An Assimilative Effect of Stimulus Co-Occurrence on Evaluation Despite Contrasting Relational Information.

The co-occurrence of a neutral stimulus with affective stimuli typically causes the neutral stimulus's evaluation to shift toward the affective stimuli's valence. Does that assimilative effect occur even when one knows the co-occurrence is due to an opposition relation between the stimuli (e.g.

Batesian mimicry or general food deception? An evolutionary game between plants for pollinator services.

Floral food deception is a well-known phenomenon which is not thoroughly understood. Particularly, it is unclear what drives a plant towards Batesian mimicry or towards generalized food deception. We analysed the evolutionary game between a Model species with nectar-secreting flowers and a Deceiver species that provides no nectar who share pollinators for reproduction.

SEEG-RF for revealing and treating Geschwind syndrome's epileptic network: A case study.

Stereotypic neural networks are repeatedly activated in drug-refractory epilepsies (DRE), reinforcing the expression of certain psycho-affective traits. Geschwind syndrome (GS) can serve as a model for such phenomena among patients with temporal lobe DRE. We describe stereo-electroencephalogram (SEEG) exploration in a 34-year-old male with DRE and GS, and his treatment by SEEG-radiofrequency (SEEG-RF) ablation.

A telemetry study shows that an endangered nocturnal avian species roosts in extremely dry habitats to avoid predation.

Describing animal space use is essential for understanding their ecological needs and for planning effective conservation schemes. Notably, certain biomes and life histories are understudied due to methodological challenges in tracking animals in their natural habitats. Specifically, both arid environments and nocturnal species are not sufficiently researched compared to diurnal species and to other biomes.

Top-down identification of keystone taxa in the microbiome.

Keystone taxa in ecological communities are native taxa that play an especially important role in the stability of their ecosystem. However, we still lack an effective framework for identifying these taxa from the available high-throughput sequencing without the notoriously difficult step of reconstructing the detailed network of inter-specific interactions. In addition, while most microbial interaction models assume pair-wise relationships, it is yet unclear whether pair-wise interactions dominate the system, or whether higher-order interactions are relevant.

Individualized network analysis reveals a link between the gut microbiome, diet intervention and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), a serious complication during pregnancy which is defined by abnormal glucose regulation, is commonly treated by diabetic diet and lifestyle changes. While recent findings place the microbiome as a natural mediator between diet interventions and diverse disease states, its role in GDM is still unknown. Here, based on observation data from healthy pregnant control group and GDM patients, we developed a new network approach using patterns of co-abundance of microorganism to construct microbial networks that represent human-specific information about gut microbiota in different groups.

Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome in Israel-Novel Findings from a New National Center.

Background: Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is a rare autosomal-dominant disorder of the autonomic nervous system that results from mutations in the gene. A national CCHS center was founded in Israel in 2018. Unique new findings were observed.

Achieving pan-microbiome biological insights via the dbBact knowledge base.

16S rRNA amplicon sequencing provides a relatively inexpensive culture-independent method for studying microbial communities. Although thousands of such studies have examined diverse habitats, it is difficult for researchers to use this vast trove of experiments when interpreting their own findings in a broader context. To bridge this gap, we introduce dbBact - a novel pan-microbiome resource.

A structured jet explains the extreme GRB 221009A.

Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are powerful cosmic explosions, signaling the death of massive stars. Among them, GRB 221009A is by far the brightest burst ever observed. Because of its enormous energy ( ≈ 10 erg) and proximity ( ≈ 0.

Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) above and beyond: Teachers' OCB during COVID-19.

The study investigated teachers' organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey's quantitative analysis (N = 299) revealed that Israeli teachers reported more OCBs "during COVID-19″ than "before COVID-19," mostly towards students, less towards the school and parents, and least towards colleagues. The qualitative analysis enabled the identification of the unique construct of teacher OCB during the pandemic, composed of six categories: promoting academic achievement, investing extra time, providing support to students, use of technology, compliance with regulations, and compliance with role changes.

Time-dependent dynamics of radio-frequency-bunched ions in an electrostatic ion beam trap.

The dynamics of ions in an electrostatic ion beam trap in the presence of an external time-dependent field is studied with a recently developed particle-in-cell simulation technique. The simulation technique, capable of accounting for space-charge effects, has reproduced all the experimental results on the bunch dynamics in the radio frequency mode. With simulation, the motion of ions is visualized in phase space and it is shown that the ion-ion interaction strongly affects the distribution of ions in phase space in the presence of an rf driving voltage.

From face-to-face to online: Teachers' perceived experiences in online distance teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The urgent shift to online distance teaching and learning during the Covid-19 pandemic presented teachers with unique pedagogical, technological, and psychological challenges. The aim of this study was to map the main positive and negative experiences of teachers during this transition, as well as to examine intra- and interpersonal factors that affected teachers' ability to cope effectively with the challenges of online distance teaching. We used a mixed-method approach that combined qualitative (interviews) and quantitative (questionnaires) analyses.

The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein structure: a symmetry tale on distortion trail.

A preliminary step in the SARS-CoV-2 human infection process is a conformational change of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of its spike protein, characterized by a significant loss of symmetry. During this process, the residues which later on bind to the human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, become exposed at the surface of the protein. Symmetry analysis of a data set of 33 protein structures from experimental measurements and 32 structures from molecular dynamics simulation, show that the initial state carries clear indications on the structure of the final state, with respect to the local distortion along the sequence.

Magnetic field reversal in the turbulent environment around a repeating fast radio burst.

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are brief, intense flashes of radio waves from unidentified extragalactic sources. Polarized FRBs originate in highly magnetized environments. We report observations of the repeating FRB 20190520B spanning 17 months, which show that the FRB's Faraday rotation is highly variable and twice changes sign.

Selected cannabis terpenes synergize with THC to produce increased CB1 receptor activation.

The cannabis plant exerts its pharmaceutical activity primarily by the binding of cannabinoids to two G protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2. The role that cannabis terpenes play in this activation has been considered and debated repeatedly, based on only limited experimental results. In the current study we used a controlled in-vitro heterologous expression system to quantify the activation of CB1 receptors by sixteen cannabis terpenes individually, by tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) alone and by THC-terpenes mixtures.

Exposure to a nocturnal light pulse simultaneously and differentially affects stridulation and locomotion behaviors in crickets.

It is crucial for living organisms to be in synchrony with their environment and to anticipate circadian and annual changes. The circadian clock is responsible for entraining organisms' activity to the day-night rhythmicity. Artificial light at night (ALAN) was shown to obstruct the natural light cycle, leading to desynchronized behavioral patterns.

Magnesium oxide-water compounds at megabar pressure and implications on planetary interiors.

Magnesium Oxide (MgO) and water (HO) are abundant in the interior of planets. Their properties, and in particular their interaction, significantly affect the planet interior structure and thermal evolution. Here, using crystal structure predictions and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, we find that MgO and HO can react again at ultrahigh pressure, although Mg(OH) decomposes at low pressure.

A reversible mutation in a genomic hotspot saves bacterial swarms from extinction.

Microbial adaptation to changing environmental conditions is frequently mediated by hypermutable sequences. Here we demonstrate that such a hypermutable hotspot within a gene encoding a flagellar unit of generated spontaneous non-swarming mutants with increased stress resistance. These mutants, which survived conditions that eliminated wild-type cultures, could be carried by their swarming siblings when the colony spread, consequently increasing their numbers at the spreading edge.

A novel davunetide (NAPVSIPQQ to NAPVSIPQE) point mutation in activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) causes a mild developmental syndrome.

NAP (NAPVSIPQ, drug candidate name, davunetide) is the neuroprotective fragment of activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP). Recent studies identified NAPVSIP as a Src homology 3 (SH3) domain-ligand association site, responsible for controlling signalling pathways regulating the cytoskeleton. Furthermore, the SIP motif in NAP/ADNP was identified as crucial for direct microtubule end-binding protein interaction facilitating microtubule dynamics and Tau microtubule interaction, at the microtubule end-binding protein site EB1 and EB3.

Thermometry of stored molecular ion beams.

The radiative cooling of a stored, initially rotationally hot OH[Formula: see text] ion beam is probed by photodetachment using an electrostatic ion beam trap combined with an in-trap velocity map imaging spectrometer, providing direct measurement of the time-dependent rotational population. The rotational temperatures are estimated from photodetached electron spectra as a function of time using a Boltzmann distribution model and further verified by a rate law model using known Einstein coefficients. We demonstrate that during the entire cooling time, the rotational population can be well described by a Boltzmann distribution.

Hematologist Bracha Ramot (1927-2006): Between the bedside and the bench.

The Hebrew University of Jerusalem opened the first medical school in Israel in May 1949. One of the select 45 students of its first class was Bracha (Chweidan) Ramot. After completing her medical studies with distinction, she went on to specialize in internal medicine and hematology and soon became a central figure in the development of hematology in Israel.

Differences in homologous recombination and maintenance of heteropolyploidy between Haloferax volcanii and Haloferax mediterranei.

Polyploidy, the phenomenon of having more than one copy of the genome in an organism, is common among haloarchaea. While providing short-term benefits for DNA repair, polyploidy is generally regarded as an "evolutionary trap" that by the notion of the Muller's ratchet will inevitably conclude in the species' decline or even extinction due to a gradual reduction in fitness. In most reported cases of polyploidy in archaea, the genetic state of the organism is considered as homoploidy i.

G Protein-Coupled Receptors Regulated by Membrane Potential.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are involved in a vast majority of signal transduction processes. Although they span the cell membrane, they have not been considered to be regulated by the membrane potential. Numerous studies over the last two decades have demonstrated that several GPCRs, including muscarinic, adrenergic, dopaminergic, and glutamatergic receptors, are voltage regulated.

Steric Hindrance of NH Diffusion on Pt(111) by Co-Adsorbed O-Atoms.

A detailed velocity-resolved kinetics study of NH thermal desorption rates from (2 × 2) O/Pt(111) is presented. We find a large reduction in the NH desorption rate due to adsorption of O-atoms on Pt(111). A physical model describing the interactions between adsorbed NH and O-atoms explains these observations.

Comparison of Sense of Humor and Burnout in Surgeons and Internal Medicine Physicians.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate humor styles in surgeons and internists and investigate the association between humor and burnout.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of physicians in surgical and medicine departments was conducted, assessing sense of humor and burnout using the Humor Styles Questionnaire and the Emotional Exhaustion subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel.

Results: For 131 surgeons and 72 internists, no differences in humor styles were found.