Trump tariffs and the U.S. defense industry.

In March 2018, U.S. President Trump announced that the U.

Thrips dynamics in Allium crops: Unraveling the role of reproductive mode and weather variables in Thrips tabaci population development.

Thrips tabaci is the main thrips species affecting onion and related species. It is a cryptic species complex comprising three phylogenetic groups characterized by different reproductive modes (thelytoky or arrhenotoky) and host plant specialization. Thrips tabaci populations vary widely in genetic diversity, raising questions about the factor(s) that drive this diversity.

Detection and analysis of Serpin and RP26 specific antibodies for monitoring Schistosoma haematobium transmission.

Background: Schistosoma haematobium is the causative pathogen for urogenital schistosomiasis. To achieve progress towards schistosomiasis elimination, there is a critical need for developing highly sensitive and specific tools to monitor transmission in near-elimination settings. Although antibody detection is a promising approach, it is usually unable to discriminate active infections from past ones.

Predicting vasovagal reactions to needles from video data using 2D-CNN with GRU and LSTM.

When undergoing or about to undergo a needle-related procedure, most people are not aware of the adverse emotional and physical reactions (so-called vasovagal reactions; VVR), that might occur. Thus, rather than relying on self-report measurements, we investigate whether we can predict VVR levels from the video sequence containing facial information measured during the blood donation. We filmed 287 blood donors throughout the blood donation procedure where we obtained 1945 videos for data analysis.

Skin cancer risk in over 200.000 patients with haematologic malignancies in 30 years; a nationwide population-based study in the Netherlands.

Background: Patients with haematologic malignancies are at increased risk of developing skin cancer and often experience worse skin cancer-related outcomes. However, there is a lack of nationwide, population-based data with long-term follow-up on the incidence and risks of different skin cancer types across all haematologic malignancies.

Objectives: To assess population-based risk estimates for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), malignant melanoma (MM), Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) among patients with haematologic malignancies, stratified by skin cancer type and haematologic malignancy subgroup.

Young, female and scientist: exploring barriers, challenges and opportunities.

Different societal, systemic and personal barriers exist at various stages along a female researcher's career that can potentially undermine their success. The equation for women to reach higher positions in STEM is a multivariable one, and while there has been considerable progress towards addressing some of these compared with the past, current solutions are inadequate and do not address all facets. Here, we asked female winners of the FEBS Open Bio poster prize about their experiences regarding barriers they have faced at the predoctoral and postdoctoral stages, their opinions on how these can be addressed and their advice to new students entering a PhD degree.

Aurora B controls microtubule stability to regulate abscission dynamics in stem cells.

Abscission is the last step of cell division. It separates the two sister cells and consists of cutting the cytoplasmic bridge. Abscission is mediated by the ESCRT membrane remodeling machinery, which also triggers the severing of a thick bundle of microtubules.

Biofield Therapies Clinical Research Landscape: A Scoping Review and Interactive Evidence Map.

Biofield Therapies, with a historical lineage spanning millennia and continuing relevance in contemporary practices, have been used to address various health conditions and promote wellbeing. The scientific study and adoption of these therapies have been hindered by cultural challenges and institutional barriers. In addition, the current research landscape for Biofield Therapies is insufficiently documented.

Disco-Interacting Protein 2 Homolog B CGG Repeat Expansion in Siblings with Neurodevelopmental Disability and Progressive Movement Disorder.

Background: Trinucleotide repeat expansions are an emerging class of genetic variants associated with various movement disorders. Unbiased genome-wide analyses can reveal novel genotype-phenotype associations and provide a diagnosis for patients and families.

Objective: The aim was to identify the genetic cause of a severe progressive movement disorder phenotype in 2 affected brothers.

Vegetation-climate feedbacks across scales.

Vegetation is often viewed as a consequence of long-term climate conditions. However, vegetation itself plays a fundamental role in shaping Earth's climate by regulating the energy, water, and biogeochemical cycles across terrestrial landscapes. It exerts influence by consuming water resources through transpiration and interception, lowering atmospheric CO concentration, altering surface roughness, and controlling net radiation and its partitioning into sensible and latent heat fluxes.

Elucidation of the Glycan Structure of the b-type Flagellin of PAO1.

Flagella are essential for motility and pathogenicity in many bacteria. The main component of the flagellar filament, flagellin (FliC), often undergoes post-translational modifications, with glycosylation being a common occurrence. In PAO1, the b-type flagellin is -glycosylated with a structure that includes a deoxyhexose, a phospho-group, and a previous unknown moiety.

The Songdo consensus: Development of minimum reporting standards for studies of intervention in idiopathic anal fistula using a modified nominal group technique.

Aim: Cryptoglandular anal fistulas carry a substantial burden to quality of life. Surgery is the only effective curative treatment but requires balancing fistula healing against pain, wounds and continence impairment. Sphincter-preserving procedures do exist but demonstrate variable rates of success.

Biotic and Abiotic Drivers of Ecosystem Temporal Stability in Herbaceous Wetlands in China.

Maintaining the stability of ecosystems is critical for supporting essential ecosystem services over time. However, our understanding of the contribution of the diverse biotic and abiotic factors to this stability in wetlands remains limited. Here, we combined data from a field vegetation survey of 725 herbaceous wetland sites in China with remote sensing information from the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from 2010 to 2020 to explore the contribution of biotic and abiotic factors to the temporal stability of primary productivity.

Effects of an intervention targeting social media app use on well-being outcomes: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Interventions targeting social media use show mixed results in improving well-being outcomes, particularly for persons with problematic forms of smartphone use. This study assesses the effectiveness of an intervention app in enhancing well-being outcomes and the moderating role of persons' perceptions about problematic smartphone use (PSU).

Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, N = 70 participants, allocated to the intervention (n = 35) or control condition (n = 35), completed weekly online surveys at baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up.

Natural Killer Cell Education in Women With Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.

Problem: Natural killer (NK) cells undergo education for full functionality via interactions between killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) or NKG2A and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ligands. Presumably, education is important during early pregnancy as insufficient education has been associated with impaired vascular remodeling and restricted fetal growth in mice. NK cell education is influenced by receptor co-expression patterns, human cytomegalovirus (CMV), the HLA-E107 dimorphism, and HLA-B leader peptide variants.

Breast MRI to Screen Women With Extremely Dense Breasts.

Women with extremely dense breasts are at a higher risk of breast cancer, and the sensitivity of mammography in this group is reduced due to the masking effect of overlapping tissue. This review examines supplemental screening methods to improve detection in this population, with a focus on MRI. Morphologic techniques offer limited benefits, digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) shows inconsistent results, and ultrasound (US), while improving cancer detection rates (CDR), results in a higher rate of false positives.

Congenital Titinopathy: Comprehensive Characterization of the Most Severe End of the Disease Spectrum.

Unlabelled: Congenital titinopathy has recently emerged as one of the most common congenital muscle disorders.

Objective: To better understand the presentation and clinical needs of the under-characterized extreme end of the congenital titinopathy severity spectrum.

Methods: We comprehensively analyzed the clinical, imaging, pathology, autopsy, and genetic findings in 15 severely affected individuals from 11 families.

Mechanisms of enhancer-driven oncogene activation.

An aggressive subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is caused by enhancer hijacking resulting in MECOM overexpression. Several chromosomal rearrangements can lead to this: the most common (inv(3)/t(3;3)) results in a hijacked GATA2 enhancer, and there are several atypical MECOM rearrangements involving enhancers from other hematopoietic genes. The set of enhancers which can be hijacked by MECOM can also be hijacked by BCL11B.

Cost-effectiveness of Dual Hypothermic Oxygenated Machine Perfusion Versus Static Cold Storage in DCD Liver Transplantation.

Background: Ex situ machine perfusion of the donor liver, such as dual hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (DHOPE), is increasingly used in liver transplantation. Although DHOPE reduces ischemia/reperfusion-related complications after liver transplantation, data on cost-effectiveness are lacking. Our objective was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of DHOPE in donation after circulatory death (DCD) liver transplantation.

Cost-effectiveness of data driven personalised antibiotic dosing in critically ill patients with sepsis or septic shock.

Purpose: This study provides an economic evaluation of bedside, data-driven, and model-informed precision dosing of antibiotics in comparison with usual care among critically ill patients with sepsis or septic shock.

Methods: This economic evaluation was conducted alongside an AutoKinetics randomized controlled trial. Effect measures included quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), mortality and pharmacokinetic target attainment.

Non-targeted metabolomics-based molecular networking enables the chemical characterization of Rumex sanguineus, a wild edible plant.

Introduction And Objective: Rumex sanguineus, a traditional medicinal plant of the Polygonaceae family, is gaining popularity as an edible resource. However, despite its historical and nutritional significance, its chemical composition remains poorly understood. To deepen the understanding of the of Rumex sanguineus composition, an in-depth analysis using non-targeted, mass spectrometry-based metabolomics was performed.

Proximal remote sensing: an essential tool for bridging the gap between high-resolution ecosystem monitoring and global ecology.

A new proliferation of optical instruments that can be attached to towers over or within ecosystems, or 'proximal' remote sensing, enables a comprehensive characterization of terrestrial ecosystem structure, function, and fluxes of energy, water, and carbon. Proximal remote sensing can bridge the gap between individual plants, site-level eddy-covariance fluxes, and airborne and spaceborne remote sensing by providing continuous data at a high-spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we review recent advances in proximal remote sensing for improving our mechanistic understanding of plant and ecosystem processes, model development, and validation of current and upcoming satellite missions.

Academic motivation-achievement cycle and the behavioural pathways: A short-timeframe experiment with manipulated perceived achievement.

Background: The purported reciprocity between motivation and academic achievement in education has largely been supported by correlational data.

Aims: Our first aim was to determine experimentally whether motivation and achievement are reciprocally related. The second objective was to investigate a potential behavioural mediation pathway between motivation and achievement by measuring the objective effort expended on learning.

Defining Health Management: A Conceptual Foundation for Excellence Through Efficiency, Sustainability and Equity.

The practice of healthcare management is essential for the efficient operation of health services, encompassing leadership, management, and direction within healthcare organisations. 'Health management' extends beyond healthcare management by integrating principles of public health and health policy. As health management is commonly practised but not cohesively recognised, the European Health Management Association (EHMA) conducted this study to develop a cohesive definition of health management.