection of fabric defects is crucial for quality control in the textile industry. However, the task of fabric defect detection remains highly challenging due to the complex textures and diverse defect patterns. To address the issues of inaccurate localization and false positives caused by complex textures and varying defect sizes, this paper proposes an improved YOLOv8-based fabric defect detection method.

Revealing the Potential-Dependent Rate-Determining Step of Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Single-Atom Catalysts.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted widespread attention due to their potential to replace platinum-based catalysts in achieving efficient oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), yet the rational optimization of SACs remains challenging due to their elusive reaction mechanisms. Herein, by employing ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and a thermodynamic integration method, we have constructed the potential-dependent free energetics of ORR on a single iron atom catalyst dispersed on nitrogen-doped graphene (Fe-N/C) and further integrated these parameters into a microkinetic model. We demonstrate that the rate-determining step (RDS) of the ORR on SACs is potential-dependent rather than invariant within the operative potential range.

Assessing the global dynamics of Nipah infection under vaccination and treatment: A novel computational modeling approach.

In biology and life sciences, fractal theory and fractional calculus have significant applications in simulating and understanding complex problems. In this paper, a compartmental model employing Caputo-type fractional and fractal-fractional operators is presented to analyze Nipah virus (NiV) dynamics and transmission. Initially, the model includes nine nonlinear ordinary differential equations that consider viral concentration, flying fox, and human populations simultaneously.

Impact of communication anxiety on L2 WTC of middle school students: Mediating effects of growth language mindset and language learning motivation.

Previous research has shown a connection between communication anxiety and willingness to communicate (WTC) among English as a foreign/second language (L2) learners. Nonetheless, the potential mediating roles of learners' beliefs like growth language mindset and language learning motivation have not been thoroughly investigated, particularly in the context of middle school language learners. This study aimed to explore the relationship between communication anxiety and L2 WTC by considering the mediating roles of growth language mindset and language learning motivation.

Study on the effect of water content on physical properties of bentonite.

Moisture content profoundly influences the engineering properties of expansive soil, a critical consideration in various geotechnical applications. This study delves into the intricate relationship between water content and the physical properties of bentonite, a key constituent of expansive soil. Through a comprehensive analysis encompassing fundamental physical properties, rheological characteristics, permeability behavior, and microscopic features, we elucidate the complex interplay between water content and bentonite behavior.

Revolutionizing faculty's intrinsic work motivation in China: A novel serial mediation model integrating value-based leadership, growth mindset, and teaching self-efficacy.

This study presents a revolutionary understanding of how value-based leadership enhances the intrinsic work motivation of Chinese university faculty. A novel serial mediation model is introduced, highlighting the interplay between growth mindset and teaching self-efficacy in transmitting the impact of leadership to increased intrinsic motivation. Utilizing a comprehensive sample of 394 faculty members from across China, advanced SmartPLS 3.

Math-anxious people suffer more in math-related events: The perspective of reward processing on motivated behavior.

Individuals with high math anxiety (HMA) demonstrate a tendency to avoid math-related tasks, a behavior that perpetuates a detrimental cycle of limited practice, poor performance, increased anxiety, and further avoidance. This study delves into the cognitive and neural bases of math avoidance behavior in HMA through the lens of reward processing. In Experiment 1, participants reported their satisfaction level in response to the reward provided after solving an arithmetic problem.

Comparative effectiveness of acupoint stimulation for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting after general anesthesia: A network meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of different acupoint stimulation techniques in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after general anesthesia.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase for relevant papers, about the effect of acupoint stimulation for preventing PONV from their inception to July 31, 2023. Two reviewers performed study screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment.

Sewing: A New Quilting Suture Method for Nasal Septum Repair.

A deviated nasal septum leads to congestion and headaches. Surgery is the primary treatment, requiring careful postoperative septum positioning to prevent bleeding and hematoma. The study compared this method with nasal packing and traditional nasal septum suturing regarding surgical time, patient pain, nasal obstruction, and bleeding after septoplasty.

Directed Evolution of Multicyclic Peptides Using Yeast Display for Sensitive and Selective Fluorescent Analysis of CD28 on the Cell Surface.

CD28 is a costimulatory receptor that provides the second signal necessary for T-cell activation and is associated with diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and cancer. Targeting CD28 is crucial for both functional bioanalysis and therapeutic development. Molecular probes, particularly fluorescent probes, can enhance our understanding of CD28's cellular roles.

Creation of Piezoelectricity in Quadruple Perovskite Oxides by Harnessing Cation Defects and Their Application in Piezo-Photocatalysis.

Quadruple perovskite oxides have received extensive attention in electronics and catalysis, owing to their cation-ordering structure and intriguing physical properties. However, their repertoires still remain limited. In particular, piezoelectricity from quadruple perovskites has been rarely reported due to the frustrated symmetry-breaking transition in A-site-ordered perovskite structures, disabling their piezoelectric applications.

Molecular and clinical traits of HER2-low breast cancer patients and their relationship with neoadjuvant treatment effectiveness.

Background: We aimed to investigate the clinical and molecular characteristics of different degrees of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein expression in HER2-negative breast cancer and the related factors affecting the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-low breast cancer patients.

Methods: The study endpoint was pathological complete remission (PCR). Blood specimens and fresh cancer tissue samples were collected before neoadjuvant chemotherapy for whole-exon sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and patients were divided into a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low group and a HER2-0 group according to their HER2 expression status via bioinformatics analysis.

Maternal Gut Inflammation Aggravates Acute Liver Failure Through Facilitating Ferroptosis via Altering Gut Microbial Metabolism in Offspring.

Microbial transmission from mother to infant is important for offspring microbiome formation and health. However, it is unclear whether maternal gut inflammation (MGI) during lactation influences mother-to-infant microbial transmission and offspring microbiota and disease susceptibility. In this study, it is found that MGI during lactation altered the gut microbiota of suckling pups by shaping the maternal microbiota in the gut and mammary glands.

WDR62 mediates MAPK/ERK pathway to stimulate DNA damage repair and attenuate cisplatin sensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma.

Chemotherapy resistance has long stood in the way of therapeutic advancement for lung cancer patients, the malignant tumor with the highest incidence and fatality rate in the world. Patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) now have a dismal prognosis due to the development of cisplatin (DDP) resistance, forcing them to use more costly second-line therapies. Therefore, overcoming resistance and enhancing patient outcomes can be achieved by comprehending the regulatory mechanisms of DDP resistance in LUAD.

Clinical efficacy of pyrotinib combined with chemotherapy for neoadjuvant treatment in HER2-positive breast cancer: a single-center study.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of pyrotinib, an orally administered small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in treating patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. Pyrotinib works by inhibiting the HER2 signaling pathway, thereby preventing tumor cell growth. This single-arm clinical trial aimed to assess the total pathological complete response (tpCR; ypT0/is and ypN0) rate as the primary endpoint.

Construction of CuMoS/ZnO Heterostructures and Mechanism of Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production.

Constructing wide and narrow band gap heterogeneous semiconductors is a method to improve the activity of photocatalysts. In this paper, CMS/ZnO heterojunctions were prepared by solvothermal loading of ZnO particles on the surface of CuMoS nanosheets. The photocatalytic H precipitation rate is about 545 μmol·g·h, which is 6.

Multi-Emitting Ratiometric Temperature Sensing and Tunable White Light Emitting Based on Effective Energy Transfer in a Lanthanide-Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid Coordination Polymer.

Isostructured lanthanide-Brønsted acidic ionic liquid coordination polymers, {[Ln(CHNO)(HO)]Cl} (LnIMDC(HO), Ln = Eu, Gd, or Tb, CHNO = [IMDC]) and {[EuTb(CHNO)(HO)]Cl} (EuTbIMDC(HO))), have been synthesized using 1,3-bis(carboxymethyl) imidazolium chloride ([HIMDC]Cl) as linkers. LnIMDC(HO) (Ln = Eu or Tb) and EuTbIMDC(HO) exhibit good temperature sensing performance over a wide temperature range with maximum sensitivities of 2.73%·K (392 K) and 2.

Late-Stage C-H Functionalization of Dehydroalanine-Containing Peptides with Arylthianthrenium Salts and Its Application in Synthesis of Tentoxin Analogue.

Dehydrophenylalanine has a characteristic unsaturated double bond that makes it indispensable in the context of peptides and proteins. In this study, we report the Pd-catalyzed C(sp)-H arylation of dehydroalanine-containing peptides with arylthianthrenium salts under mild and base free conditions, which provides efficient access to dehydrophenylalanine-containing peptides. This approach enables the efficient coupling of different drug scaffolds and bioactive molecules to the peptides.

Identification and validation of mitochondria-related LncRNA signatures as a novel prognostic model for glioma.

A predictive model for long-term survival is needed, and mitochondrial dysfunction is a key feature of cancer metabolism, though its link to glioma is not well understood. The aim of this study was to identify the molecular characteristics associated with glioma prognosis and explore its potential function. We analyzed RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and identified differentially expressed mitochondrial long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) using R's 'limma' package.

Inhalable Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Promising Delivery Platform for Pulmonary Diseases Treatment.

Inhalation delivery, offering a direct pathway for administering drugs to the lungs in the form of dry powders or aerosols, stands out as an optimal approach for the localized treatment of pulmonary diseases. However, the intricate anatomical architecture of the lung often poses challenges in maintaining effective drug concentrations within the lungs over extended periods. This highlights the pressing need to develop rational inhalable drug delivery systems that can improve treatment outcomes for respiratory diseases.

Sequential intranasal booster triggers class switching from intramuscularly primed IgG to mucosal IgA against SARS-CoV-2.

The persistent emergence of COVID-19 variants and recurrent waves of infection worldwide underscores the urgent need for vaccines that effectively reduce viral transmission and prevent infections. Current intramuscular (IM) COVID-19 vaccines inadequately protect the upper respiratory mucosa. In response, we have developed a nonadjuvanted, interferon-armed SARS-CoV-2 fusion protein vaccine with IM priming and intranasal (IN) boost sequential immunization.

Kinetic Control of Self-Assembly Pathway in Dual Dynamic Covalent Polymeric Systems.

Kinetically controlled self-assembly is garnering increasing interest in the field of supramolecular polymers and materials, yet examples involving dynamic covalent exchange remain relatively unexplored. Here we report an unexpected dynamic covalent polymeric system whose aqueous self-assembly pathway is strongly influenced by the kinetics of evaporation of water. The key design is to integrate dual dynamic covalent bonds-including disulfide bonds and boroxine/borate-into a dynamic equilibrium system of monomers, polymers, and materials.