Chronic spontaneous urticaria remission definition and therapy stepping-down. WAO Position Paper.

Background: There is no global agreement on the definition of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU) remission.

Objective: To generate a consensus for clinical definitions in CSU focused on remission.

Methods: The World Allergy Organization (WAO) Urticaria Committee systematically reviewed current available longitudinal articles.

Mycovirome of Diaporthe helianthi and D. gulyae, causal agents of Phomopsis stem canker of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.).

Diaporthe gulyae and D. helianthi cause Phomopsis stem canker, which is a yield-limiting fungal disease of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in the United States.

Changes in Patent Ductus Arteriosus Management and Outcomes in Infants Born at 26 to 28 Weeks' Gestation.

Objective: To investigate the association between the secular decrease in treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA ) and trends in neonatal mortality and morbidity in infants born at 26 0/7 to 28 6/7 weeks' gestation.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study including infants born between 2012 and 2021 in continually participating hospitals in the NICHD Neonatal Research Network. The primary composite outcome was defined as surgical necrotizing enterocolitis, grade 2-3 bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), severe intraventricular hemorrhage, or death.

Nerve dissection technique for excision of parotid tumors: Outcomes controlling for tumor size and location.

Purpose: We examined operative efficiency, rate of facial nerve paresis, and post-operative outcomes in patients undergoing retrograde (RGD) vs anterograde dissection (AGD) of the facial nerve controlling for tumor location.

Methods: Single-institution, retrospective analysis of patients with benign parotid tumors undergoing superficial parotidectomy with facial nerve dissection over a six-year period. Operative and pathology reports were reviewed to classify tumor size, location in relation to facial nerve branches, and technique for facial nerve dissection.

Rebuilding the clinical and operational acute care pharmacist productivity model: Leveraging electronic health record data and analytics at an academic medical center.

Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

Extending Fundamental Cause Theory to Holistic Health.

Fundamental Cause Theory (FCT) offers a unique middle range and longitudinal understanding of the lasting social causational relationships between certain social conditions and disease/death. In this research note, I argue that FCT should extend its outcome measures beyond physical disease and death into holistic health. I briefly review how FCT is evaluated, explore the proposed extension and discuss some operational and conceptual challenges using mental illness and positive mental health outcomes as exemplars.

Perioperative Changes in Serum Transaminases Levels Predicts Long-Term Survival Following Liver Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: We sought to define whether and how hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) as manifested by perioperative aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) levels impact long-term outcomes after curative-intent resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients And Methods: Intrasplenic injection of HCC cells was used to establish a murine model of HCC recurrence with versus without I/R injury. Patients who underwent curative resection for HCC were identified from a multi-institutional derivative cohort (DC) and separate external validation (VC) cohort.

Impact of same-day sleeve gastrectomy surgery on postoperative emergency department visits: analysis from the Michigan Bariatric Surgery Collaborative.

Background: Same-day discharge after sleeve gastrectomy (SDDSG) is being performed in select patient populations with increased regularity since 2020.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of SDDSG on emergency department (ED) visits.

Setting: Academic and private practice bariatric surgery programs participating in a statewide quality improvement collaborative.

Probing the eukaryotic microbes of ruminants with a deep-learning classifier and comprehensive protein databases.

Metagenomics, particularly genome-resolved metagenomics, has significantly deepened our understanding of microbes, illuminating their taxonomic and functional diversity and roles in ecology, physiology, and evolution. However, eukaryotic populations within various microbiomes, including those in the mammalian gastrointestinal (GI) tract, remain relatively underexplored in metagenomic studies due to the lack of comprehensive reference genome databases and robust bioinformatics tools. The GI tract of ruminants, particularly the rumen, contains a high eukaryotic biomass although a relatively low diversity of ciliates and fungi, which significantly impacts feed digestion, methane emissions, and rumen microbial ecology.

Missed Opportunity for Initial Diagnosis in Children With Complex Appendicitis.

Objectives: Delayed diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children may result in complex appendicitis with appendiceal perforation. Delayed diagnosis can result from missed opportunity for initial diagnosis (MOID) despite medical attention. Studies report MOID of less than 5% in pediatric emergency departments (EDs), but we hypothesized that many MOID occurs outside tertiary care facilities.

Feasibility of newborn screening for pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy.

Background: Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE-ALDH7A1) is a developmental epileptic encephalopathy historically characterized by seizures that are resistant to antiseizure medications. Treatment with pyridoxine and lysine reduction therapies are associated with seizure control and improved developmental outcomes. In rare circumstances, patients have died prior to diagnosis and treatment with pyridoxine, and many patients are diagnosed after six months of age when lysine reduction therapies have limited efficacy.

Pharmacist preceptor perceptions of diversity, equity, and inclusion in experiential learning experiences.

Introduction: Societal inequities and public discourse have prompted healthcare organizations to focus on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI). While DEI initiatives and strategic plans have been established within academia and applied to didactic curricula, literature is limited on preceptor perspectives in engagement with DEI. This study aimed to assess pharmacist preceptor perception of DEI in learning experiences and areas for improvement in the context of experiential teaching and learning within a large, multi-site pharmacy residency program to provide guidance for strategies to improve organizational approaches.

Up-regulation of Melanophilin (MLPH) gene during avian adipogenesis and decreased fat pad weights with adipocyte hypotrophy in MLPH knockout quail.

Advanced genetic and nutritional strategies aimed at modulating fat deposition can significantly reduce production costs and enhance profitability in the poultry industry. Melanophilin (MLPH) is recognized as a key gene regulating pigmentation as shown by diluted hair and feather coloration in MLPH mutant animals, including avian models. However, the effects of MLPH during fat accretion have not been studied yet.

Discovery of novel TACE inhibitors using graph convolutional network, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and Biological evaluation.

The increasing utilization of deep learning models in drug repositioning has proven to be highly efficient and effective. In this study, we employed an integrated deep-learning model followed by traditional drug screening approach to screen a library of FDA-approved drugs, aiming to identify novel inhibitors targeting the TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE). TACE, also known as ADAM17, plays a crucial role in the inflammatory response by converting pro-TNF-α to its active soluble form and cleaving other inflammatory mediators, making it a promising target for therapeutic intervention in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.

School and meal characteristics associated with plate waste in K-12 cafeterias in the United States.

Food wasted in primary and secondary education institutions creates nutritional losses, financial inefficiencies, and environmental degradation. While there is some evidence of how particular interventions within schools may influence the amount of waste created, there is little recent information about typical levels of food waste generated in U.S.

Memristive Ion Dynamics to Enable Biorealistic Computing.

Conventional artificial intelligence (AI) systems are facing bottlenecks due to the fundamental mismatches between AI models, which rely on parallel, in-memory, and dynamic computation, and traditional transistors, which have been designed and optimized for sequential logic operations. This calls for the development of novel computing units beyond transistors. Inspired by the high efficiency and adaptability of biological neural networks, computing systems mimicking the capabilities of biological structures are gaining more attention.

Estimated Vaccine Effectiveness for Pediatric Patients With Severe Influenza, 2015-2020.

Importance: Increasing the understanding of vaccine effectiveness (VE) against levels of severe influenza in children could help increase uptake of influenza vaccination and strengthen vaccine policies globally.

Objective: To investigate VE in children by severity of influenza illness.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This case-control study with a test-negative design used data from 8 participating medical centers located in geographically different US states in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network from November 6, 2015, through April 8, 2020.

Macroalgae Compound Characterizations and Their Effect on the Ruminal Microbiome in Supplemented Lambs.

The impact of macroalgae species on rumen function remains largely unexplored. This present study aimed to identify the biocompounds of the three types of marine macroalgae described: (Brown), spp. (Lettuce), spp.

Youth Soccer Heading Exposure and Its Effects on Clinical Outcome Measures.

Purposeful heading, in which players may use their heads to advance the ball in play, is a unique part of soccer. Clinical outcome measures used to aid in the diagnosis of a concussion have long been a cornerstone of the contemporary measurements associated with the short- and long-term effects of monitoring repetitive head impacts (RHI) and soccer heading exposure. The effects of RHI in the youth population are still unknown, therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine if heading exposure is predictive of changes in self-reported symptoms, neurocognitive functioning, gait, and balance in female youth soccer players over the course of one soccer season.

Retinal Docosahexaenoic Acid Is Significantly Reduced in Diabetic Humans and Mice: Possible Relationship to Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: The retina contains the highest concentration of the omega 3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in the body. Although epidemiologic studies showed an inverse correlation between the consumption of omega 3 fatty acids and the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, there are no data showing the effect of diabetes on retinal DHA in humans. In this study, we measured the DHA content of the retina in diabetic and non-diabetic humans as well as mice and determined the effect of diabetes on retinal thickness and function in mice.

50 Years of Antibody Numbering Schemes: A Statistical and Structural Evaluation Reveals Key Differences and Limitations.

Background: The complementarity-determining region (CDR) of antibodies represents the most diverse region both in terms of sequence and structural characteristics, playing the most critical role in antibody recognition and binding for immune responses. Over the past decades, several numbering schemes have been introduced to define CDRs based on sequence. However, the existence of diverse numbering schemes has led to potential confusion, and a comprehensive evaluation of these schemes is lacking.

Arresting Early Childhood Caries with Silver Diamine Fluoride Gel Among Preschool Children: Protocol for a Randomised Clinical Trial.

: The World Health Organisation (WHO) included silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for the management of early childhood caries. SDF is typically available as a 38% aqueous solution, which is watery to apply. A 38% SDF gel has recently been developed, but its caries-arrest effectiveness remains unsubstantiated.

Adjuvant hormone therapy and overall survival among low-grade and apparent early-stage endometrial stromal sarcoma patients.

Objective: Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS). While adjuvant hormone therapy is recommended for patients with advanced/recurrent disease, no consensus regarding its use among early-stage patients exists. We aimed to identify correlates of adjuvant hormone therapy use and associations of adjuvant hormone therapy and overall survival (OS) in stage I LG-ESS patients.