The need for and acceptability of a cancer training course for medical and nursing students in Tanzania: a convergent mixed methods study.

Background: The cancer burden in Africa is on the rise. A Cancer Training Course on screening, prevention, care, and community education is crucial for addressing a wide range of cancer health issues. When appropriately educated healthcare providers on cancer provide care, patient care improves, and healthcare costs decrease.

Prevalence of Stroke in Individuals with Sickle Cell Disease Pre- and during Hydroxyurea Uses: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study in Tanzania.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder that leads to a variety of complications, including stroke. The use of hydroxyurea (HU) is reported to lessen the frequency and burden of stroke in SCD patients. However, less is known about the prevalence of stroke in SCD patients pre- and during the use of HU in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries.

Prevalence, treatment, and factors associated with cryptococcal meningitis post introduction of integrase inhibitors antiretroviral based regimens among People Living with HIV in Tanzania.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Cryptococcal Meningitis (CM), treatment practice, and the associated factors post-introduction of Tenofovir Lamivudine and Dolutegravir (TLD) regimen among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) in Tanzania.

Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study, and the data was collected retrospectively in three public regional referral hospitals (RRHs) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A total of 405 files of the PLHIV admitted in the medical wards on the TLD regimen from January 2019 to December 2022 were reviewed.

Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions Reporting: Healthcare Providers' Experiences from Southern Highland Tanzania.

Purpose: This exploratory qualitative study aimed to analyze the experiences of healthcare providers (HCPs) in pharmacovigilance (PV) and ADR reporting in the southern highland zone of Tanzania.

Methods: In 2022, an exploratory qualitative case study using in-depth interviews (IDIs) was conducted to explore the experiences of PV and ADR reporting among HCPs (doctors, nurses, and pharmacists). The study was carried out in a zonal referral hospital and a regional referral hospital of the Tanzanian southern highlands zone.

Implementation of a gene therapy education initiative by the ASGCT and Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences.

There has been rapid growth in gene therapy development with an expanding list of approved clinical products. Several therapies are particularly relevant to patients in low- and middle-income countries. Moreover, investing in research and manufacturing presents an opportunity for economic development.

Mentorship of young researchers in resource-limited settings: experiences of the mentees from selected health sciences Universities in Tanzania.

Introduction: Mentorship is an essential component of research capacity building for young researchers in the health sciences. The mentorship environment in resource-limited settings is gradually improving. This article describes mentees' experiences in a mentorship program for junior academicians amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania.

Barriers and facilitators of integration of pharmacists in the provision of clinical pharmacy services in Tanzania.

Background: Collaboration between medical doctors and nurses in the provision of healthcare services has been there for decades. The concept of clinical pharmacy services as a main goal for pharmacy practice is relatively new and is yielding more positive results for healthcare providers (HCPs), patients, and the health system. This study assessed barriers and facilitators toward the integration of pharmacists in the provision of CPS in Tanzania.

Knowledge and participation in mass drug administration against lymphatic filariasis and soil-transmitted helminth infections among the community members in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Background: Although the WHO has made an effort to ensure optimal participation of the community in mass drug administration (MDA) against lymphatic filariasis (LF) and soil-transmitted helminth infections (STHIs), studies are still reporting suboptimal coverage. This study assessed the knowledge and participation of the community in MDA against LF and SHTIs in Tanzania to provide updates on its acceptability.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dar es Salaam from December 2021 to February 2022 among market vendors.

Development of a Psychological Intervention to Improve Depressive Symptoms and Enhance Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among Adolescents and Young People Living with HIV in Dar es Salaam Tanzania.

: Interventions that simultaneously target depression and antiretroviral therapy (ART) medication adherence are recommended for improving HIV treatment outcomes and quality of life for adolescents living with HIV. However, evidence is scarce on culturally feasible and acceptable interventions that can be implemented for HIV-positive adolescents in Tanzania. We, therefore, developed a manualized brief psychological intervention that utilizes evidence-based strategies to address depression and ART adherence in adolescents living with HIV in Tanzania.

Global perspectives on cellular therapy for children with sickle cell disease.

Purpose Of Review: Low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), primarily in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), predominantly experience the burden of sickle cell disease (SCD). High frequency of acute and chronic complications leads to increased utilization of healthcare, which burdens fragile health systems. Mortality for children with limited healthcare access remains alarmingly high.

Survival of children and youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Tanzania.

Introduction: Survival from type 1 diabetes Mellitus is low in lower-income countries with underdeveloped health systems. Support programs from partners like life for a child (LFAC) and changing diabetes in children (CDiC) were implemented in Tanzania in 2005 to provide diabetes care to children and youth. No evaluation of survival has been done since their implementation.

Not a Problem at All or Excluded by Oneself, Doctors and the Law? Healthcare Workers' Perspectives on Access to HIV-Related Healthcare among Same-Sex Attracted Men in Tanzania.

An increasing body of literature focuses on access to healthcare services for men who engage in sex with other men in Africa, but how healthcare workers conceive of this topic of healthcare workers' views on men's care has not been much studied. Drawing on qualitative research, this article explores healthcare providers' perspectives on access to HIV-related healthcare services among gender and sexuality diverse men in Tanzania. A qualitative study was conducted among healthcare workers in Dar es Salaam and Tanga, Tanzania in 2018/2019.

Forensic exhumation and human remains identification: A gap between the Inquest Act 1980 and medico legal education in Tanzania.

This article discusses the gap between the Inquest Legislation of Tanzania and the medical practitioner's teaching curriculum which also covers the medico-legal field. The Tanzanian law clearly states that 'any Government medical practitioner' may be given the responsibility of exhumation, provision of post mortem order and then examination of the corpse where there are ample circumstances requiring an inquest to assist police investigation and the Judiciary in determining whether the cause of death was natural. However, the medical training curriculum in Tanzania for many years did not offer any courses of forensic exhumation and identification of human skeletal remains.

The Effects of Sickle Cell Disease on the Quality of Life: A Focus on the Untold Experiences of Parents in Tanzania.

Tanzania is among the top five countries with a high burden of sickle cell disease (SCD) in the world. Even though the effects of SCD on quality of life have been documented in other countries including Nigeria and the United States of America, few are known from Tanzania. Therefore, this study focused on evaluating the effects of SCD on the quality of life among children living with SCD and their parents.

Barriers and Facilitators of Use of Hydroxyurea among Children with Sickle Cell Disease: Experiences of Stakeholders in Tanzania.

Factors contributing to low use of HU among SCD patients exist in high-income countries. The latter leaves a drift of literature on factors for low utilization of HU in developing countries. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing the use of HU in the management of SCD in Tanzania.

Acceptability of a Prime Vendor System in Public Healthcare Facilities in Tanzania.

Background: Pharmaceutical supply chain management in low- and middle-income countries has received substantial attention to address the shortage of medicines at peripheral facilities. The focus has been on health system interventions, including the establishment of public-private partnerships (PPPs). In 2014, the United Republic of Tanzania began implementing the Jazia prime vendor system (Jazia PVS) with a contracted private wholesale supplier to complement the national medicines supply chain in public facilities.

The role of accountability in the performance of Jazia prime vendor system in Tanzania.

Background: Access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines for all is a central component of Universal Health Coverage (UHC). However, the availability of quality medicines in peripheral healthcare facilities is often limited. Several countries have developed integrated complementary pharmaceutical supply systems to address the shortage of medicines.

Red meat consumption and its association with hypertension and hyperlipidaemia among adult Maasai pastoralists of Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania.

Background: Red meat is an important dietary source of protein and other essential nutrients. Its high intake has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, including hypertension (HTN) and hyperlipidaemia (HLP). Despite being physically active, the Maasai at Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA) depend heavily on animals' products as their staple food with fewer intakes of vegetables or fruits due to restriction from carrying out agricultural activities within the NCA.

Genetic profiling for Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species in ticks collected in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.

Background: Anaplasma and Ehrlichia are emerging tick-borne pathogens that cause anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis in humans and other animals worldwide. Infections caused by these pathogens are deadly if left untreated. There has been relatively no systematic survey of these pathogens among ticks in South Africa, thus necessitating this study.

Iatrogenic dural arteriovenous fistula after radical neck dissection for metastatic malignant disease: A case report.

Background: A case of dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) developed after radical neck dissection for lymph node metastasis 2 years after oral surgery for tongue cancer.

Methods: The patient was asymptomatic during follow-up visits with no evidence of metastasis on follow-up CT scan of the neck. However, diagnostic angiography showed left internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis and dAVF involving the posterior meningeal artery and transverse sinus at the left posterior fossa with cortical venous reflux (Cognard type III).