Comparative Evaluation of Debris Expulsion Beyond Apex During Re-root Canal Treatment by Utilizing Two Re-treatment Rotary Files and Two Reciprocating Files: An In-Vitro Study.

Aim: This study aimed to assess and compare debris quality expelled beyond the apex during re-treatment using two reciprocating and two re-treatment rotary files.

Materials And Methods: A total of 80 healthy human mandibular premolars excised for orthodontic therapy were selected. Distilled water was used to sterilize the teeth before they were preserved.

Effect of Three Different Liquid Medias in the Sorption and Solubility of Luting Cements: An In Vitro Study.

Background Among the various mechanical and biological properties of luting cement, the most important are its resistance to disintegration, degradation, and stability in the oral cavity. The sorption and solubility of cement alter the mechanical properties by impeding the half-life of the filling. It also leads to variations in dimensions, discoloration, and margin breakage.