Kiwifruit spatiotemporal multiomics networks uncover key tissue-specific regulatory processes throughout the life cycle.

Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis), a recently commercialized horticultural crop, is rich in various nutrient compounds. However, the regulatory networks controlling the dynamic changes in key metabolites among different tissues remain largely unknown. Here, high-resolution spatiotemporal datasets obtained by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methodology and RNA-seq were employed to investigate the dynamic changes in the metabolic and transcriptional landscape of major kiwifruit tissues across different developmental stages, including from fruit skin, outer pericarp, inner pericarp, and fruit core.

Seed-transmission of turnip mosaic virus demonstrated unequivocally in a species.

Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) causes important diseases in Brassicaceae crops worldwide. In 2023, Brassica rapa ssp. perviridis cv.

Roles of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) and palm oil fuel ash (POFA) on the strength, cost analysis and CO emission of lightweight concrete: Comparison with aluminum-based aerated concrete.

This work investigated the effects of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) as pore-forming agent and palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as sand replacement (0-100 % by weight) on the strength, economic feasibility, and CO emissions for lightweight concrete production. The product properties were compared with the traditional aerated concrete (with aluminum powder), which aimed to shed light on the use of SAPs and POFA for manufacturing a more sustainable lightweight concrete. The use of POFA to replace sand increased the cost of production by approximately 1-7% and CO emissions by approximately 3-12 % due primarily to the transportation of the POFA from the oil palm fuel power plant, which could be avoided if produced on site of or near the power plant.

Sustainable management of potato tuber moth in storages using entomopathogenic fungi and an ectoparasitic mite.

Background: The potato tuber moth (PTM), Phthorimaea operculella, is an economically important pest of potato crops worldwide. So far, the application of chemical pesticides is the major measure to manage PTM, but it induces serious deleterious impacts on the environment and human health. Here, we screened the entomopathogenic fungi that are lethal to PTM, and tested their sublethal impacts on PTM development, mortality, and reproduction as well as that of ectoparasitic mite Pyemotes zhonghuajia, a natural enemy of PTM.

Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Vegetable Handlers in Bangladesh.

This study delves into the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of vegetable handlers in Jashore Sadar, Bangladesh, specifically focusing on the crucial significance of food safety across the entire farm-to-fork process. Integrating quantitative and qualitative data provides a multifaceted depiction of this pivotal component within the food supply chain. Ten focus group discussions were conducted, and in total, 50 vegetable handlers were interviewed separately.

Achieving High Protein Quality Is a Challenge in Vegan Diets: A Narrative Review.

The transition toward plant-based (PB) diets has gained attention as a plausible step toward achieving sustainable and healthy dietary goals. However, the complete elimination of all animal-sourced foods from the diet (ie, a vegan diet) may have nutritional ramifications that warrant close examination. Two such concerns are the adequacy and bioavailability of amino acids (AAs) from plant-sourced foods and the consequences for older vegan populations who have elevated AA requirements.

MIBiG 4.0: advancing biosynthetic gene cluster curation through global collaboration.

Specialized or secondary metabolites are small molecules of biological origin, often showing potent biological activities with applications in agriculture, engineering and medicine. Usually, the biosynthesis of these natural products is governed by sets of co-regulated and physically clustered genes known as biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). To share information about BGCs in a standardized and machine-readable way, the Minimum Information about a Biosynthetic Gene cluster (MIBiG) data standard and repository was initiated in 2015.

Teff (Eragrostis tef) phytochemicals: Isolation, identification, and assessment of allelopathic and antimicrobial potential for pollution control and environmental sustainability.

Setaria pumila (SP) and latuca sativa are the prominent teff (Eragrostis tef) weeds negatively impacting yield. The allelopathic (weed-suppressing) effects of ten teff varieties were examined for plant growth inhibitory effects, as well as for antagonism against certain major plant infections caused by bacteria and their subsequent antioxidant properties. The in vitro germination and antimicrobial assays were carried out in controlled laboratory settings.

Description of the female and variation in males of the critically endangered Caledargiolestes janiceae Lieftinck, 1975 from South New Caledonia (Odonata: Zygoptera: Argiolestidae).

Caledargiolestes janiceae Lieftinck, 1975 was erected on the basis of a single not-fully mature male. Eleven years later a female was captured but never described. Despite further searching, this species was only rediscovered in early 2022 with one female and two males (immature and mature) collected.

Guidelines for species descriptions of free-living aquatic nematodes: characters, measurements and their presentation in taxonomic publications.

Free-living aquatic nematodes are abundant, diverse and of general environmental importance. However, knowledge of species distributions of both marine and freshwater nematodes is sparse. Species distribution data are crucial for evaluating environmental impacts from human activities and to conduct integrated nematode community assessments.

Two new species of Anax Leach, 1815 from the Solomon Islands and Tonga (Odonata: Aeshnidae).

Species of the cosmopolitan genus Anax Leach, 1815 are among the largest dragonflies and the most powerful flyers. Within the genus the proportion between body length and wing and the body shape of both sexes are of great taxonomic importance. Here we describe two new Anax species: Anax insulanus sp.

Establishing a comprehensive web-based analysis platform for Nicotiana benthamiana genome and transcriptome.

Nicotiana benthamiana has long served as a crucial plant material extensively used in plant physiology research, particularly in the field of plant pathology, because of its high susceptibility to plant viruses. Additionally, it serves as a production platform to test vaccines and other valuable substances. Among its approximately 3.

Emulsifying properties of quinoa protein fibrillar aggregates and their influence on quinoa protein emulsion gel formation.

Fibrillization is a potential approach to improving functionality of seed storage proteins. Herein, the solubility, morphology, wettability, interfacial adsorption and emulsifying properties of quinoa protein fibrillar aggregates were compared with those of quinoa protein isolate (QPI). Effect of fibrillar aggregates on the formation of heat-induced QPI emulsion gels was investigated in the presence 0 or 100 mM NaCl.

Microalgae as a potential raw material for plant-based seafood alternatives: A comprehensive review.

Microalgae presents an inducing potential as a primary raw material in crafting plant-based seafood alternatives, revolutionizing the landscape of sustainable food production. These microscopic organisms display a rich nutritional profile, presenting an array of nutrients such as essential amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals comparable to those found in seafood. Their versatile nature allows for the replication of seafood flavors and textures, addressing the sensory aspects crucial to consumer acceptance of substitutes.

Anti-inflammatory effects of kawakawa (): An integrative mRNA-miRNA approach.

Kawakawa () is an endemic medicinal plant widely consumed by Māori in New Zealand. Presence of diverse biologically active phytochemicals in kawakawa may underpin its putative therapeutic anti-inflammatory properties. However, no human studies on its anti-inflammatory effects are yet undertaken.

Mechanistic insights into activation of peracetic acid by sludge biogas residue biochar for efficient sulfamethoxazole degradation in aqueous solution.

The application of peracetic acid (PAA) in the advanced oxidation process has been demonstrated to be an effective approach for treating aqueous organic pollutants. In this study, it is the first time that biogas residue biochar (BRBC) derived from sludge anaerobic digestion plants was prepared and used as a PAA activator for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation. The optimal SMX removal could achieve 92 % within 120 min under acidic conditions.

Environmental filtering, not dispersal history, explains global patterns of phylogenetic turnover in seed plants at deep evolutionary timescales.

Environmental filtering and dispersal history limit plant distributions and affect biogeographical patterns, but how their relative importance varies across evolutionary timescales is unresolved. Phylogenetic beta diversity quantifies dissimilarity in evolutionary relatedness among assemblages and might help resolve the ecological and biogeographical mechanisms structuring biodiversity. Here, we examined the effects of environmental dissimilarity and geographical distance on phylogenetic and taxonomic turnover for ~270,000 seed plant species globally and across evolutionary timescales.

Growing practices and the use of potentially harmful chemical additives from a web survey of mainly small-scale cannabis growers in 18 countries.

Background: There is emerging recognition of the risks of harmful chemical pesticides, fertilizers and 'nutrients' by cannabis growers. One group of chemicals, Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs), many of which have been banned from food crops for decades, have been found unlisted in a number of fertilizers and supplements marketed at cannabis growers.

Methods: This paper predominately uses data from a 2020-21 convenience web survey of mainly small-scale, recent (last 5yrs) cannabis growers from 18 countries (n = 11,479).

Modification of hempseed protein isolate using a novel two-stage method applying high-pressure homogenization coupled with high-intensity ultrasound.

Hempseed protein isolate (HPI), a novel plant protein, possesses advantages as an alternative food protein from a nutritional and sustainable perspective. This study investigated HPI modification by examining the effects of high-pressure homogenization combined with high-intensity ultrasound (HPH + HIU) on the physicochemical and functionality of HPI. Firstly, the optimal homogenization pressure (180 MPa) was selected based on the solubility and particle size of HPI.

Genistein in focus: pharmacological effects and immune pathway modulation in cancer.

Cancer is a significant global health concern, responsible for mortality and morbidity of individuals. It is characterized by uncontrolled cellular growth, tumor formation, and potential metastasis. The immune system is pivotal in recognizing and eliminating cancerous cells, with immune cells such as T cells, B cells, natural killer cells (NK), and dendritic cells playing critical roles.

Development of a Novel Stress and Immune Gene Panel for the Australasian Snapper ().

Background: Snapper () is a commercially, recreationally and culturally important teleost species in New Zealand and has been selected as a potential new species for aquaculture. Selective breeding to enhance stress tolerance, survival and growth are major breeding targets, yet research into snapper immune and stress responses has been limited.

Methods: We explored a set of candidate genes in the fin, head kidney and liver tissues of 50 individuals by exposing 20 fish to increasing temperature (up to 31 °C) and 20 fish to decreasing temperature (down to 7 °C) for up to 37 h.