Evidence-Based Perioperative Nutrition Recommendations: Optimizing Results and Minimizing Risks.

Plastic surgery patients span the nutritional spectrum from generally healthy, nutritionally competent patients to inherently catabolic, nutritionally deficient, and chronic wound patients. Therefore, plastic and reconstructive surgery affords the opportunity to investigate the impact of nutrition across a heterogeneous patient population following a wide variety of procedures. Although patients may be nutritionally deficient in certain vitamins warranting perioperative repletion, other supplements have the potential to benefit all patients, regardless of nutritional status.

Imaging Findings in Patients with Zoster-Associated Plexopathy.

Herpes zoster is a reactivation of the latent varicella zoster virus. Among the complications of herpes zoster is zoster-associated limb paresis. The clinical and imaging features of patients with zoster-associated limb paresis due to plexopathies (zoster-associated plexopathy) have had limited description in the literature.

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging-Detected Ischemic Lesions following Endovascular Treatment of Cerebral Aneurysms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Purpose: Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms is associated with the risk of thromboembolic ischemic complications. Many of these events are asymptomatic and identified only on diffusion-weighted imaging. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to study the incidence of DWI positive for thromboembolic events following endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms.

Quantitative Evaluation of Passive Muscle Stiffness in Chronic Stroke.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for shear wave elastography (SWE) to measure passive biceps brachii individual muscle stiffness as a musculoskeletal manifestation of chronic stroke.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Nine subjects with stroke were evaluated using the Fugl-Meyer and Modified Ashworth scales.

Collagen and Fractionated Platelet-Rich Plasma Scaffold for Dermal Regeneration.

Background: Current options for in vivo regeneration of dermal tissue remain limited. The purpose of this study was to engineer a unique scaffold capable of recruiting dermal stem cells from adjacent tissue, thus circumventing the need to seed the scaffolds with stem cells before implantation, leading to skin regeneration.

Methods: A hydrogel scaffold was created through combination of type I collagen along with fractionated platelet-rich plasma.

Prevalence of Intracranial Aneurysms in Patients with Connective Tissue Diseases: A Retrospective Study.

Background And Purpose: Few studies have examined the prevalence of intracranial aneurysms in connective tissue diseases such as Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, neurofibromatosis type 1, and Loeys-Dietz syndrome. We studied the prevalence of intracranial aneurysms and other intracranial neurovascular pathologies such as arteriovenous malformations and intracranial dissections, in these 4 patient populations.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients who had a clinical diagnosis of Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, neurofibromatosis type 1, or Loeys-Dietz syndrome who underwent MRA, CTA, and/or DSA imaging of the intracranial circulation between January 1, 2005, and January 31, 2015.

Safety of Uninterrupted Warfarin Therapy in Patients Undergoing Cardiovascular Endovascular Procedures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of complication rates and outcomes in patients undergoing endovascular procedures who receive uninterrupted versus interrupted warfarin therapy.

Materials And Methods: Literature published between 1990 and 2014 was searched for reports of comparative studies of vascular procedures. Information on periprocedural complications and patient deaths less than 30 days after the procedure was extracted.

Descriptions and interpretations of the ACCORD-Lipid trial in the news and biomedical literature: a cross-sectional analysis.

The lipid component of the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD-Lipid) trial was a landmark, publicly funded study demonstrating that fenofibrate, when added to statin therapy, was not associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes among patients with diabetes mellitus. We performed a cross-sectional study of all articles describing the results of ACCORD-Lipid in the news and biomedical literature in the 15 months following its publication. For articles published in biomedical journals, we determined whether there was an association between authors' conflicts of interest and trial interpretation.

Early basal ganglia hyperperfusion on CT perfusion in acute ischemic stroke: a marker of irreversible damage?

Background And Purpose: CT perfusion scans are often used in acute stroke evaluations. We aimed to assess the outcome of areas of basal ganglia hyperperfusion on CTP in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and brain imaging of 139 patients presenting with acute stroke who underwent CTP for consideration of endovascular recanalization.

Health literacy and medication awareness in outpatient neurology.

AS RESEARCHERS CONTINUE TO ILLUMINATE THE COMPLEXITIES OF NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT, THE CLINICIAN FACES AN EQUALLY INTENSIFYING BURDEN: how to communicate these advances effectively to patients. Health literacy (HL) refers to a person's ability to find, comprehend, and use basic information and resources in order to make appropriate decisions related to his or her health. We describe the first study of low HL prevalence using a validated measure in a cohort of adult neurology outpatients without dementia.

Confirmation of cause and manner of death via a comprehensive cardiac autopsy including whole exome next-generation sequencing.

Annually, the sudden death of thousands of young people remains inadequately explained despite medicolegal investigation. Postmortem genetic testing for channelopathies/cardiomyopathies may illuminate a potential cardiac mechanism and establish a more accurate cause and manner of death and provide an actionable genetic marker to test surviving family members who may be at risk for a fatal arrhythmia. Whole exome sequencing allows for simultaneous genetic interrogation of an individual's entire estimated library of approximately 30000 genes.

Shrinking lung syndrome in pregnancy complicated by antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.

Background: Shrinking lung syndrome is characterized by pulmonary compromise secondary to unilateral or bilateral paralysis of the diaphragm.

Case: Shrinking lung syndrome was diagnosed in a patient with antiphospholipid syndrome after a cesarean delivery at 28 4/7 weeks of gestation. Signs and symptoms included unexplained right-side chest pain, dyspnea, tachypnea, and absent breath sounds at the right base of the lungs.

Lymphocytic duodenosis and the spectrum of celiac disease.

Objectives: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the small bowel that is characterized by increased intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and villous atrophy of the mucosa. It is unclear how often intraepithelial lymphocytosis in the absence of atrophy is a manifestation of gluten sensitive enteropathy. The objective of this study was to identify factors that discriminate patients with CD from those with lymphocytic duodenosis (LD, intraepithelial lymphocytosis without villous atrophy).

Quality of life is favorable for most patients with multiple sclerosis: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Quality of life (QOL) is becoming an increasingly important factor in measurement of disease impact as well as an outcome measure in clinical trials.

Objectives: To study the QOL of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in a population-based prevalence cohort and compare it with the general US population.

Design: Population-based prevalence cohort.

Extensor triggering in de Quervain's stenosing tenosynovitis.

Extensor triggering is an uncommon but recognized component of de Quervain's stenosing tenosynovitis. In a retrospective review of 827 patients with the diagnosis of de Quervain's disease over a 5-year period, 11 patients with 13 affected wrists were identified who had demonstrable triggering by both history and physical examination (prevalence of 1.3%).

Effects of ethyl alcohol on canine jejunal circular smooth muscle.

Ethyl alcohol has many symptomatic effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Our aim was to determine the effects of ethyl alcohol on circular smooth muscle contractility of the canine small bowel. Mechanical and intracellular electrical recordings were made in vitro from the circular muscle of full-thickness strips of muscularis externa from canine jejunum.