Clinical Manifestations.

Background: In cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults, the presence of a subjective cognitive decline (SCD) combined with evidence of abnormal b-amyloid (Ab) is proposed as stage 2 of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by the NIA-AA framework (Jack et al., 2018). However, the associations found between SCD and preclinical AD are inconsistent across studies, highlighting the importance of better understanding which specific SCD features are associated with either Ab or tau burden.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: The brainstem locus coeruleus (LC) is among the first sites of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, accruing hyperphosphorylated tau as early as in young adulthood. Animal studies indicate that the LC is crucially involved in sleep-wake regulation, a recently established factor contributing to AD-related pathophysiological processes. However, the associations between LC integrity and sleep-wake phenotypes in the context of AD pathology remain poorly characterized in humans.

The impact of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with cancer: emerging themes.

Purpose Of Review: This review summarizes recent literature falling broadly under the topic of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the oncology setting, highlighting emerging themes and emphasizing novel explorations.

Recent Findings: Meta-analyses continue to confirm safety and efficacy of n-3 PUFA supplementation on reducing inflammation and improving survival in people with cancer. Common themes in recent studies emphasize improving tumor-directed efficacy and reducing toxicities of common cancer therapies.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Surface dyslexia serves as a complementary feature in the classification of the semantic variant of Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA), while reading deficits have also been reported in the other two PPA variants. In opaque languages, tasks involving regular and irregular words and non-words are useful tools for dyslexia diagnosis. However, in transparent languages like Spanish, where most words are regular for reading, different approaches are needed.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) stands as a prominent cognitive impairment screening tool, finding widespread use globally and existing in official versions across 14 languages, including Spanish. Despite this, the challenges emerge due to the extensive variations within the Spanish language, which is not only the fourth most spoken language worldwide but also possesses significant geographic diversity, particularly evident in regions like Peru. Here, the intersection of regional nuances, low educational backgrounds, and culturally distinct tasks complicates the application of a standard MoCA version.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: The Amsterdam Instrumental ADL Questionnaire (A-IADL-Q) has shown promising performance in detecting subtle impairment in IADL independency. Importantly, it has not been validated in older people in a primary care setting, i.e.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) causes increasing cognitive and functional impairments, and both are therefore important outcome measures for intervention studies. Cognition and everyday functioning are often used interchangeably, yet the extent of their relationship is still unclear. We therefore aim to assess the relationship between different cognitive domains and everyday functioning across the AD spectrum.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Automated analysis of natural speech is emerging as a promising digital biomarker of Alzheimer's disease (AD). As speech is a complex process, relying on multiple interacting cognitive functions, fine-grained analysis of speech may have the potential to capture subtle cognitive deficits in the very early stages of AD. Here, we examined the association between amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathology and acoustic speech characteristics in a group of cognitively normal Dutch adults.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Anosognosia, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), manifests as a gradual decline in disease awareness, yet its neural correlates remain unclear. This study investigates how amyloid accumulation, glucose hypometabolism and cortical atrophy relate to cognitive awareness across the AD continuum. Both the pathological processes and the brain regions involved were studied.

Optical Excitation of Coherent THz Dynamics of the Rare-Earth Lattice through Resonant Pumping of f-f Electronic Transition in a Complex Perovskite DyFeO_{3}.

Resonant pumping of the electronic f-f transitions in the orbital multiplet of dysprosium ions (Dy^{3+}) in a complex perovskite DyFeO_{3} is shown to impulsively launch THz lattice dynamics corresponding to the B_{2g} phonon mode, which is dominanted by the motion of Dy^{3+} ions. The findings, supported by symmetry analysis and density-functional theory calculations, not only provide a novel route for highly selective excitation of the rare-earth crystal lattices but also establish important relationships between the symmetry of the electronic and lattice excitations in complex oxides.

R(3780) Resonance Interpreted as the 1^{3}D_{1}-Wave Dominant State of Charmonium from Precise Measurements of the Cross Section of e^{+}e^{-}→Hadrons.

We report the precise measurements of the cross section of e^{+}e^{-}→hadrons at center-of-mass energies from 3.645 to 3.871 GeV.

Effects of Patch Potentials in Electrostatic Double-Layer Forces.

We study the effects of patch potentials in the electrostatic double-layer force. In the limit of small potentials, we derive an analytic expression where the force is additive in terms of the Fourier components of the potential. Moreover, each term has a contribution of the same form as the standard double-layer force with an effective Debye length.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Verbal fluency, especially semantic fluency, may hold promise to predict clinical progression in the preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) stage, where patients show no objective cognitive impairment. We examined verbal fluency trajectories in amyloid-negative and amyloid-positive individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), as well as whether baseline fluency characteristics (total scores and item-level) predicted progression to MCI or AD dementia.

Method: We retrospectively selected data of 471 Dutch individuals with SCD, with at least 1 follow-up fluency assessment, from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort (Follow-up years = 4.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Sporadic bvFTD is often misdiagnosed as a primary psychiatric disorder (PPD) due to overlapping clinical features and lack of reliable biomarkers. The multi-centre study DIPPA-FTD aims to develop diagnostic- and prognostic-algorithms that can distinguish sporadic bvFTD from late-onset PPD. The aim of the retrospective DIPPA-FTD study was to identify the strongest clinical discriminators.

Missing data and long-term outcomes from nutrition research in the critically ill.

Purpose Of Review: The use of functional outcomes in critical care nutrition research is increasingly advocated; however, this inevitably gives rise to missing data. Consequently there is a need to adopt modern approaches to the foreseeable problem of missing functional and survival outcomes in research trials.

Recent Findings: Analyses that ignore unobserved or missing data will often return biased effect estimates.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Young onset dementia (YOD) is characterized by an atypical clinical manifestation, and it is unclear to what extent impairments in everyday functioning are part of this manifestation. This study aims to describe the prevalence and differences of difficulties in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in YOD.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 394 subjects with sporadic YOD (onset<65 years,mean(M)age 58.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Worldwide, 32 million Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients contribute to a large economic burden, making effective and safe therapies that slow or prevent the progression from pre-dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD of high priority. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a safe and patient-friendly non-invasive brain stimulation technique that serves as a potential candidate for slowing and/or reducing cognitive impairment. Application of tACS in the gamma (30-45 Hz) frequency range, specifically around 40 Hz, has been studied in patients with (pre-dementia) AD.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: It remains unclear to what extent global cognition translates to everyday functioning, although this is essential to interpreting the clinical meaningfulness of cognitive deficits. Here, we investigate potential linking between the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the proxy-based Amsterdam Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire (A-IADL-Q).

Methods: Cross-sectional data from 1228 amyloid-positive participants (age = 64±7yrs; 51.

Prevalence and risk factors of antibiotic resistance for urinary tract infections in patients presenting to a Belgian tertiary care emergency department: testing the national guidelines against the local setting.

Objectives: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are an important cause of empiric antibiotic (over)treatment at the emergency department (ED). To enhance empiric antibiotic choices, mapping the national and local microbiology and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns is crucial. This study aims to examine resistance patterns at a Brussels ED and to identify risk factors for AMR to evaluate current treatment guidelines and help combat AMR.

Impact of Synchronized Radiofrequency and High-Intensity Facial Electrical Stimulation on Facial Muscles and the Superficial Fascial System in the Midface.

Background: Midfacial aging involves skeletal changes, muscle weakening, and fat redistribution, resulting in volume loss, skin sagging, and deepened nasolabial folds. High-Intensity Facial Electrical Stimulation (HIFES) combined with Radiofrequency (RF) is a novel non-invasive method to address these changes by enhancing muscle mass and remodeling subcutaneous tissue.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of HIFES and Synchronized RF in improving midfacial aesthetics, specifically muscle thickness, skin displacement, and facial volume.

Global, regional, and national burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risks: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Background: The global burden of metabolic diseases is increasing, but estimates of their impact on primary liver cancer are uncertain. We aimed to assess the global burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risk factors, including high body mass index (BMI) and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, between 1990 and 2021.

Methods: The total number and age-standardized rates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from primary liver cancer attributable to each metabolic risk factor were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Factors Associated With Prelacteal Feeding of Commercial Milk Formula: An Analysis of Cohort Data From the BADUTA Study in Indonesia.

Introducing commercial milk formula (CMF) as prelacteal feeds can disturb exclusive breastfeeding and shorten breastfeeding duration. However, the prelacteal feeding of CMF has been growing alongside its increasing sales in Indonesia. This study examined predictors of the CMF feeding in the Malang and Sidoarjo districts of Indonesia.

Fight or Flight: Emergency Health Care Workers' Willingness to Work during Crises and Disasters. A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study in the Netherlands.

Objective: Expanding staff levels is a strategy for hospitals to increase their surge capacity. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether emergency health care workers (HCWs) are willing to work during crises or disasters, and which working conditions influence their decisions.

Methods: HCWs in the emergency departments (EDs) and intensive care units (ICUs) of 5 Dutch hospitals were surveyed about various disaster scenarios.

Major Internal Fires in Dutch Hospitals: A Scoping Review.

Objectives: Fires are among the most feared incidents that can occur in a hospital. Hospital fires will disrupt care continuity, may require the evacuation of patients and have the potential to result in injuries or even deaths. The aim of this study is to gain insight into hospital fires in the Netherlands over a 20-year period.

Phenotype Spectrum of TRPM3-Associated Disorders.

Objective: Monoallelic variants in the transient receptor potential melastatin-related type 3 gene (TRPM3) have been associated with neurodevelopmental manifestations, but knowledge on the clinical manifestations and treatment options is limited. We characterized the clinical spectrum, highlighting particularly the epilepsy phenotype, and the effect of treatments.

Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the phenotypes and genotypes of 43 individuals with TRPM3 variants, acquired from GeneMatcher and collaborations (n = 21), and through a systematic literature search (n = 22).