Deintensification of Radiotherapy Use in Treatment of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ in the Netherlands-A Nationwide Overview From 2008 Until 2022.

Aims: Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) treated by breast-conserving surgery followed by radiotherapy aims to decrease the probability of locally recurrent disease. The role of whole breast irradiation, specifically in DCIS having low recurrence risk and low risk of becoming invasive, is increasingly debated. Also, the added value of applying boost irradiation in DCIS has been questioned.

Polygenic score distribution differences across European ancestry populations: implications for breast cancer risk prediction.

Background: The 313-variant polygenic risk score (PRS) provides a promising tool for clinical breast cancer risk prediction. However, evaluation of the PRS across different European populations which could influence risk estimation has not been performed.

Methods: We explored the distribution of PRS across European populations using genotype data from 94,072 females without breast cancer diagnosis, of European-ancestry from 21 countries participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) and 223,316 females without breast cancer diagnosis from the UK Biobank.

An update on access to novel treatment for metastatic melanoma in Europe - A 2024 survey of the European melanoma registry and the European association of dermato-oncology.

Advances in cancer treatments have significantly improved their effectiveness, yet access to first-line therapies remains limited. A 2017 survey revealed that over 25 % of metastatic melanoma patients in Europe lacked access to recommended therapies. To address this, the European Association of Dermato-Oncology and the European Melanoma Registry conducted a follow-up study on the registration and reimbursement of first-line treatments.

Associations of intraoperative end-tidal CO levels with postoperative outcome-secondary analysis of a worldwide observational study.

Background: Patients receiving intraoperative ventilation during general anesthesia often have low end-tidal CO (etCO). We examined the association of intraoperative etCO levels with the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in a conveniently-sized international, prospective study named 'Local ASsessment of Ventilatory management during General Anesthesia for Surgery' (LAS VEGAS).

Methods: Patients at high risk of PPCs were categorized as 'low etCO' or 'normal to high etCO' patients, using a cut-off of 35 mmHg.

Muscle atrophy and organ enlargement associated with quality of life during systemic therapy for melanoma: findings from an AI-based body composition analysis.

Introduction: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is emerging as an endpoint, adjunct to survival, in cancer treatment. For this reason, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) has developed standardized quality-of-life questionnaires to collect patient-reported outcome measurement (PROM), which so far have been widely used in clinical trials to evaluate the impact of new drugs on cancer patients. However, while these questionnaires comprehensively describe patient functions, little is known about their association with patient characteristics.

Win Ratio approach for the composite outcome of postoperative pulmonary complications: Secondary analysis of a harmonised and pooled database of three randomised clinical trials.

Background: The win ratio analysis method might provide new insight on the impact of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on clinical outcomes.

Objective: The aim is to re-analyse the results of the 'Re-evaluation of the effects of high PEEP with recruitment manoeuvres vs. low PEEP without recruitment manoeuvres during general anaesthesia for surgery' (REPEAT) study using the win ratio analysis.

Tissue-probe contact assessment during robotic surgery using single-fiber reflectance spectroscopy.

The introduction of robotic surgery has improved minimally invasive surgery, and now robotic surgery is used in several areas of surgical oncology. Several optical techniques can be used to discriminate cancer from healthy tissue based on their optical properties. These technologies can also be employed with a small fiber-optic probe during minimally invasive surgery; however, for acquiring reliable measurements, some optical techniques require the fiber-optic probe to be in direct contact with the tissue.

An early economic evaluation of active surveillance for low-risk ductal carcinoma .

Perform early economic evaluation comparing active surveillance (AS) to surgery for women with low-risk ductal carcinoma , a precursor of invasive breast cancer. A 10-year incremental costs (€) and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were compared between a simulated cohort of women undergoing breast conserving surgery ± radiotherapy, and a cohort with a low-risk subgroup undergoing AS using a semi-Markov model. Scenario and headroom analyses evaluated a better-performing biomarker to select low-risk women for AS.

Translating Between Radiation Dose and Late Toxicity for Lymphoma Survivors: Implications on Toxicity Counseling and Survivorship.

Radiation therapy (RT) is an important modality in the modern management of lymphoma. RT has long been recognized as a cause of late toxicity in lymphoma survivors, including serious morbidity and increased mortality from second cancers and cardiovascular disease. Many studies have quantified the relationships between radiation dose to normal tissues and the risk of late toxicities.

Measurement variability of radiologists when measuring brain tumors.

Background: In oncology trials, response evaluation criteria are pivotal in developing new treatments. This study examines the influence of measurement variability in brain lesions on response classification, considering long-standing cut-offs for progression and response were determined before the era of submillimeter resolutions of medical imaging.

Methods: We replicate a key study using modern radiological tools.

Misdiagnosis in breast imaging: a statement paper from European Society Breast Imaging (EUSOBI)-Part 2: Main causes of errors in breast imaging and recommendations from European Society of Breast Imaging to limit misdiagnosis.

Importance: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of negligence claims in radiology. The objective of this document is to describe the specific main causes of errors in breast imaging and provide European Society of Breast Imaging (EUSOBI) recommendations to try to minimize these.

Observations: Technical failures represent 17% of all mammographic diagnostic negligence claims.

Misdiagnosis in breast imaging: a statement paper from European Society Breast Imaging (EUSOBI)-Part 1: The role of common errors in radiology in missed breast cancer and implications of misdiagnosis.

Importance: Misdiagnosis in breast imaging can have significant implications for patients, healthcare providers, and the healthcare system as a whole.

Observations: Some of the potential implications of misdiagnosis in breast imaging include delayed diagnosis or false reassurance, which can result in a delay in treatment and potentially a worse prognosis. Misdiagnosis can also lead to unnecessary procedures, which can cause physical discomfort, anxiety, and emotional distress for patients, as well as increased healthcare costs.

Imaging Photoplethysmography (iPPG) in Head and Neck Reconstructive Surgery: A Novel Technique for Noninvasive Flap Perfusion Monitoring.

Background: Evaluate imaging photoplethysmography (iPPG) as a novel noninvasive technique to assess flap perfusion in head and neck free flap reconstructive (FFR) surgeries.

Methods: Intraoperative iPPG was performed in 17 patients undergoing FFR surgery. Imaging consisted of a 30-s video from which perfusion maps were extracted, providing detailed information about blood flow and pulsatility in the flap microvasculature.

Treatment sequences and survival outcomes in advanced HR + HER2- breast cancer patients: a real-world cohort.

Purpose: Palliative treatment options for HR + HER2- advanced breast cancer (ABC) patients have increased, but data is lacking about the optimal treatment sequence. We used real-world data from a comprehensive cancer center to describe applied treatment sequences and we determined treatment-related and survival outcomes.

Methods: Patients aged 18 years and older with HR + HER2- ABC treated with systemic treatment were included in this historic cohort study.

Management of Small Testicular Masses: A Delphi Consensus Study.

Background And Objective: The majority of small testicular masses (STMs) are benign and therefore radical orchidectomy (RO) may represent overtreatment. In appropriately selected patients, surveillance or testis-sparing surgery (TSS) is an alternative option to preserve testicular function. Since there are no clear guidelines, we aimed to develop consensus recommendations on the management of STMs.

Which failures do patient-specific quality assurance systems need to catch?

Background: The Joint AAPM-ESTRO TG-360 is developing a quantitative framework to evaluate treatment verification systems used for patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA). A subgroup was commissioned to determine which potential failure modes had the greatest risk to treatment quality and safety, and therefore should be evaluated as part of the PSQA verification.

Purpose: To create an extensive database of potential radiotherapy failure modes that should be detected by PSQA and to determine their relative importance for maximizing treatment quality.

Prediction of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy from primary tumour characteristics.

Objectives: To construct and externally calibrate a predictive model for early biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) incorporating clinical and modern imaging characteristics of the primary tumour.

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent RP following multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, prostate biopsy and prostate-specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA-PET/CT), from two centres in Australia and the Netherlands. The primary outcome was biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS), where BCR was defined as a rising PSA level of ≥0.