2,727 results match your criteria: "The Islamia University[Affiliation]"

Synthetic dyes, such as Alizarin Red S, contribute significantly to environmental pollution. This study investigates the biosorption potential of Alhagi maurorum biosorbent for the removal of Alizarin Red S (ARS) from aqueous solutions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the biosorbent's adsorption sites.

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Exploring the molecular mechanisms of rice blast resistance and advances in breeding for disease tolerance.

Mol Biol Rep

October 2024

Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.

Rice blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (syn. Pyricularia oryzae), is a major problem in rice cultivation and ranks among the most severe fungal diseases. Cloning and identifying resistance genes in rice, coupled with a comprehensive examination of the interaction between M.

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Feeding and Growth Response of Fall Armyworm towards Different Host Plants.

Insects

October 2024

Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.

The fall armyworm, , is a major migratory polyphagous insect pest of various crops. The essential nutrient and mineral profile of the host plants determines the feeding fitness of herbivorous insects. As a result, the growth and development of insects is affected.

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An eco-friendly synthetic route was developed for the formation of nickel oxide (NiO and NiO) nanoparticles (NPs) by treating Ni(NO).6HO with aqueous/ethanolic extracts of leaves; the same reaction was performed in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) to produce NiO@GO and NiO@GO nanocomposites (NCs), respectively. The NMs were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, EDX, UV-visible spectroscopy, and TGA-DSC analysis.

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  • The study focuses on the relationship between root architecture and the Gibberellic acid-sensitive (GA-sensitive) Rht genes in wheat, particularly their role in improving drought tolerance and plant growth.
  • Out of 200 wheat genotypes analyzed under normal and osmotic stress conditions, significant differences were found in the number of seminal roots and overall root/shoot growth, indicating that genotypes with GA-sensitive Rht13 gene performed better than those with GA-insensitive Rht1 gene.
  • Specifically, certain genotypes showed enhanced root systems (up to 5 seminal roots) and improved growth metrics under stress, suggesting that the presence of GA-sensitive Rht genes is beneficial for nutrient uptake from deeper soil layers.
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In response to the pressing requirement for precise and easily accessible COVID-19 detection methods, we present the Cough2COVID-19 framework, which is cost-effective, non-intrusive, and widely accessible. The conventional diagnostic methods, notably the PCR test, are encumbered by limitations such as cost and invasiveness. Consequently, the exploration of alternative solutions has gained momentum.

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The Asteraceae family is a prominent group of flowering plants found across the globe, with the exception of Antarctica. The Asteraceae family is a largest flowering family pivotal group in plant evolution and diversification. Despite its importance, the genetic diversity within this family remains understudied.

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  • AI is transforming the food industry by optimizing processes and enhancing food quality and safety across various areas like supply chain management and personalized nutrition.
  • The review highlights AI techniques such as machine learning and neural networks, which aid in predictive maintenance, quality control, and real-time monitoring of food safety.
  • Despite its potential, challenges like ethical issues, data security, and high costs must be addressed for AI to be more widely adopted in the food sector.
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Artificial intelligence-driven predictive framework for early detection of still birth.

SLAS Technol

December 2024

Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Predictive modeling is becoming increasingly popular in the context of early disease detection. The use of machine learning approaches for predictive modeling can help early detection of diseases thereby enabling medical experts to appropriate medical treatments. Stillbirth prediction is a similar domain where artificial intelligence-based predictive modeling can alleviate this significant global health challenge.

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Working memory is vital for short-term information processing. Binaural beats can enhance working memory by improving attention and memory consolidation through neural synchronization. However, individual differences in cognitive and neuronal functioning affect effectiveness of binaural beats, necessitating personalized approaches.

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In our research, we utilize density functional theory (DFT) to explore the properties of magnesium and zinc atoms adsorbed on bismuthene. Our findings indicate that the hollow site is the most favorable adsorption site for Mg and Zn atoms on bismuthene. The results indicate that Mg and Zn adsorption on the bismuthene surface results in significantly high conductivity, with notable adsorption energies of -3.

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Systematic review on buparvaquone resistance associated with non-synonymous mutation in drug binding genes site of Theileria annulate.

Vet Parasitol

December 2024

State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, China. Electronic address:

Theileria annulata (T. annulata) is intra-erythrocytic protozoan parasite which is more prevalent in tropical and sub-tropical countries. It has a significant economic impact on the productivity of the dairy industry, and buparvaquone is used to treat infected animals in the prevalent regions of the world.

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Cartilage has a limited intrinsic healing capacity. Hence, cartilage degradation and lesions pose a huge clinical challenge, particularly in an ageing society. Osteoarthritis impacts a significant number of the population and requires the development of repair and tissue engineering methods for hyaline articular cartilage.

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Cattle in regions with high ambient temperatures are at risk of heat stress. Early detection is important to allow action to be taken to minimise the risks to cattle exposed to thermal stress. This study aimed to investigate the impact of heat stress on IRT-Eye temperature and its association with the behavioural and physiological responses of heat-stressed Angus steers (n = 24) on finisher and or substituted diets.

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  • This study focuses on the combined effects of biochar (BC) from fruit and vegetable waste and gibberellic acid (GA3) on reducing Cd toxicity in maize, measuring oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzyme activities.
  • Results indicate that the combination of GA3 and BC significantly decreases hydrogen peroxide levels and enhances antioxidant enzyme activities, particularly under high Cd stress, suggesting that these treatments work synergistically to protect maize from Cd-induced damage.
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Breast cancer is the most recurring cancer among females and is being diagnosed as a major cause of death among women. Levosulpiride Schiff base derivatives were synthesized and analyzed by physical and spectral (FTIR, H-NMR, C-NMR) analysis. MTT assay against MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line), scavenging activity and Molecular docking against receptors 1M17, 3PP0, 3IOK and 4KIK along ADME pharmacokinetic studies were performed.

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Introduction: Maize ( L.) is one of the most important crops worldwide, the kernel size-related traits are the major components of maize grain yield.

Methods: To dissect the genetic architecture of four kernel-related traits of 100-kernel weight, kernel length, kernel width, and kernel diameter, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted in the waxy and sweet maize panel comprising of 447 maize inbred lines re-sequenced at the 5× coverage depth.

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  • Pure water is essential for health, but natural groundwater often contains toxic metals like arsenic, which can cause cancer and is prevalent in many regions in Pakistan.
  • The current project aims to measure and remove arsenic from drinking water in DG Khan’s Tribal Belt by using a cost-effective adsorbent called S‒CuFeO to achieve this removal.
  • The study involved collecting 200 water samples and analyzing the effectiveness of the adsorbent, concluding that just 1.5 g of S‒CuFeO can provide 432 gallons of arsenic-free water.
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Novel Bis-1,2,3-triazole-thiazolidinone hybrid as anticancer agents that induce apoptosis and molecular modeling study.

Future Med Chem

December 2024

Laboratory of Organic Synthesis & Physico-Molecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, BP PO Box 2390, Marrakech, 40001, Morocco.

A series of (R)-Carvone-based 1,2,3-triazole-thiazolidinone hybrids were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques NMR and HRMS. The chemical reactivity and the stability parameters were observed via DFT. The objective was to evaluate the anticancer activity of the synthesized compounds against cancer cell lines.

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  • The study aimed to develop and test ethosomes containing vitamin D3 to improve treatment for psoriasis, a chronic skin condition.
  • The formulations utilized soya lecithin, propylene glycol, and ethanol, achieving high drug encapsulation efficiency (96.25%) and favorable vesicle characteristics (particle sizes of 148-657 nm).
  • Stability tests over six months confirmed that the vitamin D3 ethosomal gel is safe for use, maintaining suitable order, pH, and viscosity for patient application.
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  • This study examined how different populations of Sporobolus ioclados (local names: "Sawri," "Drabhri," "Dhrbholi") adapt to drought stress while being cultivated in Pakistan.
  • Researchers tested the plants under various drought conditions to assess their physiological and morphological responses, noting changes in root and leaf attributes and increased proline and nitrogen levels.
  • The findings highlighted significant population diversity and adaptation mechanisms, identifying certain populations as particularly drought-tolerant, which suggests their potential for use in afforestation and climate change strategies in arid regions.
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  • Poor seedling germination leads to financial losses for farmers, creating a need for sustainable agricultural methods, notably through the use of nanotechnology, such as zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), to improve seed germination under stress.* -
  • The study focused on the effects of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (S-ZnO NPs) on okra seeds, where 20 ppm concentration for 18 hours significantly improved germination rates, shoot and root lengths, and various weight measurements.* -
  • Additionally, the research found increases in chlorophyll content and antioxidant activity in the desi variety of okra, indicating the potential of S-ZnO NPs to reduce oxidative stress and enhance growth under optimal conditions.*
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Consuming traditional petroleum-derived diesel fuel has long been associated with issues such as the depletion of natural energy resources. To solve these challenges, an alternate source like as biodiesel is an appealing option. Seed oils have long been recognized as an abundant and diverse source of biodiesel.

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  • - The study focuses on improving plantlet regeneration in tissue culture by utilizing iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO-NPs) as a nutrient source in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media to enhance callus formation and control contamination.
  • - The results showed that FeO-NPs significantly increased callus induction and regeneration rates compared to regular MS media, with notable improvements in callus weight, diameter, and root/shoot numbers, indicating a more effective growth environment.
  • - Applying FeO-NPs as a foliar spray led to substantial increases in biomass, height, and chlorophyll content in two rice varieties, while also enhancing enzymatic activities that help plants respond to stress, suggesting that this approach could be beneficial for
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