Milieu Management and Therapeutic Groups in Inpatient Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Units.

The therapeutic milieu has long been considered an essential mechanism of recovery for youth requiring inpatient psychiatric admissions. However, with increasing demand for crisis services, shrinking length of stay, rising patient acuity, and critical workforce shortages, innovation is necessary to maintain the goals of the therapeutic milieu (and equip the workforce to meet this challenge). This review surveys the evolution of the goals of milieu therapy over time, evidence for increasing challenges, and initial evidence for possible solutions.

Outcomes of Hydroxyapatite Bone Cement for Craniofacial Reconstruction in 1983 Patients.

Background: Hydroxyapatite bone cement (HABC) has evolved to have diverse applications in craniofacial reconstruction. This ranges from filling cranial defects to secondary contouring of residual defects after primary surgeries. This study aims to determine patient outcomes after reconstruction with HABCs.

Corrigendum: Myelomodulatory treatments augment the therapeutic benefit of oncolytic viroimmunotherapy in murine models of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.

Developing a Sustainable Quality Improvement Program in an Academic Center: The Experience of an Adolescent Unit.

Introduction: Successful quality improvement (QI) efforts use a comprehensive, institutional QI framework and professional development, but literature describing implementing QI frameworks in Adolescent Medicine practices is sparse. We aimed to implement and increase the number of formally structured QI projects (primary aim) and the number of projects achieving a centerline (CL) shift (secondary aim) in our hospital's Adolescent Medicine Clinic.

Methods: We used formal QI methodology to improve health outcomes by increasing the number of faculty with formalized QI education, creating interdisciplinary QI teams, and improving staff motivation.

Can we do better at measuring patient-reported outcomes after cranioplasty? A systematic review.

Measuring quality of life (QOL) after cranioplasty is increasingly evident as a necessary component of patient-centered care. For data to be useful in clinical decision-making and approval of new therapies, studies must utilize valid and reliable instruments. Our objective was to critically appraise studies evaluating QOL in adult cranioplasty patients and determine validity and relevance of the patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used.

Implementing Evidence-Based, Electronic, Substance-Use Screening in a Primary Care Clinic.

Purpose: Substance use is common among adolescents, and among those with substance use disorders; use often persists into middle age, underlying the importance of early detection and treatment. The goal of this quality improvement project was to increase the electronic substance use screening rate of adolescents presenting for preventative health visits from 0% to 50% between March 2021 and September 2021.

Methods: This is an ongoing quality improvement project.

Krankheitsreste: The residual signs of catatonia. A case series.

Background: Catatonic signs were first described by 19th- and 20th-century researchers. An important concept known as "Krankheitsreste," or the residual signs of catatonia, was described by Kraepelin in 1896. Modern researchers describe patients who demonstrate "partial response to the treatment of catatonia with residual signs.

Injectable three-dimensional tumor microenvironments to study mechanobiology in ovarian cancer.

Epithelial ovarian cancers are among the most aggressive forms of gynecological malignancies. Despite the advent of poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) and checkpoint inhibitors, improvement to patient survival has been modest. Limited in part by clinical translation, beneficial therapeutic strategies remain elusive in ovarian cancers.

Executive Summary of the Uterine Cancer Evidence Review Conference.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recognized the need for educational materials for clinicians on the prevention and early diagnosis of gynecologic cancers. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists convened a panel of experts in evidence review from the Society for Academic Specialists in General Obstetrics and Gynecology and content experts from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology to review relevant literature, best practices, and existing practice guidelines as a first step toward developing evidence-based educational materials for women's health care clinicians about uterine cancer. Panel members conducted structured literature reviews, which were then reviewed by other panel members and discussed at a virtual meeting of stakeholder professional and patient advocacy organizations in January 2021.

Health Disparities in Uterine Cancer: Report From the Uterine Cancer Evidence Review Conference.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recognized the need for educational materials for clinicians on the prevention and early diagnosis of gynecologic cancers. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists convened a panel of experts in evidence review from the Society for Academic Specialists in General Obstetrics and Gynecology and content experts from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology to review relevant literature, best practices, and existing practice guidelines for the development of evidence-based educational materials for women's health care clinicians about uterine cancer. This article is the evidence summary of the literature review of health disparities and inequities related to uterine cancer.

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) presenting as a cystic retroareolar lesion in an African American man.

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in males is rare, and there are limited data aimed at understanding the adequate workup, imaging, and follow-up for men who present with breast masses. Attention should be given to black men who have a higher cancer risk and worse prognosis than white male counterparts.

Do monogenic inborn errors of immunity cause susceptibility to severe COVID-19?

The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19, has been associated globally with substantial morbidity and mortality. Numerous reports over the past year have described the clinical and immunological profiles of COVID-19 patients, and while some trends have emerged for risk stratification, they do not provide a complete picture. Therefore, efforts are ongoing to identify genetic susceptibility factors of severe disease.

Sexual Health Education in Obstetrics and Gynecology (Ob-Gyn) Residencies-A Resident Physician Survey.

Background: Many women will experience a sexual health concern and present to their Obstetrics and Gynecology (Ob-Gyn) care provider, yet a large portion of graduating Ob-Gyn resident physicians in the United States may not feel comfortable helping patients with some sexual health issues.

Aim: To perform a cross-sectional study of U.S.

Incorporation of 3D stereophotogrammetry as a reliable method for assessing scar volume in standard clinical practice.

Significant disfigurement and dysfunction is caused by hypertrophic scarring, a prevalent complication of burn wounds. A lack of objective tools in the assessment of scar parameters makes evaluation of scar treatment modalities difficult. 3D stereophotogrammetry, obtaining measurements from 3D photographs, represents a method to quantitate scar volume, and a 3D camera may have use in clinical practice.

Radiofrequency Interference in the Clinical Laboratory.

Objectives: Radiofrequency interference (RFI) is a known medical device safety issue, but there are no documented cases of interference resulting in erroneous laboratory results.

Methods: We investigated unexpected failure of a hematology analyzer resulting in erroneous WBC counts. Hardware failure was initially suspected, but temporal association with increased power output from a nearby antenna prompted investigation for RFI.

Genetic cardiomyopathies.

Purpose Of Review: To describe recent advancements in cardiovascular genetics made possible by leveraging next-generation sequencing (NGS), and to provide a framework for practical applications of genetic testing for hypertrophic (HCM), dilated (DCM), and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathies (ARVC).

Recent Findings: The availability of NGS has made possible extensive reference databases. These, combined with recent initiatives to compile previously siloed commercial and research cardiomyopathy data sets, provide a more powerful and precise approach to cardiovascular genetic medicine.

Air Pollution and Other Environmental Modulators of Cardiac Function.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in developed regions and a worldwide health concern. Multiple external causes of CVD are well known, including obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, age, and sedentary behavior. Air pollution has been linked with the development of CVD for decades, though the mechanistic characterization remains unknown.

Right ventricular performance using myocardial deformation imaging in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Objective: Right ventricular (RV) performance among infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that myocardial deformation imaging (MDI) strain and strain rate would allow for differentiation between infants with severe and milder forms of BPD, independent of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and superior to conventional echocardiographic measurements.

Study Design: Infants with various severities of BPD (11 with none or mild, 13 with moderate and 10 with severe) underwent conventional echocardiography, TDI and MDI assessments at >36 weeks of corrected gestational age.

Neuroendocrine regulation of inflammation.

The interaction between the sympathetic nervous system and the immune system has been documented over the last several decades. In this review, the neuroanatomical, cellular, and molecular evidence for neuroimmune regulation in the maintenance of immune homeostasis will be discussed, as well as the potential impact of neuroimmune dysregulation in health and disease.

Adrenergic regulation of IgE involves modulation of CD23 and ADAM10 expression on exosomes.

Soluble CD23 plays a role in the positive regulation of an IgE response. Engagement of the β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) on a B cell is known to enhance the level of both soluble CD23 and IgE, although the mechanism by which this occurs is not completely understood. In this study, we report that, in comparison with a CD40 ligand/IL-4-primed murine B cell alone, β2AR engagement on a primed B cell increased gene expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)10, which is the primary sheddase of CD23, as well as protein expression of both CD23 and ADAM10, in a protein kinase A- and p38 MAPK-dependent manner, and promoted the localization of these proteins to exosomes as early as 2 d after priming, as determined by both Western blot and flow cytometry and confirmed by electron microscopy.