7,985 results match your criteria: "The Lancet. Infectious diseases[Journal]"
Zoonotic chlamydial infections: what's new?
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
National and international Reference Laboratory for Ovine Chlamydiosis, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address:
Oropouche virus and potential birth defects.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
Laboratory of Clinical Research on Acute Febrile Illnesses, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Re-emergence of Oropouche virus between 2023 and 2024 in Brazil: an observational epidemiological study.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study explores the resurgence of Oropouche fever in Brazil from 2023 to 2024, focusing on virological factors influencing the outbreak after decades of sporadic cases.
- Researchers gathered data from various sources, analyzed serum samples from patients and previously infected individuals, and performed molecular tests to understand the virus's characteristics and behavior.
- The findings showed an extraordinary spike in cases in 2024, with over 8,600 confirmed incidents, highlighting the virus's widespread distribution across all regions of Brazil.
Newborns with microcephaly in Brazil and potential vertical transmission of Oropouche virus: a case series.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fever, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil. Electronic address:
Background: Oropouche fever, an orthobunyavirus disease endemic in Brazilian Amazon, has caused many febrile epidemics. In 2024, an epidemic of Oropouche fever spread in Brazil, with more than 7930 cases reported between Jan 1 and Aug 31. Infections in pregnant people have suggested the possibility of negative fetal consequences, therefore we tested newborns with microcephaly for known congenital pathogens and Oropouche virus (OROV).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRe-emergence of Oropouche virus in Brazil and Latin America.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), associated partner Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Clinical profile analysis of SARS-CoV-2 community infections during periods with omicron BA.2, BA.4/5, and XBB dominance in Hong Kong: a prospective cohort study.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. Electronic address:
Background: Existing studies on SARS-CoV-2 infection have mainly focused on severe clinical outcomes; understanding of the clinical severity profile of general community infections is poor. We aimed to assess and compare the clinical profiles of infections with SARS-CoV-2 omicron (B.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolving COVID-19 symptoms and the ongoing course of research.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan. Electronic address:
Molecular surveillance in the nirsevimab era: lessons from respiratory syncytial virus breakthrough infections.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
Genetics, Vaccines and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; WHO Collaborating Centre for Vaccine Safety, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago and University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
Genotypic and phenotypic characterisation of respiratory syncytial virus after nirsevimab breakthrough infections: a large, multicentre, observational, real-world study.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
Virology Department, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Paris, France. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- A study conducted in France during the 2023-24 RSV season analyzed the effectiveness of nirsevimab, a monoclonal antibody, in preventing RSV infections in infants, focusing on breakthrough cases.
- Out of 695 RSV-infected infants, researchers sequenced the full-length RSV genome of 545 infants, identifying that 48% had breakthrough infections despite receiving nirsevimab.
- While no resistance was found in RSV-A infections from nirsevimab-treated infants, two cases of RSV-B showed substitutions linked to resistance, indicating a potential concern for the antibody's effectiveness against this variant.
Time to turn off the toxins: adjuvant suppression of group A streptococcus.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
Centre for Bacterial Resistance Biology, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK. Electronic address:
Adjunctive linezolid versus clindamycin for toxin inhibition in β-lactam-treated patients with invasive group A streptococcal infections in 195 US hospitals from 2016 to 2021: a retrospective cohort study with target trial emulation.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
Clinical Epidemiology Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA; Critical Care Medicine Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Adjunctive clindamycin use is associated with survival in invasive group A streptococcus (GAS) infections but increasing clindamycin resistance in GAS has called into question its durability for this indication. Linezolid also inhibits GAS toxin and virulence factor production, but clinical efficacy data remain sparse.
Methods: We retrospectively emulated a target multicentre, non-blinded, non-inferiority trial to assess the efficacy of adjunctive linezolid compared with clindamycin in adult inpatients with invasive GAS infection treated with a β-lactam using the PINC AI database between 2016 and 2021.
Mucosal nirsevimab levels in respiratory syncytial virus breakthrough bronchiolitis.
Lancet Infect Dis
November 2024
CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Immunology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France. Electronic address:
Safety, immunogenicity, and optimal dosing of a modified vaccinia Ankara-based vaccine against MERS-CoV in healthy adults: a phase 1b, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems partner site, German Centre for Infection Research, Hamburg, Germany; First Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- MERS-CoV is a serious respiratory virus with a high mortality rate and currently no licensed vaccines, prompting research into a candidate vaccine called MVA-MERS-S, which uses a modified vaccinia virus.
- A phase 1b clinical trial was conducted with healthy volunteers (ages 18-55) across Germany and the Netherlands to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of MVA-MERS-S, testing various dosing schedules and comparing it to a placebo group.
- The trial involved 244 screened participants, with 140 randomly assigned to different dosing regimens, and the outcomes focused on both the safety of the vaccine and the resulting immune response measured through antibody levels and seroconversion rates.
12-month persistence of immune responses to self-amplifying mRNA COVID-19 vaccines: ARCT-154 versus BNT162b2 vaccine.
Lancet Infect Dis
December 2024
Walson Consulting LLC, Seattle, WA 98117, USA. Electronic address:
REVISITing treatment of metallo-β-lactamases.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
New WHO guidelines for treating rhodesiense human African trypanosomiasis: expanded indications for fexinidazole and pentamidine.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
Neglected Tropical Diseases Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Article Synopsis
- - Human African trypanosomiasis is a severe neglected tropical disease that can be fatal without treatment, and the WHO has updated its treatment guidelines after a thorough review.
- - Fexinidazole is now the preferred first-line treatment for patients aged 6 years and over who weigh at least 20 kg, eliminating the need for invasive lumbar punctures for staging the disease.
- - While fexinidazole improves treatment options and reduces the risk of severe side effects from previous medicines, it remains unavailable for children who don't meet the age or weight criteria, making interim use of pentamidine necessary in some cases.
Revisiting MERS-CoV vaccination in the SARS-CoV-2 era.
Lancet Infect Dis
October 2024
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Article Synopsis
- There is a pressing need for new treatments for serious infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, which the REVISIT study examined by evaluating aztreonam-avibactam against standard treatments in complicated infections.
- The study involved a multinational, open-label design with adults who had complicated intra-abdominal infections or hospital-acquired pneumonia, comparing aztreonam-avibactam with meropenem or colistin over 5-14 days.
- Results showed that out of 422 enrolled patients, 64% had identified Gram-negative pathogens, and the study aimed to determine clinical cure rates and safety without formal hypothesis testing.