The Pharmacological Management of Ketamine Use Disorder: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: There has been limited evidence synthesis examining treatment of ketamine use disorder. We aimed to conduct a systematic review to assess the efficacy and tolerability of pharmacological interventions in the management of ketamine use disorder.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) from database inception to November 14, 2023, for studies of any design that reported on any pharmacological intervention in the management of ketamine use disorder.

Mobile telephone-delivered contingency management interventions promoting behaviour change in individuals with substance use disorders: a meta-analysis.

Background/aims: Contingency management (CM) interventions have gained considerable interest due to their success in the treatment of addiction. However, their implementation can be resource-intensive for clinical staff. Mobile telephone-based systems might offer a low-cost alternative.

Ethical issues raised by a ban on the sale of electronic nicotine devices.

Background: Some countries have banned the sale of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS).

Aims: We analyse the ethical issues raised by this ban and various ways in which the sale of ENDS could be permitted.

Method: We examine the ban and alternative policies in terms of the degree to which they respect ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice, as follows.

What has research over the past two decades revealed about the adverse health effects of recreational cannabis use?

Aims: To examine changes in the evidence on the adverse health effects of cannabis since 1993.

Methods: A comparison of the evidence in 1993 with the evidence and interpretation of the same health outcomes in 2013.

Results: Research in the past 20 years has shown that driving while cannabis-impaired approximately doubles car crash risk and that around one in 10 regular cannabis users develop dependence.

The effectiveness of combined naloxone/lofexidine in opiate detoxification: results from a double-blind randomized and placebo-controlled trial.

The efficacy of lofexidine/naloxone was compared with lofexidine/placebo in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 89 opiate-dependent patients. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the proportion of patients completing detoxification or in the length of stay. Patients in the active naloxone group demonstrated gradual reductions in levels of withdrawal and craving over the detoxification period.

Methadone prescribing to opiate addicts by private doctors: comparison with NHS practice in south east England.

Aims: To compare National Health Service (NHS) and private practice in prescribing methadone to opiate addicts.

Design And Participants: Survey of community pharmacies during 1995 (one in four random sample) and during 1997 (one in two random sample) in which data were collected on all methadone prescriptions currently being dispensed to opiate addicts.

Setting: Dispensing community pharmacies in south east England.

National survey of hepatitis testing and vaccination services provided by drug services in England and Wales.

Since viral hepatitis among intravenous drug users continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality, the present study was conducted to survey drug agencies in England and Wales in order to identify the prevalence of hepatitis B and C testing and vaccination being provided. A postal survey of all 539 drug agencies in England and Wales was thus conducted to assess their current treatment provisions and practices. An analysis of the responses provided by the 373 agencies that returned usable data (69.

Heroin prescribing in the "British System" of the mid 1990s: data from the 1995 national survey of community pharmacies in England and Wales.

Prescribing heroin in the treatment of addiction has been, until recently, an exclusively UK practice. However, despite international fascination with such prescribing, no recent report exists on the extent or nature of the practice. Furthermore, no data have ever previously been available on dispensing arrangements and geographical localization of heroin-prescribing to addicts.