Unraveling lipopolysaccharide-induced behavioral and molecular effects in Lymnaea stagnalis, an emerging model organism for translational neuroscience.

In this study, we employed a reductionist (yet not simplistic) approach utilizing the established invertebrate model system of the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis, to investigate the behavioral and molecular effects of systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-a bacterial endotoxin-on the snails' central ring ganglia. Snails received injections of either a low dose (2.5 μg) or a high dose (25 μg) of LPS, and their behavioral and molecular responses were assessed at 2, 6, and 24 h post-injection.

Frequent PD-L1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma of non-smokers and non-drinkers, and association of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes with favorable prognosis.

Objectives: To determine the presence and prognostic value of PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) of non-smokers and non-drinkers (NSND).

Materials And Methods: Clinical characteristics and tumor tissue of 86 NSND with OSCC were retrospectively collected and analyzed for protein expression on tissue microarrays. Immunohistochemistry was performed for expression of PD-L1 CPS, PD-L2 TPS, and PD-1, CD45, CD8, CD4, CD3, and FoxP3-positive TILs/mm.

Evaluation of a ductal carcinoma in situ component accompanying HER2-positive invasive breast cancer on contrast-enhanced mammography.

Objectives: A DCIS component can be present accompanying HER2+ invasive breast cancer (IBC) in approximately 57 % of patients. Until now, no contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) studies have investigated the detection of a DCIS component, which is important for surgical decision-making. This study aimed to investigate imaging findings of a DCIS component in HER2+ IBC on CEM.

RF-EMF exposure assessment with add-on uplink exposure sensor in different microenvironments in seven European countries.

Introduction: Several devices have been developed to assess exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF). Since the existing solutions to measure the personal exposure induced by emerging 5G New Radio (NR) are expensive, complex, and bulky, a new cost efficient and low-complexity sensor is developed, that aims to measure RF-EMF exposure in different scenarios of data transmission within different areas.

Methods: With this novel sensor, activity-based microenvironmental surveys were conducted across seven European countries: Belgium, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Switzerland, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.

Divers with large or normal lungs: is the difference justified?

Introduction: Measurements of forced vital capacity (FVC) have shown that divers have larger lungs than members of the general population. Bullae or decompression illness (DCI) secondary to pulmonary barotrauma is more likely to occur in large lungs (LLs) than in normal lungs (NLs). This study retrospectively compared lung function, high-resolution CT (HRCT) scan anomalies, the unfit-to-dive rate, and the prevalence of DCI in groups of divers with LLs and NLs.

HLA-haploidentical stem cell transplantation for chronic granulomatous disease: an EBMT-IEWP retrospective study.

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inborn error of immunity characterized by defective NADPH oxidase function, leading to impaired microbial killing, recurrent infections and granulomatous inflammation. Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative treatment for CGD, particularly effective when a fully HLA-matched donor is available. However, the place of HLA-haploidentical HSCT remains less established.

A TIM-3-Fc decoy secreted by engineered T cells improves CD19 CAR-T cell therapy in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) remains a challenging disease with a dismal prognosis. Despite the revolutionary impact of CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR19)-T cell therapy, >50% of patients relapse within a year. Both leukemia cell-intrinsic factors favoring immune escape and poor CAR-T cell persistence contribute significantly to clinical failure.

Humidity Disrupts Structural and Chiroptical Properties of Chiral 2D Perovskites.

Chiral two-dimensional (2D) hybrid organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite semiconductors have emerged as an exceptional material platform with many design opportunities for spintronic applications. However, a comprehensive understanding of changes to the crystal structure and chiroptical properties upon exposure to atmospheric humidity has not been established. We demonstrate phase degradation to the 1D (MBA)PbI (MBA = methylbenzylammonium) and the hypothetical (MBA)PbI·HO hydrate phases, accompanied by a reduction and disappearance of the chiroptical response.

Cognitive reactivity compared to other risk factors in the prediction of depressive episodes over two and nine years: a longitudinal cohort study.

Objective: Cognitive Reactivity (CR) is the (re-)activation of negative cognitions by dysphoric mood. We examined whether CR predicts depressive episodes across 2 and 9 years, beyond subclinical depressive symptoms, neuroticism, and previous depressive episodes.

Methods: Participants ( = 1,734) from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) were never-depressed or remitted-depressed for ≥1 month prior to baseline.

Reciprocal associations between trajectories of physical activity and physical function among older women: findings from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health.

Background: While physical activity (PA) is known to improve physical function (PF), and functional decline impacts the capacity to engage in PA, the reciprocal relationship between PA and PF remains unclear.

Methods: Data were from participants in the 1921-26 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (N=8,238). PA and PF were assessed at three-year intervals from 1999 (73-78y) to 2011 (85-90y).

CT-Based radiomics nomogram of lung and mediastinal features to identify cardiovascular disease in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a multicenter study.

Rationale And Objectives: To investigate the performance of two diagnostic models based on CT-derived lung and mediastinum radiomics nomograms for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients.

Materials And Methods: Hospitalized participants with COPD were retrospectively recruited between September 2015 and April 2023. Clinical data and visual coronary artery calcium score (CACS) were collected.

Principles of optimal multidisciplinary management of prostate cancer in clinical practice.

Advances in the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer have significantly changed the disease landscape. While benefiting from better oncological outcomes, patients are now experiencing higher rates of non-cancer comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease. The increasing impact of cardiovascular disease in those with prostate cancer led to the expanding role of cardio-oncology professionals in enhancing the multidisciplinary care of these patients.

Assisting Employers of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) to Support Employees on Long-Term Sick-Leave: Development of a Web-Based SME Tool Using Intervention Mapping.

Purpose: Employers of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face challenges in supporting employees on long-term sick-leave, due to limited resources and expertise available. This study aimed to develop an intervention assisting employers of SMEs in supporting long-term sick-listed employees during sick-leave and return to work (RTW).

Methods: Intervention mapping (IM) steps 1-4 were employed to develop the intervention.

Comparison of uveitis manifestations in patients with active systemic tuberculosis and those with positive interferon-gamma release assay without active disease.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical manifestations of uveitis in patients with active systemic tuberculosis (TB) and compare them to those with uveitis of undetermined cause who were positive for the interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) but did not have active systemic TB.

Methods: This retrospective study included 118 patients: 51 with uveitis and active systemic TB, 52 with undetermined cause of uveitis and positive IGRA but no active systemic TB, and 15 with positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results from ocular fluids but no active systemic TB. Demographic data, ocular findings, and systemic TB investigations were analysed and compared.

Improved GVHD-free and relapse-free survival after ex vivo αβTCR and CD19 depleted allogeneic HSCT compared to T cell replete HSCT.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) aims to cure patients without inducing severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) or relapse. In prospective studies of mostly pediatric patients with haploidentical donors, ex vivo αβTCR/CD19 depletion has shown to have low incidences of GVHD, but data for adults with matched related (MRD) or unrelated donors (MUD) remain limited. We analyzed the outcomes of recipients who received a myeloablative regimen plus ATG, followed by an αβTCR/CD19-depleted allograft (cohort D+ATG (n = 122)), and compared outcomes to T cell-replete cohorts (cohort R (N = 60)); without ATG; R+ATG = with ATG (N = 129) in a single-center retrospective analysis.

Forb diversity globally is harmed by nutrient enrichment but can be rescued by large mammalian herbivory.

Forbs ("wildflowers") are important contributors to grassland biodiversity but are vulnerable to environmental changes. In a factorial experiment at 94 sites on 6 continents, we test the global generality of several broad predictions: (1) Forb cover and richness decline under nutrient enrichment, particularly nitrogen enrichment. (2) Forb cover and richness increase under herbivory by large mammals.

In vivo deletion of a GWAS-identified Myb distal enhancer acts on Myb expression, globin switching, and clinical erythroid parameters in β-thalassemia.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous genetic variants linked to human diseases, mostly located in non-coding regions of the genome, particularly in putative enhancers. However, functional assessment of the non-coding GWAS variants has progressed at slow pace, since the functions of the vast majority of genomic enhancers have not been defined, impeding interpretation of disease-susceptibility variants. The HBS1L-MYB intergenic region harbors multiple SNPs associated with clinical erythroid parameters, including fetal hemoglobin levels, a feature impacting disease severity of beta-hemoglobinopathies such as sickle cell anemia and beta-thalassemia.

Towards enhanced Sargassum monitoring in the Caribbean Sea.

Monitoring Sargassum along the coasts of the Greater Caribbean has become essential due to recurrent blooms since 2018, which bring severe ecological, economic, and social impacts that accumulate yearly. Developing an advanced, monitoring platform would enable affected countries to make informed decisions, manage critical zones, and mitigate negative impacts on coastal ecosystems, economies, and public health. In this work, we present the LANOT platform, a new tool for monitoring Sargassum across the Mexican Caribbean and neighboring regions, including Belize, Guatemala, and parts of Honduras.

Prioritizing involuntary immobility in climate policy and disaster planning.

Globally, populations are increasingly located in areas at high risk of climate change impacts. Some populations lack the agency to move out of harm's way, leading to involuntary immobility. The climate risks these populations face are insufficiently addressed in climate policy and disaster planning.

Platelet transfusion and bleeding risk.

In neonatal patients, bleeding is a multifactorial event in which several factors may play a pathogenic role. Among these, thrombocytopenia is often considered a risk factor for bleeding, although a causal relationship has never been demonstrated. In fact, major bleeding mainly occurs in non-thrombocytopenic newborns and thrombocytopenic newborns rarely experience major bleeding.

MicroRNA regulation of enteric nervous system development and disease.

The enteric nervous system (ENS), an elaborate network of neurons and glia woven through the gastrointestinal tract, is integral for digestive physiology and broader human health. Commensurate with its importance, ENS dysfunction is linked to a range of debilitating gastrointestinal disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), with their pleiotropic roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation, serve as key developmental effectors within the ENS.

Rapid connectivity modulations unify long-term and working memory.

Panichello et al. recently demonstrated that working memory (WM) information can be maintained without active neural firing. Instead, it is stored in rapidly modulating neural connectivity patterns.

Real-world pharmacokinetics of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor in children with cystic fibrosis: a prospective observational study.

Background: The clinical efficacy of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) in children with cystic fibrosis (cwCF) is variable; some respond, while others do not or have side effects. The pharmacokinetics (PK) of ETI are poorly described in published research, particularly when it comes to children. Knowledge of the PK in this population may provide more insight into the exposure-response relationship of the drugs and its corresponding inter-patient variability (IIV).

Defining the Quality Attributes for Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Medicinal Products.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) medicinal products (MPs) show promise for treating solid tumors, especially metastatic melanoma, in the clinical trial setting. Through these studies, TIL developers have gained an immunological perspective into the mechanism of action (MoA) and infusion product characteristics that influence clinical response. However, to reach marketing authorization for any of the TIL MPs, it will be beneficial to gain a pharmaceutical (process) development perspective as well, from which control of the TIL MPs manufacturing process can be demonstrated and a suitable control strategy can be developed.

Cervical cancer in pregnancy.

Cervical cancer is one of the most common and challenging malignancies diagnosed during pregnancy, requiring a complex balance between effective oncological management and pregnancy preservation. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence and clinical experience regarding the management of cervical cancer in pregnant patients. While treatment should generally follow standard protocols for nonpregnant patients, emerging data suggest that pregnancy can often be safely maintained without compromising oncological outcomes.