The engagement of healthcare providers in implementing the selfBACK randomised controlled trial - A mixed-methods process evaluation.

Background: People with low back pain (LBP) are often recommended to self-manage their condition, but it can be challenging without support. Digital health interventions (DHIs) have shown promise in supporting self-management of LBP, but little is known about healthcare providers' (HCPs) engagement in implementing these.

Aims: We aimed to examine HCPs' engagement in patient recruitment for the selfBACK app clinical trial and explore their perceptions of the app.

Characterization of bioaerosol exposures in wastewater treatment plant workers and serum levels of lung and inflammatory markers.

Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) workers are exposed to bioaerosols containing bacteria, fungi, and endotoxin, potentially posing health risks to workers. This study quantified personal exposure levels to airborne bacteria and fungi, endotoxin, and dust among 44 workers during two seasons at four WWTPs. Associations between the exposure measurements and serum levels of biomarkers CRP, SAA, and CC16 were also assessed.

Organizational strategies of eldercare work and health - Is the daily number of residents cared for over 14 months associated with back pain?

Objectives: The growing care demands of an aging population and a smaller workforce is a big societal problem. Therefore, knowledge on how to organize eldercare work without hampering workers` health is needed. We aimed to investigate if workers` daily number of residents cared for over 14 months is associated with low-back pain in eldercare workers.

Experiments and modelling of pulmonary surfactant disruption by aerosolised compounds.

Within the deep lung, pulmonary surfactant coats the air-liquid interface at the surface of the alveoli. This complex mixture of amphiphilic molecules and proteins modifies the surface tension and mechanical properties of this interface to assist with breathing. In this study, we examine the effects on pulmonary surfactant function by two industrially used compounds composing surfactants and polymers.

The Psychosocial Hierarchy of Controls: Effectively Reducing Psychosocial Hazards at Work.

Background: Psychosocial hazards in the workplace contribute to mental disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and musculoskeletal ill-health. The Hierarchy of Controls applied to NIOSH Total Worker Health (TWH HOC) aims to mitigate these hazards through effective interventions. This study proposes a revision of the model resulting in a HOC for psychosocial hazards (P-HOC) and explores its application in improving the working environment.

Indoor air quality and symptoms of acute respiratory infections and gastrointestinal issues in children and employees in day-care nurseries.

Background: Children attending day-care centers (DCCs) experience more infections than those cared for at home and DCC employees have high sickness absence rates. This study aimed to investigate the association between indoor air quality and absenteeism among children and staff in DCCs.

Methods: CO levels, relative humidity (RH), and temperature were continuously measured in 22 DCCs over 3 winter months.

Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure in Trainee Firefighters Using PAH CALUX Bioassay.

This work investigated the application of a reporter gene bioassay in assessing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure in trainee firefighters. In the PAH CALUX bioassay, the PAH-induced activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in a reporter cell line is recorded by increased luminescence. A repeated measurement study was performed, collecting urine and skin wipe samples at two baseline sessions (spring and autumn) and after three firefighting sessions: one with wood fuel, one with gas fuel, and one without fire.

Long working hours and health in Denmark: a post hoc analysis of three cohort studies.

Background: To protect the safety and health of workers, national legislations often stipulate an upper limit to weekly working time. The purpose of the present study was to provide information that may facilitate the obtainment of evidence-based limits to weekly working time.

Objective: To estimate incidence rate ratios (RRs) of (i) hospital treatment or death due to accidental injuries, (ii) redeemed prescriptions for psychotropic drugs and (iii) redeemed prescriptions for antihypertensive drugs, respectively, as continuous functions of weekly working hours among employees in the general population of Denmark.

Lower chlorinated PCBs accumulate in demolition workers while working on a contaminated worksite.

Several buildings in a Danish social housing estate exceeded indoor air guidance values for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), leading to their demolition. Here, we conducted a biomonitoring study among the workers on-site (n = 24) to evaluate their exposure to all 209 PCBs across the two-year demolition. We compared their PCB serum concentrations and accumulation to those of demolition workers at other worksites (n = 21) and office workers (n = 17).

Estimation of Joint Kinetics During Manual Material Handling Using Inertial Motion Capture: A Follow-Up Study.

Musculoskeletal models based on inertial motion capture (IMC) and ground reaction force (GRF) prediction hold great potential for field-based risk assessment of manual material handling (MMH). However, previous evaluations have identified inaccuracies in the methodology's estimation of spinal forces, while the accuracy of other key outcome variables is currently unclear. This study evaluated knee, shoulder, and L5-S1 joint reaction forces (JRFs) derived from a musculoskeletal model based on inertial motion capture and GRF prediction against a model based on simultaneously collected optical motion capture (OMC) and force plate measurements.

'Why do GPs want to come here?': residents' intentions to register with new-coming GPs in a disadvantaged neighbourhood in Copenhagen with a GP shortage: a qualitative study.

Objective And Intervention: To explore contextual factors influencing residents' intentions to register with one of the new-coming GPs established as a result of a municipally driven GP coverage intervention in a disadvantaged neighbourhood in Copenhagen with a GP shortage.

Design: A qualitative study design informed by realist methodology was used to conduct the study. Data were obtained through a survey with residents ( = 67), two focus group interviews with residents ( = 21), semi-structured interviews with the project- and local community stakeholders ( = 8) and participant observations in the neighbourhood.

Evaluation of the ActiMotus Software to Accurately Classify Postures and Movements in Children Aged 3-14.

Background: ActiMotus, a thigh-accelerometer-based software used for the classification of postures and movements (PaMs), has shown high accuracy among adults and school-aged children; however, its accuracy among younger children and potential differences between sexes are unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of ActiMotus to measure PaMs among children between 3 and 14 years and to assess if this was influenced by the sex or age of children.

Method: Forty-eight children attended a structured ~1-hour data collection session at a laboratory.

Patient Perspectives on Blended Internet-Based and Face-to-Face Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder: Qualitative Study.

Background: Harmful alcohol consumption has been identified as a major contributor to disease, mortality, and social harm, accounting for 5.3% of worldwide deaths annually. In Denmark, an estimated 150,000 people suffer from alcohol use disorder (AUD), but a low proportion seek treatment due to person- and treatment-related barriers.

Virtual Reality-Based Exposure With 360° Environments for Social Anxiety Disorder: Usability and Feasibility Study.

Background: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a long-term and overwhelming fear of social situations that can affect work, school, and other daily activities. Although cognitive behavioral therapy is effective, few seek treatment, and many who do start often drop out. This may be due to the component of exposure inherent to cognitive behavioral therapy, where the patient confronts feared stimuli outside the therapist's office, which they otherwise try to avoid.

Effects of Occupational and Leisure-Time Physical Activity on the Risk of Dementia: Results From the Copenhagen City Heart Study.

Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) decreases the risk of dementia, whereas occupational physical activity (OPA) possibly increases the risk. Yet, previous findings are mixed. We therefore aimed to investigate the effect of LTPA and OPA, respectively, on dementia among men and women.

Effectiveness of a Goldilocks work intervention to promote musculoskeletal health among industrial workers - A cluster randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Industrial workers with physically demanding work have increased risk of musculoskeletal pain. The present 12-week Goldilocks Work intervention aimed to organize work among industrial workers to comprise a 'just right' ergonomic balance of physical behaviors (i.e.

Airborne particulate matter and diesel engine exhaust on infrastructure construction sites in the Copenhagen metropolitan area.

Diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is carcinogenic and potentially hazardous for those working in close proximity to diesel-powered machines. This study characterizes workplace exposure to DEE and its associated particulate matter (PM) during outdoor construction activities. We sampled at 4 construction sites in the Copenhagen metropolitan area.

Next Generation Risk Assessment approaches for advanced nanomaterials: Current status and future perspectives.

This manuscript discusses the challenges of applying New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) for safe by design and regulatory risk assessment of advanced nanomaterials (AdNMs). The authors propose a framework for Next Generation Risk Assessment of AdNMs involving NAMs that is aligned to the conventional risk assessment paradigm. This framework is exposure-driven, endpoint-specific, makes best use of pre-existing information, and can be implemented in tiers of increasing specificity and complexity of the adopted NAMs.

Online SPE-LC-MS-MS method for eight hydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine and determination of optimal sampling time after firefighter training.

Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs) are formed during incomplete combustion and firefighters are inadvertently at risk of being exposed to these and other hazardous compounds. Exposure to PAHs is often estimated by measuring their hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PAH) in urine. Here, an online-SPE LC-MS-MS method was set up for eight OH-PAHs thus increasing sample throughput and minimizing manual handling.

The Underlying Mechanism of Poisoning after the Accidental Inhalation of Aerosolised Waterproofing Spray.

Waterproofing sprays can cause acute respiratory symptoms after inhalation, including coughing and dyspnoea shortly after use. Here, we describe two cases where persons used the same brand of waterproofing spray product. In both cases the persons followed the instructions on the product and maximized the ventilation by opening windows and doors; however, they still became affected during the application of the product.

Sleep duration and quality in permanent night work: an observational field study.

Purpose: Permanent night workers conceivably show better adaptation of circadian rhythms to night work than shift workers and therefore better possibilities of obtaining sufficient sleep of good quality after night shifts. We investigated the effect of night shifts including number of consecutive shifts on sleep among self-selected permanent night workers, and studied if the effect of night shifts differed between morning and evening types and compared with 3-shift workers.

Methods: The study population included 90 permanent night workers followed for 14 days (warehouse workers, 1228 observation days, 80% males).

Effects of ethanol or ethylene glycol exposure on PPARγ and aromatase expression in adipose tissue.

The estrogen-synthesizing enzyme aromatase is expressed in adipose tissue where it controls the local concentration of estrogen. It has been suggested that the organic solvents ethanol and ethylene glycol can induce estrogen synthesis by inhibiting PPARγ activity. Since elevated estrogen synthesis in adipose tissue is a risk factor for breast cancer development, it is of interest to further characterize the mechanisms regulating aromatase expression.