Pneumocephalus After Lumbar Epidural Steroid Injection: A Rare Complication With Spontaneous Resolution.

Pneumocephalus is a rare but potentially serious complication of spinal procedures, characterized by the presence of intracranial air. This report presents the case of a 40-year-old female who developed pneumocephalus following a lumbar epidural steroid injection. She presented to the emergency department with a persistent headache, blurred vision, and eye pain, which began shortly after the procedure.

Evaluating a Foundation Artificial Intelligence Model for Glaucoma Detection Using Color Fundus Photographs.

Purpose: To evaluate RETFound, a foundation artificial intelligence model, using a diverse clinical research dataset to assess its accuracy in detecting glaucoma using optic disc photographs. The model's accuracy for glaucoma detection was evaluated across race, age, glaucoma severity, and various training cycles (epochs) and dataset sample sizes.

Design: Evaluation of a diagnostic technology.

Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) and Anxiety in Adolescence: Preference for CMC, Social Media Burden, and Attention Bias to Threat.

Unlabelled: Despite societal and empirical interest in the impact of computer-mediated communication (CMC) on anxiety in adolescents, little is known about the associations between specific aspects of CMC use and anxiety severity and the role of individual vulnerability factors. In this study, we examined the links between two contexts of CMC, preference for CMC over face-to-face interactions and perceived social media social media burden, along with an anxiety-related cognitive vulnerability factor and attention bias to threat. Participants were mildly to severely anxious 12- to 14-year-olds ( = 78,  = 12.

Oculofacial plastic surgery in the cancer patient: A narrative review.

Methods: The authors performed a computerized search using PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. The search terms used were "chemotherapy AND surgery", "immunotherapy AND surgery", "radiotherapy AND surgery", "nutrition AND surgery", "(oculoplastic OR orbit OR eyelid OR lacrimal OR puncta) AND (chemotherapy OR immunotherapy OR radiotherapy)", "(facial OR facial plastic OR oculoplastic) AND (chemotherapy OR immunotherapy OR radiotherapy)", "(cancer OR malignancy) AND surgery", "(cancer OR malignancy) AND (surgery OR surgical) complications", "wound healing AND (cancer OR malignancy)", "infection AND (cancer OR malignancy)", "(bleeding OR blood loss) AND (cancer OR malignancy) AND surgery", "(chemotherapy OR immunotherapy OR radiotherapy) AND wound healing", "(chemotherapy OR immunotherapy OR radiotherapy) AND (bleeding OR blood loss)", "(chemotherapy OR immunotherapy OR radiotherapy) AND infection".

Results: A total of 89 articles, published from 1993 to 2023 in the English language or with English translations were included.

Prioritising domains of glucocorticoid therapy to measure in trials: Results from a modified delphi exercise from the OMERACT glucocorticoid impact working group.

Introduction: There is no consensus amongst patients and healthcare professionals about how to measure important adverse effects of glucocorticoids (GCs) that includes the patient's perspective. The OMERACT GC Impact working group sought to identify the domains of greatest importance to both patients and healthcare professionals for use in a proposed core outcome set.

Methods: Patients and healthcare professionals participated in a Delphi consensus exercise to rate the importance of previously identified candidate domains.

Visual Field Progression in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study.

Purpose: To determine the rate of visual field (VF) loss before and after the diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS).

Design: Prespecified analyses of data collected prospectively in a clinical trial with extended follow-up.

Setting And Participants: Participants who developed POAG during OHTS 1 and 2 (February 1994 to December 2008) constitute an inception cohort.

Influence of Common Medications on Diabetic Macular Edema in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the impact of systemic medications, including glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), fenofibrates, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), and calcium channel blockers (CCBs), on the risk of developing diabetic macular edema (DME) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using electronic medical records (EMR) data from the TriNetX health research network, covering a period from October 2004 to 2024.

Participants: The study population comprised patients diagnosed with T2DM who were newly initiated on GLP-1 RAs, fenofibrates, TZDs, or CCBs.

Retinal direction of motion is reliably transmitted to visual cortex through highly selective thalamocortical connections.

Motion perception is crucial to animal survival and effective environmental interactions. In mammals, detection of movement begins in the retina. Directionally selective (DS) retinal ganglion cells were first discovered in the rabbit eye, and they have since been found in mouse, cat, and monkey.

The potential role of retinal slip in National Football League (NFL) officiating and its effect on on-field decision making: mechanisms and countermeasures.

Visual processing involves numerous neuro-ophthalmic pathways that enable humans to perceive and interact with the world. These visual pathways can negatively impact visual perception and decision-making. The Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR) is a compensatory mechanism that stabilizes gaze on a target during head movement, such as running or turning.

Five-Year Incidence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Its Risk Factors in Adult Chinese Population: The Tongren Health Care Study.

Purpose: To examine the 5-year incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and its associated factors in an adult Chinese population.

Methods: The Tongren Health Care Study included individuals attending regular health care check-up examinations in the Beijing Tongren Hospital. Baseline examinations were performed from 2014 to 2015, with 5-year follow-up examinations conducted between 2019 and 2020.

Kahook Dual Blade Goniotomy versus iStent Implantation Combined with Phacoemulsification: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Prcis: In this meta-analysis, Kahook dual blade goniotomy achieved higher rates of surgical success compared to iStent/iStent inject implantation combined with phacoemulsification. KDB goniotomy demonstrated better IOP reduction at month 6 compared to the Stent group.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of phacoemulsification combined with either Kahook Dual Blade (KDB) goniotomy (phaco-KDB) or trabecular microbypass stent (iStent and iStent inject) implantation (phaco-Stent).

Intraretinal Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To examine intraretinally migrated retinal pigment epithelium cells (iRPECs) in enucleated human eyes with various retinal conditions and corresponding intraretinal hyperreflective bodies (iHRBs) in a large cohort of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in China.

Design: Population-based study and histomorphometric investigation.

Participants: Participants of the population-based Beijing Eye Study and enucleated human eyes.

EPIC Technique Spinal Procedure Improves Ocular Motion and Dizziness by Resolving Cranial Nerve VI Palsy.

Unlabelled: This case study demonstrates that craniocervical spinal alignment with the EPIC technique spinal procedure appears to have a potential positive impact on ocular function. This paper will report the case of a patient with cranial nerve VI palsy and dizziness, and the clinical improvements following treatment with the soundwave technology of the EPIC technique spinal procedure [1].

Objective: To report the case of a patient with cranial nerve VI (CN VI) palsy and the clinical changes that occurred after receiving treatment using the EPIC (Evolutionary Percussion Instrument Corrections) technique spinal procedure.

Impact of edentulism on community-dwelling adults in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries: a systematic review.

Objectives: This study aims to comprehensively explore the consequences of edentulism on community-dwelling adults in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries.

Design: Systematic review and Synthesis Without Meta-Analysis (SWiM).

Data Sources: MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched from inception to 21 March 2023, in addition to grey literature searches, reference cross-checking and study recommendations.

The optic nerve in spaceflight: novel concepts in the pathogenesis of optic disc edema in microgravity.

Purpose Of Review: Spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) encompasses a unique constellation of neuro-ocular findings in astronauts, including optic disc edema (ODE), globe flattening, chorioretinal folds, and hyperopic refractive shift. Although there are numerous neuro-ocular findings in SANS, the purpose of this review is to describe the novel, emerging concepts of the pathogenesis for the ODE specifically in SANS.

Recent Findings: While the initial hypotheses on the pathogenesis of ODE in SANS focused on possible elevated intracranial pressures (i.

Visualizing motions within the cochlea's organ of Corti and illuminating cochlear mechanics with optical coherence tomography.

Beginning in 2006, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been adapted for use as a vibrometer for hearing research. The application of OCT in this field, particularly for studying cochlear mechanics, represents a revolutionary advance over previous technologies. OCT provides detailed evidence of the motions of components within the organ of Corti, extending beyond the first-encountered surface of observation.

Recruitment Strategies and Obstacles During the Zoster Eye Disease Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify successful recruitment strategies and obstacles reported by principal investigators (PIs) of the Zoster Eye Disease Study (ZEDS).

Methods: A web-based survey was created by a subset of ZEDS PIs and distributed to ZEDS PIs after study enrollment was closed. The survey queried investigators about recruitment strategies and obstacles, use of prophylactic oral antiviral medication, electronic medical records, telemedicine, COVID-19 effect, turnover of research staff, and recruitment outreach to minority and underserved populations.

Prognostic Significance of Biointegration at the Optic-Cornea Joint in Keratoprosthesis Implantation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize the morphological and immunological aspects of biointegration at the optic-cornea joint of a second-generation synthetic corneal device.

Methods: The initial prototype, single-piece optic-skirt configuration, is constructed from compact and flexible perfluoroalkoxy alkane with porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) overlying the skirt to allow skirt-cornea biointegration. The second-generation version was modified to add ePTFE around the optic wall to allow optic-cornea biointegration.