Phytochemical fingerprinting of phytotoxins as a cutting-edge approach for unveiling nature's secrets in forensic science.

The integration of phytochemistry into forensic science has emerged as a groundbreaking frontier, providing unprecedented insights into nature's secrets through the precise application of phytochemical fingerprinting of phytotoxins as a cutting-edge approach. This study explores the dynamic intersection of phytochemistry and forensic science, highlighting how the unique phytochemical profiles of toxic plants and their secondary metabolites, serve as distinctive markers for forensic investigations. By utilizing advanced techniques such as Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS), the detection and quantification of plant-derived are made more accurate in forensic contexts.

Systematic Review of Pain Assessment Measures Used in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Background: Pain is a prevalent, frequent, and often persistent symptom among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Despite its high prevalence, pain has remained understudied, and no evidence-based recommendations exist for how best to assess and treat pain in this population. Without proper assessment, clinical efforts to improve pain management in pediatric ALL will be ineffective.

Prevalence of indications of alcohol and drug use among patients treated for injurious falls by Emergency Medical Services in the USA.

Objective: The association between alcohol consumption and increased injuries from falls is well established, but there is a lack of data on the prevalence of substance use by fall type. This study aims to describe the distribution of alcohol and drug involvement in injurious falls.

Methods: Using the 2019 National Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Information System data set, we identified 1 854 909 patients injured from falls requiring an EMS response and determined the fall location (eg, indoors or on street/sidewalk).

Prospects of the Surgical Management of Colorectal Peritoneal Metastasis.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy with the propensity to metastasize. Common sites of metastasis include the liver, lung, and peritoneum with peritoneal metastases (PM) having the worst prognosis. Unfortunately, systemic chemotherapy is often less effective in the treatment of peritoneal metastases.

Pediatric Emergency Medical Services Activations Involving Naloxone Administration.

Objectives: Fatal and nonfatal pediatric opioid poisonings have increased in recent years. Emergency medical services (EMS) clinicians are often the first to respond to an opioid poisoning and administer opioid reversal therapy. Currently, the epidemiology of prehospital naloxone use among children and adolescents is incompletely characterized.

Adjuvant Dose-Dense Chemotherapy in Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer.

Purpose: In light of evolving evidence that some patients with node-positive estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) disease may receive less benefit from chemotherapy, this study reports 12-year outcomes of the C9741 trial overall, and by the sensitivity to endocrine therapy (SET2,3) test index, a biomarker measuring endocrine transcriptional activity, to identify patients most likely to benefit from dose-dense chemotherapy.

Methods: In all, 1,973 patients were randomly assigned to dose-dense versus conventional chemotherapy. Hazard ratios (HRs) for prognosis and for predictive interaction with chemotherapy schedule were estimated from Cox models of long-term disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

Convergent Protocols for Computing Protein-Ligand Interaction Energies Using Fragment-Based Quantum Chemistry.

Fragment-based quantum chemistry methods offer a means to sidestep the steep nonlinear scaling of electronic structure calculations so that large molecular systems can be investigated using high-level methods. Here, we use fragmentation to compute protein-ligand interaction energies in systems with several thousand atoms, using a new software platform for managing fragment-based calculations that implements a screened many-body expansion. Convergence tests using a minimal-basis semiempirical method (HF-3c) indicate that two-body calculations, with single-residue fragments and simple hydrogen caps, are sufficient to reproduce interaction energies obtained using conventional supramolecular electronic structure calculations, to within 1 kcal/mol at about 1% of the computational cost.

Disconnects between provider network directories and patient preferences.

Objectives: The question of what providers one has access to under their insurance coverage is crucial for patients in managed care. This study sought to examine information displayed in online provider directories and whether this information matched consumer preferences.

Study Design: A national survey (N = 4007) paired with an analysis of online provider network directories.

Physicians-in-training and advanced practice providers perceptions in managing perioperative obstructive sleep apnea: a multi-institutional survey.

Study Objectives: Physicians-in-training (residents, fellows) and Advanced Practice Providers (APPs) receive limited education on sleep disorders, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). They often assess patients first. We aimed to understand their views on OSA and screening for OSA in the perioperative period.

Metastasis-directed therapy in oligometastatic and oligoprogressive renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose Of Review: This review addresses the evolving role of metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) in the management of oligometastatic and oligoprogressive renal cell carcinoma (RCC). With advances in both surgical techniques and stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR), it is timely to explore how MDT can improve patient outcomes in these distinct disease states. The review highlights the potential of MDT to delay systemic therapy and improve quality of life while noting the lack of randomized clinical trial data guiding its use.

Morpho-physiological and transcriptomic responses of field pennycress to waterlogging.

Field pennycress () is a new biofuel winter annual crop with extreme cold hardiness and a short life cycle, enabling off-season integration into corn and soybean rotations across the U.S. Midwest.

First Report of sp. Causing Downy Mildew of Stock () in Ohio.

, commonly known as stock, is a flowering plant species in the Brassicaceae popularly used as a cut flower due to its fragrant, long-lasting blooms. In September 2023, stock 'Iron White' plants displaying symptoms and signs of downy mildew were observed within a high tunnel in a cut flower farm in Franklin Co., OH.

Contemporary Microbiological Challenges in Pediatric Dentistry.

Knowledge of microbiology-related issues in dentistry is fundamental to clinical practice and patient care. The purpose of this literature review is to comprehensively describe the roles microbes play in pediatric dental practice, with a special focus on eight continuing and emerging microbiological issues related to waterline safety, dental material contamination, effects of oral bacteria on systemic health, antibiotic resistance, continuing COVID-19 findings and risks associated with animal-assisted therapies. Key points are highlighted on each topic, with current reports demonstrating microbial impacts on human health and clinical settings.

Microfluidic Thread-Based Analytical Platform for Reaction Screening Enabled by In Situ Thread Spray Mass Spectrometry.

This study describes a microfluidic thread-based analytical device (μTAD) capable of in situ mass spectrometric analysis for continuous flow reaction monitoring. Organic reaction screening is foundational to drug discovery. Microfluidic devices are of special interest here because they provide continuous reaction monitoring with advantages such as the use of smaller reagent volumes and short analysis times.

Engraft: A Collaborative Learning Health Network for Enhanced Transplant and Cellular Therapy Outcomes.

The Engraft Learning Health Network (LHN) aims to improve outcomes for patients undergoing transplant and cellular therapy (TCT) through a collaborative, data-driven approach. Engraft brings together diverse stakeholders, including clinicians, patients, caregivers, and institutions, to standardize best practices and accelerate the dissemination of innovations in TCT care. By establishing a multicenter, real-world clinical registry focused on rapid-cycle quality improvement (QI) and implementation research, Engraft seeks to reduce variability in clinical practice to improve TCT outcomes across centers.

Electronic Cigarette Vape Decreases Nitric Oxide Bioavailability in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via Increased Cytoglobin-Mediated Metabolism.

Cytoglobin (Cygb) regulates vascular tone by modulating nitric oxide (NO) metabolism in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In the presence of its cytochrome B5a (B5)/B5 reductase-isoform-3 (B5R) reducing system, Cygb controls NO metabolism via oxygen-dependent NO dioxygenation. Electronic cigarette (EC) use has been shown to induce vascular dysfunction and decrease NO bioavailability; however, the role of Cygb-mediated NO metabolism in the pathophysiology of this process has not been previously investigated.

Development of a rapid screener to elicit patient preferences for antiseizure medication discontinuation.

Objective: While guidelines encourage individualized discussions of the risks and benefits of antiseizure medication (ASM) withdrawal after a period of seizure-freedom, no formal methods exist for assessing patient preferences. We report the initial development of a rapid patient preferences screener.

Methods: We conducted a mixed-methods study of adults who were ≥1 year seizure-free and seen for epilepsy across three institutions.

A biochar selection method for remediating heavy metal contaminated mine tailings.

Approximately 390,000 abandoned mines across the US pose considerable, pervasive risks to human and environmental health; world-wide the problem is even greater. Lime, organic materials, and other amendments have been used to decrease metal bioavailability (e.g.

Housing stability, employment, and survival behaviors among young mothers experiencing homelessness: A randomized controlled trial of a housing intervention.

The present study examined the efficacy of a comprehensive housing intervention (Ecologically-Based Treatment - temporary housing and supportive services) on the longitudinal co-occurring patterns of housing stability, employment, and survival behaviors among a sample of young mothers experiencing homelessness. Participants were randomly assigned to: (1) temporary housing + supportive services (n = 80), (2) housing-only (n = 80), or (3) services as usual (n = 80). Follow-up assessments were completed at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months post-baseline.

Association of mental health assessment with postoperative outcomes following major surgery in older individuals.

Introduction: Individuals with mental illness are at risk for poor surgical outcomes. Notably, the impact of preoperative assessment and optimization for high-risk surgical procedures remains a relatively understudied and evolving field. We sought to investigate the association between mental health assessment and postoperative outcomes.

hURAT1 Transgenic Mouse Model for Evaluating Targeted Urate-Lowering Agents.

Background: Urate transporter 1 (URAT1) is a well-known therapeutic target for reducing urate levels in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. However, current pharmacological studies have failed to evaluate the efficacy of URAT1 inhibitors in non-primate animal models. We established a human URAT1 (hURAT1) transgenic knock-in (KI) mouse model to assess uricosuric agents' effectiveness and characterize URAT1-caused pathogenesis.