Unveiling the interplay between soluble guanylate cyclase activation and redox signalling in stroke pathophysiology and treatment.

Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stands as a pivotal regulatory element in intracellular signalling pathways, mediating the formation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and impacting diverse physiological processes across tissues. Increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is widely recognized to modulate cGMP signalling. Indeed, oxidatively damaged, and therefore inactive sGC, contributes to poor vascular reactivity and more severe neurological damage upon stroke.

Non-visual colour: A qualitative study of how the totally blind and an achromatope navigate colour in the sighted world.

Colour plays an important role in the sighted world, not only by guiding and warning, but also by helping to make decisions, form opinions, and influence emotional landscape. While not everyone has direct access to this information, even people without colour vision (i.e.

Epidemiology of DSM-5 PTSD and ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD in the Netherlands.

Introduction: Information regarding the prevalence of potentially traumatic events (PTEs), DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and ICD-11 complex PTSD (CPTSD) in the Netherlands is currently lacking, as is data on treatment uptake and treatment barriers. We aimed to provide prevalence estimates for potentially traumatic events, PTSD and CPTSD in the Netherlands, describe treatment seeking behavior and explore associated risk factors.

Method: We included a sample of 1690 participants aged 16 years and older across the Netherlands via the Longitudinal Internet studies for the Social Sciences panel, a true probability sample of households drawn from the population register by Statistics Netherlands.

From movement to mind: Early fine motor skills are associated with cognitive performance at school age in very preterm infants.

Background: Although preterm birth is associated with deficits in both motor and cognitive functioning, the association between early motor skills and cognitive outcomes at a later age remains underexplored.

Aim: To evaluate associations between motor skills at age 5.5 and cognitive functioning at age 8.

In vitro activity of omadacycline against geographically diverse rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) clinical isolates.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are emerging opportunistic pathogens with limited treatment options due to resistance to multiple antibiotic classes. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro activity of omadacycline and comparator antibiotics against rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) clinical isolates. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) evaluation of RGM clinical isolates was performed by two independent laboratories (EU and Japan).

A Patient-Oriented Implementation Strategy for a Perioperative mHealth Intervention: Feasibility Cohort Study.

Background: Day surgery is being increasingly implemented across Europe, driven in part by capacity problems. Patients recovering at home could benefit from tools tailored to their new care setting to effectively manage their convalescence. The mHealth application ikHerstel is one such tool, but although it administers its functions in the home, its implementation hinges on health care professionals within the hospital.

Identifying depression subtypes and investigating their consistency and transitions in a 1-year cohort analysis.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is defined by an array of symptoms that make it challenging to understand the condition at a population level. Subtyping offers a way to unpick this phenotypic diversity for improved disorder characterisation. We aimed to identify depression subtypes longitudinally using the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology: Self-Report (IDS-SR).

Maternal occupational exposures during early stages of pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in the NINFEA birth-cohort.

Objectives: Maternal occupational exposures during early pregnancy can be detrimental to foetus health and have short- and long-term health effects on the child. This study examined their association with adverse birth outcomes.

Methods: The study included 3938 nulliparous women from the Italian NINFEA mother-child cohort.

Analysis of the social-epistemological dimensions of a Clinical Teaching Unit and Small Private Online Course compared to a traditional clerkship Internal Medicine.

Clinical workplace learning is often suboptimal due to the dynamics of the clinical learning environment and several challenges encountered in clinical practice. At LUMC, clinical teachers introduced a novel blended learning program that included both the introduction of a Clinical Teaching Unit (CTU) and Small Private Online Course (SPOC). This study aimed to analyze the educational content and design of our educational interventions, by categorizing and comparing the dimensions of the learning program before and after the interventions.

Digital tools and technologies used in food fortification: A scoping review.

Food fortification (i.e., industrial fortification and biofortification) increases the micronutrient content of foods to improve population nutrition.

Exercise prior to cognitive behavior therapy sessions for depression: a feasibility pilot study.

Exercise directly improves mood and cognition. Providing exercise immediately before cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) sessions may therefore enhance the clinical responsiveness to CBT. The present pilot study examined the feasibility and direction of effect of exercise+CBT versus CBT in depressed outpatients using a stepped wedged design.

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes after Multiple General Anesthetic Exposures before 5 Years of Age: A Cohort Study.

Background: The general anaesthesia or awake-regional anaesthesia in infancy (GAS) trial demonstrated evidence that most neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 and 5 yr of age in infants who received a single general anesthetic for elective inguinal herniorrhaphy were clinically equivalent when compared to infants who did not receive general anesthesia. More than 20% of the children in the trial had at least one subsequent anesthetic exposure after their initial surgery. Using the GAS database, this study aimed to address whether multiple (two or more) general anesthetic exposures compared to one or no general anesthetic exposure in early childhood were associated with worse neurodevelopmental outcomes at 5 yr.

Kinetic Control of Self-Assembly Pathway in Dual Dynamic Covalent Polymeric Systems.

Kinetically controlled self-assembly is garnering increasing interest in the field of supramolecular polymers and materials, yet examples involving dynamic covalent exchange remain relatively unexplored. Here we report an unexpected dynamic covalent polymeric system whose aqueous self-assembly pathway is strongly influenced by the kinetics of evaporation of water. The key design is to integrate dual dynamic covalent bonds-including disulfide bonds and boroxine/borate-into a dynamic equilibrium system of monomers, polymers, and materials.

Esophageal Candida Infection and Esophageal Cancer Risk in Patients With Achalasia.

Importance: Patients with achalasia face a higher risk of developing esophageal cancer (EC), but the surveillance strategies for these patients remain controversial due to the long disease duration and the lack of identified risk factors.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of esophageal Candida infection among patients with achalasia and to assess the association of Candida infection with EC risk within this population.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study included patients with achalasia diagnosed at or referred for treatment and monitoring to the Erasmus University Medical Center in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, between January 1, 1980, and May 31, 2024.

Small Interfering RNA Therapy for the Management and Prevention of Hypertension.

Purpose Of Review: To review currently existing knowledge on a new type of antihypertensive treatment, small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting hepatic angiotensinogen.

Recent Findings: Targeting angiotensinogen synthesis in the liver with siRNA allows reaching a suppression of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity for up to 6 months after 1 injection. This might revolutionize antihypertensive treatment, as it could overcome non-adherence, the major reason for inadequate blood pressure control.

Adverse health outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among long-term adolescent and young adult (AYA) brain tumour survivors: results from the population-based SURVAYA study.

Purpose: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) malignant brain tumour (BT) survivors are at risk of adverse health outcomes, which may impact their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to investigate the (1) prevalence of physical and psychological adverse health outcomes, (2) the HRQoL, and (3) the association of adverse health outcomes and HRQoL among long-term AYA-BT survivors. Adverse health outcomes and HRQoL were compared to other AYA cancer (AYAC) survivors.

Machine learning prediction model for oral mucositis risk in head and neck radiotherapy: a preliminary study.

Purpose: Oral mucositis (OM) reflects a complex interplay of several risk factors. Machine learning (ML) is a promising frontier in science, capable of processing dense information. This study aims to assess the performance of ML in predicting OM risk in patients undergoing head and neck radiotherapy.

Monounsaturated fatty acids from plant or animal sources and risk of type 2 diabetes in three large prospective cohorts of men and women.

Aims/hypothesis: Existing evidence on the relationship between intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and type 2 diabetes is conflicting. Few studies have examined whether MUFAs from plant or animal sources (MUFA-Ps and MUFA-As, respectively) exhibit differential associations with type 2 diabetes. We examined associations of intakes of total MUFAs, MUFA-Ps and MUFA-As with type 2 diabetes risk.

Interpretable machine learning models for COPD ease of breathing estimation.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide and greatly reduces the quality of life. Utilizing remote monitoring has been shown to improve quality of life and reduce exacerbations, but remains an ongoing area of research. We introduce a novel method for estimating changes in ease of breathing for COPD patients, using obstructed breathing data collected via wearables.

Predictors of Bilateral Disease in Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Histopathologic Insights and Preoperative Ultrasonography.

Background: With the current shift toward de-escalation of surgical management in low-risk papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), understanding predictors and the clinical significance of additional tumors in the contralateral lobe is important. This study investigated the histopathologic predictors of bilateral disease in low-risk PTC patients and the utility of preoperative ultrasonography in guiding completion thyroidectomy decisions.

Methods: Patients treated with total thyroidectomy (TT) for low-risk PTCs (< 4 cm) at the Endocrine Surgical Unit of the Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney from 2013 to 2020 were identified from a prospectively maintained database.

Prostate motion in magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiotherapy and its impact on margins.

Purpose: This study focused on reducing the margin for prostate cancer treatment using magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiotherapy by investigating the intrafractional motion of the prostate and different motion-mitigation strategies.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed intrafractional prostate motion in 77 patients with low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer treated with five fractions of 7.25 Gy on a 1.

Tenascin-X deficiency causing classical-like Ehlers Danlos syndrome type 1 in humans is a significant risk factor for GI and tracheal ruptures.

Background: Classical-like Ehlers Danlos Syndrome type 1 (clEDS1) is a very rare form of Ehlers Danlos Syndrome (EDS) caused by tenascin-X (TNX) deficiency, with only 56 individuals reported. TNX is an extracellular matrix protein needed for collagen stability. Previous publications propose that individuals with clEDS1 might be at risk for gastrointestinal (GI) tract perforations and/or tracheal ruptures.

Clinical criteria for limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy.

Limbic predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC) is highly prevalent in late life and a common co-pathology with Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change (ADNC). LATE-NC is a slowly progressive, amnestic clinical syndrome. Alternatively, when present with ADNC, LATE-NC is associated with a more rapid course.