Biomechanical evaluation of the spring ligament and the posterior tibial tendon by shear-waves elastography: validation of a reliable and reproducible measurement protocol.

Purpose: The anatomy of the spring ligament complex, as well as its pathology, is not well known in daily clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear-wave elastography properties of the spring ligament and the posterior tibial tendon in healthy adults, and to assess the reliability and reproducibility of these measurements.

Methods: Shear-wave elastography was used to evaluate both ankles in 20 healthy patients (10 females/10 males) resting on a hinge support with their ankles in neutral, valgus 20° and varus 30° positions.

MRI of brachial plexus using diffusion tensor imaging: a pilot study for the use of resolve sequence surgical and radiologic anatomy.

Background: Clinical exam is the goldstandard for surgical indication. ENMG and conventional MRI are insufficient to understand the highly variable clinical presentation of brachial plexus (BP) lesions. DTI is based on motion of water molecules and can explore nerve function.

The interosseous tuberosities of the forearm exist from 1-year-old: a pediatric radiological study describing the ages of appearance of the different forearm reliefs.

Purpose: Interosseous tuberosities have been described in adults on the radial and ulnar sides. However, their presence at birth and their development during growth is still unknown. The objective of this work is to establish the age of onset of this tuberosity among a cohort of children aged 1-year-old or older.

Ankle syndesmosis biomechanical evaluation by shear-waves elastography in healthy young adults: Assessment of the reliability and accuracy of the measurements and definition of a corridor of normality.

Background: Aims of this study were: 1/ to evaluate the shear wave speed (SWS) properties of the anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL) and the distal interosseous membrane (DIOM) in neutral, dorsal flexion and plantar flexion positions in a cohort of healthy adult volunteers; 2/ to assess the reliability and reproducibility of these measurements.

Methods: Both ankles were analyzed by shear wave elastography (SWE) in 20 healthy patients (10 females/10 males) standing on a hinge support with their ankles in neutral, 20° dorsal flexion and 30° plantar flexion positions. Stiffness of AITFL and DIOM was evaluated by SWS measurement.

Anatomical and biomechanical study of the inferior extensor retinaculum by shear-wave elastography in healthy adults.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stiffness of the inferior extensor retinaculum (IER) using shear-wave elastography (SWE) in neutral and varus positions in healthy adults, and to assess the reliability and reproducibility of these measurements.

Methods: Both ankles were analyzed by shear-wave elastography (SWE) in 20 healthy patients (10 females/10 males) resting on a hinge support with their ankles in neutral, valgus 20°, and varus 30° positions. Their stiffness was evaluated by shear-wave speed measured (SWS).

3D quasi-automatic spine length assessment using low dose biplanar radiography after surgical correction in thoracic idiopathic scoliosis.

Objective: Surgical correction of thoracic scoliosis leads to a height improvement. Our objectives were to assess how the linear and developed spinal column lengths relate to the frontal and sagittal parameters after a surgical correction of thoracic idiopathic scoliosis, and whether the measurement of these lengths is reliable using quasi-automatic 3D reconstruction methods with biplanar X-rays.

Methods: Consecutive children with thoracic idiopathic scoliosis who underwent spinal fusion surgery and biplanar pre and postoperative X-rays in free-standing position were included prospectively.

Induced-Membrane Reconstruction After Calcaneum's Ewing Sarcoma in Children: A Report of 3 Cases.

Calcaneus's Ewing sarcoma is a rare location with a poor prognosis and remains challenging for tumor surgery. We present 3 cases of calcaneus resection for Ewing sarcoma in children and its reconstruction managed by induced-membrane technique. To our knowledge, this technique has never been published for hindfoot's tumor management.

Balance, barycentremetry and external shape analysis in idiopathic scoliosis: What can the physician expect from it?

Objective: Our objective was to establish a corridor of normality for the external shape 3D parameters and then to assess these variables in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods: Adolescent with mild and severe AIS were included prospectively, as well as a control group of asymptomatic subjects. A quasi-automatic 3D reconstruction of the spine and manual 3D reconstruction of the external envelope was performed from biplanar radiography.

Forearm reconstruction by induced-membrane technique after sarcoma resection in children: technique and functional outcome in three cases.

Forearm sarcoma is rare in children. Here, we report three cases. One child presented undifferentiated soft-tissue sarcoma involving the ulna, another had Ewing's sarcoma of the ulna, and the third had Ewing's sarcoma of the proximal radius.

Emergency department visits for pediatric traumatic injuries during general confinement: A single-center study in an urban setting.

Background: The first case of SARS-CoV-2 was detected in France in January 2020 and the government decided on national confinement from March 17 to May 11, 2020. Our aim was to analyze the incidence of pediatric emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations for traumatic injuries during this period.

Methods: Any visit with an ICD-10 discharge diagnosis code of burn, fracture, traumatic wound, or sprain/bruise contusion was recorded within the 2 weeks before (weeks 10 and 11) and during the confinement (weeks 12 and 19).

Surgical treatment in child's congenital toe syndactyly: Risk factor of recurrence, complication and poor clinical outcomes.

Introduction: Surgical treatment of toe syndactyly remains controversial. The strong demand from parents for a cosmetic release is increasing in our societies. But is it worth it? The objective was to assess medium-long term outcomes and to identify the risk factors of recurrence, complication and poor clinical outcomes.

Is daily walking distance affected in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? An original prospective study using the pedometer on smartphones.

Background Data: Little is known about daily walking distance levels, which accounts for approximately 80% of overall physical activity per day, in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the level of walking distance in AIS treated by bracing or not, comparing this activity with that of a control group. We used an original method based on smartphone pedometers for studying walking distance in everyday life.

Stepwise Management of Severe Thoracogenic Scoliosis in Burned Child.

Background: Skin and soft tissue retraction secondary to burns of the trunk may induce severe and progressive thoracogenic spinal deformities in children. Its management is rarely described.

Case Description: Our study reports a case of severe thoracic scoliosis in a 13-year-old adolescent, secondary to soft tissue retraction due to trunk burn in early childhood.

Recurrent Acute Septic Arthritis Caused by Kingella kingae in a 16-Month-Old Boy.

We describe the first case of 2 consecutive acute septic arthritis infections of both knees caused by the same virulent strain of Kingella kingae belonging to the virulent sequence type complex 14, in a 16-month-old boy. Both infections occurred after viral upper respiratory tract infections.

Patient dose evaluation in computed tomography: A French national study based on clinical indications.

Purpose: A national survey was performed to assess patient dose indicators based on clinical indication and on patient morphology for most common adult computed tomography (CT) examinations in France.

Methods: Seventeen groups of clinical indications (GCIs) for diagnostic CT in adult patients were considered based on their frequency and on image quality requirements. Data was collected for 15-30 consecutive examinations performed between 2015 and 2017, per CT scanner and GCI.

National audit on the appropriateness of CT and MRI examinations in Luxembourg.

Objectives: In Luxembourg, the frequency of CT and MRI examinations per inhabitant is among the highest in Europe. A national audit was conducted to evaluate the appropriateness of CT and MRI examinations according to the national referral guidelines for medical imaging.

Methods: Three hundred and eighty-eight CT and 330 MRI requests corresponding to already performed examinations were provided by all radiology departments in Luxembourg.

Early Ultrasound Follow-Up of Extension-Type Supracondylar Fractures Treated by the Collar-and-Cuff (Blount) Technique.

Background: Extension-type supracondylar fractures can be treated with external immobilization, with the elbow flexed 100°. However, this technique requires early evaluation by true lateral x-ray of the elbow to detect secondary fracture displacement.

Questions/purpose: The purpose of this work is to evaluate whether ultrasound imaging is suitable for demonstrating initial reduction of supracondylar fractures and early secondary displacement of the fracture.

More than just teddy bears: Unconventional transmission agents in the operating room.

Introduction: Surgical site infection (SSI) following orthopedic surgery can have a substantial impact on patients and families. The rate remains high, ranging from 0.5% to 8.

The Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Management of Minimally Displaced or Nondisplaced Lateral Humeral Condyle Fractures in Children.

Objectives: Fractures of the lateral humeral condyle are common in children. Nondisplaced fractures are managed with cast immobilization and frequent radiographic follow-up. Possibility of assessing the displacement and stability of such fractures may be helpful in planning the initial treatment and survey.

Intra and inter-observer reliability of determining degree of pelvic obliquity in neuromuscular scoliosis using the EOS-CHAIR® protocol.

Purpose: Scoliosis with pelvic obliquity (PO) could be investigated with the EOS-CHAIR protocol as the most common deformity especially in patients with trunk hypotonia and quadriplegia. However, the intra-observer and inter-observer reliability of various angles assessing PO was not investigated with this new imaging protocol.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 36 EOS frontal full-spine acquisitions made in sitting position was used.

All-Pedicle Screw Fixation With 6-mm-Diameter Cobalt-Chromium Rods Provides Optimized Sagittal Correction of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Purpose: Recently introduced cobalt-chromium (CoCr) rods that rely solely on pedicle screws produce very good results in correcting scoliotic curves. All-pedicle screws constructs are also suspected of decreasing thoracic kyphosis. The current study was designed to evaluate sagittal correction in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients, using 6-mm CoCr rods and all-screw constructs.

The Indian Basket Trick: a case of delayed paraplegia with complete recovery, caused by misplaced thoracic pedicle screw.

Introduction: Pedicle screw fixation allows purchase of all three spinal columns without encroaching into the spinal canal improving fracture fixation, as well as deformity correction. Fortunately, neurologic injury associated with pedicle screw malposition is rare.

Case Presentation: A 19-year-old boy was surgically treated for severe right thoracic scoliosis associated with a Chiari Type 1 malformation and a C6 to T7 syringomyelia.

Oral Ambulatory Treatment of Acute Osteomyelitis in Children: A Case-Control Study.

The treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis has evolved in recent years to a shorter parenteral treatment with an early switch to the oral route. Current publications recommend a 2- to 4-day parenteral treatment before the oral switch. We retrospectively analyzed a series of 45 children aged 1 to 11 years and treated in our department for acute osteomyelitis without severity criterion.

Allograft integration in a rabbit transgenic model for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: Tissue engineering strategies include both cell-based and cell homing therapies. Ligamentous tissues are highly specialized and constitute vital components of the musculoskeletal system. Their damage causes significant morbidity and loss in function.