A circuit model for transsaccadic space updating and mislocalization.

We perceive a stable, continuous world despite drastic changes of retinal images across saccades. However, while objects in daily life appear stable across saccades, stimuli around saccades can be grossly mislocalized. We address this puzzle with our recently proposed circuit model for perisaccadic receptive-field (RF) remapping in LIP and FEF.

Improving cone identification using merged non-confocal quadrant-detection adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope images.

Cone photoreceptor inner segments visualized in non-confocal split-detection adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) images appear as obliquely illuminated domes with bright and dark opposing regions. Previously, the pairing of these bright and dark regions for automated photoreceptor identification has necessitated complex algorithms. Here we demonstrate how the merging of split-detection images captured with a non-confocal quadrant light detection scheme allows automated cone identification using simple, open-source image processing tools, while also improving accuracy in both normal and pathologic retinas.

Carbon emissions of single-use anaesthetic drug trays: more than meets the eye in life cycle assessment.

Life cycle assessment is increasingly used in the healthcare sector to facilitate more environmentally informed supply and medication use. A thorough life cycle assessment comparing the carbon impacts of 10 different single-use anaesthetic drug trays yielded surprising findings. Although life cycle assessment can guide decision-making, results must be interpreted clinically and in light of all available options, including eliminating unnecessary consumption altogether.

Apple Vision Pro and Its Implications in Mohs Micrographic Surgery: A Narrative Review.

Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is a precise and effective technique for treating skin cancers, necessitating high accuracy and real-time decision-making to ensure complete tumor removal while preserving healthy tissue. The introduction of the Apple Vision Pro (AVP), an advanced mixed-reality headset, presents a potential technological advancement in surgical practice. The present investigation explores the integration of AVP into Mohs surgery, focusing on its potential to enhance preoperative planning, intraoperative guidance, and postoperative analysis.

Premorbid Incidence of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Disorders in Facial Trauma Patients.

Study Design: A retrospective study.

Objective: Facial trauma is a prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality with increasing incidence over recent decades. Few studies have examined the prevalence of mental health and substance abuse disorders at the time of diagnosis.

The multifaceted role of vitreous hyalocytes: Orchestrating inflammation, angiomodulation and erythrophagocytosis in proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Background: Despite great advances in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) therapy over the last decades, one third of treated patients continue to lose vision. While resident vitreous macrophages called hyalocytes have been implicated in the pathophysiology of vitreoretinal proliferative disease previously, little is known about their exact role in PDR. In this study, we address molecular and cellular alterations in the vitreous of PDR patients as a means towards assessing the potential contribution of hyalocytes to disease pathogenesis.

Associations between School-Based Vision Program Outcomes and School Characteristics in 410 Schools.

Purpose: School-based vision programs (SBVPs) deliver care to students at school, addressing disparities in access to pediatric vision care. We aimed to evaluate the associations between SBVP outcomes and school-level characteristics.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional data analysis.

Teleophthalmology Through Online Mentorship Over a 20-Year Period: Education and Capacity Building.

Purpose: Telemedicine is widely used for diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, and other ophthalmic diseases. However, there is limited research on the use of teleophthalmology in retinoblastoma. The goal of this study was to explore how Orbis Cybersight affected the capacity for treatment and management of children with retinoblastoma through online mentorship and to assess the efficacy of online mentoring through disease-specific knowledge change over time.

MAIA and Humphrey Perimetry Differ in Their Estimation of Homonymous Visual Field Defects.

Purpose: To assess whether the Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer (HFA) and the Macular Integrity Assessment instrument (MAIA) provide equivalent estimates of visual deficit size, severity, and progression in cortically blinded participants.

Methods: Reliable, monocular 10-2 HFA and MAIA fields were collected at baseline, and after a blind-field training intervention (n = 54) or no intervention (n = 6) in adult participants with occipital strokes. Binocular HFA and MAIA mean sensitivities (MS) were first computed, before creating binocular maps of visual sensitivity for each perimetry system to calculate deficit areas, using a unitary, published, less than 10 dB criterion to define blindness.

Assessing the Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Creation of Patient Educational Videos for Corneal Refractive Surgery.

Purpose: We aim to assess the ability of artificial intelligence (AI) to generate patient educational videos for various corneal refractive surgeries.

Methods: Three AI text-to-video platforms (InVideo (San Francisco, CA), ClipTalk (San Francisco, CA), and EasyVid (Los Angeles, CA)) were used to create patient educational videos for laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), respectively. Videos for LASIK and PRK from the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) and a SMILE video from Zeiss served as controls for each surgery.

DNA methylation biomarkers and myopia: a multi-omics study integrating GWAS, mQTL and eQTL data.

Background: This study aimed to identify DNA methylation biomarkers associated with myopia using summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR).

Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases was conducted up to March 27, 2024. SMR analyses were performed to integrate genome-wide association study (GWAS) with methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies.

Awareness, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Diabetic Retinopathy Among Residents of Jazan City, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Eye diseases, particularly diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, and glaucoma, are significant public health challenges globally, affecting quality of life. Diabetic retinopathy, a common diabetes complication, is a leading cause of visual impairment among working-age adults due to chronic hyperglycemia. Despite treatment advances, awareness of this condition remains low, especially in high-risk populations.

Beauty Re-defined: A Comparative Analysis of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Ideals and Traditional Standards.

Background Traditional methods for assessing facial beauty rely on subjective measures like averages or "golden ratios." However, artificial intelligence (AI) offers a data-driven approach to analyzing attractiveness. This study explores how AI-generated beauty criteria compare to established ideals, considering cultural influences and the evolving concept of beauty.

Distortion-Corrected Posterior Ocular Shape in Myopic Eyes Assessed by Ultrawide OCT Detects Deformations Associated With Vision-Threatening Changes.

Purpose: To develop a quantitative tool for assessing the posterior ocular shape using widefield, volumetric optical coherence tomography (OCT) in eyes with myopia.

Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study included 178 eyes from 113 participants. Participants underwent a standardized eye examination, including ocular biometry and a custom ultrawide OCT.

Incidence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Urban India: Sankara Nethralaya Diabetic Retinopathy Epidemiology and Molecular Genetics Study, 15yr Follow up.

To evaluate the 15 year incidence and progression of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and identify risk factors among Indian population. From a cross-sectional study of 1425 subjects, 911 participants took part in the 4-year follow-up. Out of these 911 participants, 140 returned for the 15-year follow-up, with baseline examinations conducted between 2003 and 2006, and subsequent follow-ups occurring from 2007 to 2011 and the current 15-year follow-up from 2018 to 2021.

Refractive Profiles in Children Receiving School-Based Eye Exams Following Vision Screening from a Large School-Based Vision Program in 2016 to 2022.

Purpose: To describe refractive error findings and associated factors in students who received school-based eye exams following vision screenings.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of pre-kindergarten through 12 grade students who failed vision screening and underwent a school-based eye exam in the Northeast region of the United States during 2016-2022. Non-cycloplegic autorefraction and visual acuity measurements were used to categorize refractive error by type and severity.

CTK-like syndrome: Corneal opacity and flattening following sequential intracorneal ring implantation and corneal cross-linking.

Purpose: This is a case report of a 31-year-old male patient presenting progressive and markedly asymmetric keratoconus treated with sequential intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation followed by accelerated corneal cross-linking (CXL).

Observations: The follow-up after the last procedure revealed a thin, opacified cornea with an unexpected massive flattening of up to 20.3 D.