Responsible research in health disparities using the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study.

Purpose: The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is the largest longitudinal study on brain development and adolescent health in the United States. The study includes a sociodemographically diverse cohort of nearly 12,000 youth born 2005-2009, with an open science model of making data rapidly available to the scientific community. The ABCD Study® data has been used in over 1100 peer-reviewed publications since its first data release in 2018.

Guided bone regeneration-associated tissue swelling: A digital three-dimensional assessment.

Statement Of Problem: Postoperative swelling following guided bone regeneration (GBR) may affect the dimensions of interim restorations and/or delivery timing. However, quantitative assessment of post-GBR swelling or its evaluation for possible impact on regenerative outcomes is lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to quantify post-GBR swelling and correlate it with clinical parameters and outcomes.

Maxillary exostoses as contributing etiology to lip hypermobility and associated excessive gingival display: A clinical report.

Several etiologies may contribute to the development of excessive gingival display (EGD). However, little, if any, consideration has been given to the potentially significant role of prominent buccal maxillary exostoses (BMEs) in EGD etiology. Therefore, the aim of this report was to highlight the contribution of BMEs to EGD.

Risk factors for long COVID syndrome in postmenopausal women with previously reported diagnosis of COVID-19.

Purpose: Long COVID-19 syndrome occurs in 10-20 % of people after a confirmed/probable SARS-COV-2 infection; new symptoms begin within three months of COVID-19 diagnosis and last > 8 weeks. Little is known about risk factors for long COVID, particularly in older people who are at greater risk of COVID complications.

Methods: Data are from Women's Health Initiative (WHI) postmenopausal women who completed COVID surveys that included questions on whether they had ever been diagnosed with COVID and length and nature of symptoms.

Genome Sequence Comparisons between Small and Large Colony Phenotypes of Equine Clinical Isolates of .

is a Gram-positive fastidious bacterium and is occasionally isolated from the reproductive tract of apparently healthy mares () or from mares with reproductive tract abnormalities. Apart from a few 16S rRNA gene-based GenBank sequences and one recent report on complete genome assembly, detailed genomic sequence and clinical experimental data are not available on the bacterium. Recently, we observed an unusual increase in the detection of the organism from samples associated with mare reproductive failures in Atlantic Canada.

Patient Navigation Plus Tailored Digital Video Disc Increases Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Low-Income and Minority Patients Who Did Not Attend a Scheduled Screening Colonoscopy: A Randomized Trial.

Background: Up to 50% of people scheduled for screening colonoscopy do not complete this test and no studies have focused on minority and low-income populations. Interventions are needed to improve colorectal cancer (CRC) screening knowledge, reduce barriers, and provide alternative screening options. Patient navigation (PN) and tailored interventions increase CRC screening uptake, however there is limited information comparing their effectiveness or the effect of combining them.

Advanced biomanufacturing and evaluation of adeno-associated virus.

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) has been developed as a safe and effective gene delivery vehicle to treat rare genetic diseases. This study aimed to establish a novel biomanufacturing process to achieve high production and purification of various AAV serotypes (AAV2, 5, DJ, DJ8). First, a robust suspensive production process was developed and optimized using Gibco Viral Production Cell 2.

RAB7 deficiency impairs pulmonary artery endothelial function and promotes pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating and progressive disease with limited treatment options. Endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in the development and progression of PAH, yet the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. The endosome-lysosome system is important to maintain cellular health, and the small GTPase RAB7 regulates many functions of this system.

A CD276-Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugate to Treat Non-Small Lung Cancer (NSCLC).

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, accounting for approximately 85% of lung cancer cases, are usually diagnosed in advanced stages. Traditional surgical resection and radiotherapy have very limited clinical benefits. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a targeted therapy, antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), for NSCLC treatment.

An intranasal vaccine comprising SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain protein entrapped in mannose-conjugated chitosan nanoparticle provides protection in hamsters.

We developed a novel intranasal SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccine called NARUVAX-C19/Nano based on the spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) entrapped in mannose-conjugated chitosan nanoparticles (NP). A toll-like receptor 9 agonist, CpG55.2, was also added as an adjuvant to see if this would potentiate the cellular immune response to the NP vaccine.

Treatment response to supplemental nutrients for ADHD is independent of diet quality: the MADDY Study RCT.

Objectives: The 8-week Micronutrients for ADHD in Youth (MADDY) randomized controlled trial ( = 126, age 6-12) of broad-spectrum multinutrients for ADHD with emotional dysregulation found 3 times as many responders with multinutrients (54%) compared to placebo (18%) by Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I). Our primary aim for this analysis tests the hypothesis that those with poor overall diet quality at baseline benefit more. The second aim is to explore whether specific components of diet quality moderate treatment response.

Genital epithelial barrier function is conserved by intravaginal rings releasing etonogestrel and ethinyl estradiol.

The injectable progestin depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is a popular contraceptive choice in sub-Saharan Africa although mouse models indicate it weakens genital epithelial integrity and barrier function and increases susceptibility to genital infection. The intravaginal ring NuvaRing® is another contraceptive option that like DMPA suppresses hypothalamic pituitary ovarian (HPO) axis function with local release of progestin (etonogestrel) and estrogen (ethinyl estradiol). As we previously reported that treating mice with DMPA and estrogen averts the loss of genital epithelial integrity and barrier function induced by DMPA alone, in the current investigation we compared genital levels of the cell-cell adhesion molecule desmoglein-1 (DSG1) and genital epithelial permeability in rhesus macaques (RM) treated with DMPA or a NuvaRing®re-sized for RM (N-IVR).

Screening for pesticide residues in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) by portable infrared spectroscopy.

Rapid assessment of pesticide residues ensures cocoa bean quality and marketability. In this study, a portable FTIR instrument equipped with a triple reflection attenuated total reflectance (ATR) accessory was used to screen cocoa beans for pesticide residues. Cocoa beans (n = 75) were obtained from major cocoa growing regions of Peru and were quantified for pesticides by gas chromatography (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS).

Frequency and diversity of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales recovered from untreated wastewater impacted by selective media containing cefotaxime and meropenem in Ohio, USA.

As safe agents of last resort, carbapenems are reserved for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms. The impact of β-lactam antibiotics, cefotaxime, and meropenem on the frequency and diversity of carbapenemase-producing organisms recovered from environmental samples has not been fully established. Therefore, this methodological study aimed at determining β-lactam drugs used in selective enrichment and their impact on the recovery of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) from untreated wastewater.

Loss of genital epithelial barrier function is greater with depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate than intravaginal rings that release etonogestrel and ethinyl estradiol.

The injectable progestin depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is a popular contraceptive choice in sub-Saharan Africa although mouse models indicate it weakens genital epithelial integrity and barrier function and increases susceptibility to genital infection. The intravaginal ring NuvaRing is another contraceptive option that like DMPA suppresses hypothalamic pituitary ovarian (HPO) axis function with local release of progestin (etonogestrel) and estrogen (ethinyl estradiol). As we previously reported that treating mice with DMPA and estrogen averts the loss of genital epithelial integrity and barrier function induced by DMPA alone, in the current investigation we compared genital levels of the cell-cell adhesion molecule desmoglein-1 (DSG1) and genital epithelial permeability in rhesus macaques (RM) treated with DMPA or a NuvaRingre-sized for RM (N-IVR).

A recombinant pollen adjuvanted Art v 1 protein-based vaccine treats allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma using pre- and co-seasonal ultrashort immunotherapy regimens in sensitized mice.

Allergic rhinitis is an important risk factor for bronchial asthma. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) is the gold standard for treatment of allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and asthma. A disadvantage of current ASIT methods is the length of therapy which requires numerous allergen administrations.

Interaction effects of crude oil and nutrient exposure on settlement of coral reef benthos.

Anthropogenic stressors increasingly cause ecosystem-level changes to sensitive marine habitats such as coral reefs. Intensification of coastal development and shipping traffic can increase nutrient and oil pollution on coral reefs, yet these two stressors have not been studied in conjunction. Here, we simulate a disturbance scenario exposing carbonate settlement tiles to nutrient and oil pollution in a full-factorial design with four treatments: control, nutrients, oil, and combination to examine community structure and net primary productivity (NPP) of pioneer communities throughout 28 weeks.

Increasing breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening among rural women: Baseline characteristics of a randomized control trial.

Background: Rural women suffer disproportionately from breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer mortality compared to those in urban areas. Screening behaviors for these three cancers share many similar beliefs and barriers. Unfortunately, published interventions have not attempted to simultaneously bring women up to date with screening for three cancers (breast, cervical, and colorectal) even though multiple behavior change interventions are effective.

The Effect of Two Interventions to Increase Breast Cancer Screening in Rural Women.

Guideline-based mammography screening is essential to lowering breast cancer mortality, yet women residing in rural areas have lower rates of up to date (UTD) breast cancer screening compared to women in urban areas. We tested the comparative effectiveness of a tailored DVD, and the DVD plus patient navigation (PN) intervention vs. Usual Care (UC) for increasing the percentage of rural women (aged 50 to 74) UTD for breast cancer screening, as part of a larger study.

Free, but at what cost? How US crisis pregnancy centres provide services.

In the USA, the most popular form of anti-abortion activism, crisis pregnancy centres (CPCs), provide a variety of services to prevent abortions. Moving beyond debate about misinformation and the ethics of CPCs, this study considers the services they provide and given their popularity among state legislatures, their connection to the state. Using interviews with ten CPC staff in Ohio (a state providing support to CPCs) and supplemental data from both state and CPC organisations, we find three relevant themes.