Typical and Emerging Diagnostic MRI Features in Multiple Sclerosis.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) stands as the most sensitive paraclinical technique for detecting the demyelinating lesions characteristic of multiple sclerosis (MS). Consequently, MRI plays a pivotal role in establishing an accurate and timely diagnosis of the disease, ultimately based on the application of the McDonald criteria. Early diagnosis is particularly important as it facilitates the prompt initiation of disease-modifying treatments, deemed most effective during the initial phases of MS.

The Impact of Virtual Monoenergetic Imaging on Visualization of the Cervical Spinal Canal.

Rationale And Objectives: Our purpose is to explore the role of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) and virtual monoenergetic energy levels in reducing shoulder artifact to improve visualization of the cervical spinal canal.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of 171 consecutive DECT scans of the neck (95 male, 65 female; mean age, 60.9 years, ranging from 18 to 88 years; with 11 excluded because of nondiagnostic image quality) during an 8-month period was performed with postprocessing of monoenergetic images at 50, 70, 100, and 140 keV.

Association between vascular calcification in intracranial vertebrobasilar circulation and luminal stenosis.

Introduction: The study aims to assess the correlation and association between calcium burden and luminal stenosis in the vertebrobasilar circulation.

Methods: We evaluated 166 patients [mean age, 79.8 ± 8.

Papilledema: A Review of the Pathophysiology, Imaging Findings, and Mimics.

Increased intracranial pressure is the most common cause of papilledema. Multiple etiologies such as cerebral edema, hydrocephalus, space occupying lesions, infection, and idiopathic intracranial hypertension among others should be considered. Imaging plays a critical role in the detection of pathologies that can cause papilledema.

Qualitative Assessment of Advanced MRI in Post-Treatment High Grade Gliomas Follow Up: Do We Agree?

Purpose: MRI is commonly used in follow up of high grade glioma. Our purpose is to assess the interrater agreement on the increasingly used visual qualitative assessment of various conventional and advanced MR techniques in the setting of treated high grade glioma in comparison to the well established quantitative measurements.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled HGG patients who underwent reresection of a new enhancing lesion on post-treatment 3T MR examination including DWI, DCE and DSC sequences.

Subcallosal haemorrhage as a sign of diffuse axonal injury in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Aim: To identify the relationship between subcallosal haemorrhage and diffuse axonal injury (DAI) grading.

Materials And Methods: Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of all patients with traumatic brain injury over the past 5 years were reviewed. Subcallosal haemorrhage was defined as the presence of haemorrhage on admission CT underneath the corpus callosum.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Centrally Restricted Diffusion in the Differentiation of Treatment-Related Necrosis from Tumor Recurrence in High-Grade Gliomas.

Background And Purpose: Centrally restricted diffusion has been demonstrated in recurrent high-grade gliomas treated with bevacizumab. Our purpose was to assess the accuracy of centrally restricted diffusion in the diagnosis of radiation necrosis in high-grade gliomas not treated with bevacizumab.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, we enrolled patients with high-grade gliomas who developed a new ring-enhancing necrotic lesion and who underwent re-resection.

Uncommon Cranial Meningioma: Key Imaging Features on Conventional and Advanced Imaging.

Given the high incidence of intracranial meningiomas encountered in clinical practice, it is not uncommon to find rare subtypes of meningioma, with unusual imaging findings. These commonly represent a diagnostic challenge. In this article, we review the imaging appearance of typical meningioma on conventional and advanced imaging as well as the key imaging features of multiple uncommon subtypes: cystic, microcystic, lipomatous, chordoid, angiomatous, intraosseous, extracranial, atypical/malignant, and tumor-to-tumor metastasis (also known as collision tumors).

Central nervous system tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) has shown a resurgence in nonendemic populations in recent years and accounts for 8 million deaths annually in the world. Central nervous system involvement is one of the most serious forms of this infection, acting as a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The rising number of cases in developed countries is mostly attributed to factors such as the pandemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and increased migration in a globalized world.

MRI of the brachial plexus: modified imaging technique leading to a better characterization of its anatomy and pathology.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice for the evaluation of the brachial plexus due to its superior soft tissue resolution and multiplanar capabilities. The evaluation of the brachial plexus however represents a diagnostic challenge for the clinician and the radiologist. The imaging assessment of the brachial plexus, in particular, has been traditionally challenging due to the complexity of its anatomy, its distribution in space and due to technical factors.