The efficacy of egg albumin nanoparticles adjuvanted Clostridium perfringens type D toxoid vaccine in rabbits.

Epsilon toxin (ETX) is an exotoxin produced by Clostridium perfringens type D that induces enterotoxaemia or necrotic intestinal infection in small ruminants and bovine. Immunization is an essential element in preventing the spread of infectious diseases. In recent literature, nanocarriers have exhibited the capacity to deliver protection, stability, and regulated distribution properties to protein-based antigens.

Salinity stress mitigation in wheat through synergistic application of ascorbic acid, nanoparticles and Salvadora oleoides extract.

Salinity stress adversely affects wheat growth and productivity, necessitating effective mitigation strategies. This study investigates the combined impact of ascorbic acid (AsA), silver nanoparticles (NPs), and Salvadora oleoides aqueous leaf extract (LE) on wheat tolerance to salinity stress. A randomized complete design (RCD) was employed with fourteen treatments: T1 (5 mM AsA), T2 (10 mM AsA), T3 (20 ppm AgNPs), T4 (40 ppm AgNPs), T5 (5% S.

Unveiling the potential of Cu-Pd/CdS catalysts to supply and rectify electron transfer for H generation from water splitting.

As a future fuel, obtaining hydrogen from water could be a game changer for the renewable energy sector, because it has the potential to be used as an alternative to fossil fuels. The current project has been designed to develop catalysts that can produce hydrogen from water on irradiation by sunlight. For this purpose, CdS, Cu/CdS, Pd/CdS, and Cu-Pd/CdS catalysts were successfully synthesised and utilized for hydrogen generation.

Assessment of growth, biomass, and carbon sequestration potential of urban tree species in greenbelts.

This study assessed the growth, biomass, and carbon storage potential of four urban tree species-Pinus roxburghii, Broussonetia papyrifera, Jacaranda mimosifolia, and Eucalyptus camaldulensis-in Islamabad's greenbelts. Sampling was conducted using a quadrat method, covering five sites (F-9, G-8, H-8, I-8, Zero-Point), with 400 trees analyzed. Growth parameters such as diameter at breast height (DBH), height, aboveground biomass (AGB), aboveground carbon density (ACD), belowground carbon density (BCD), basal area (BA), and volume were measured.

Thiol functionalized pH-responsive mucoadhesive hydrogel: Potential approach for site-specific delivery of 5 fluorouracil in colon cancer.

The present study aims to develop a novel thiolated carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-SH) by the addition of aldehyde groups via oxidation followed by reductive amination and then develop CMC-SH based pH-responsive hydrogel by free radical polymerization approach while assessing its mucoadhesive and permeation-enhancing capabilities. By in-vitro characterization, the intended compound's chemical composition, thermal stability, and amorphous nature were analyzed for CMC-SH polymer. Ellman's assay was utilized to estimate the thiol content and permeation analysis was performed to evaluate its enhanced permeability characteristics.

Identification of dimethyl 2,2'-((methylenebis(2-(2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-2-yl)-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)-6,1phenylene))bis(oxy))diacetate (TAJ4) as antagonist of NEK-Family: a future for potential drug discovery.

The purpose of the current study was to analyze and validate the existing gap in knowledge, by conducting a differential expression analysis and validation of NEK6, NEK7, and NEK9 in breast, cervical, and glioblastoma cancer and targeting these proteins through development of novel site specific inhibitor with favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profile, using open-source databases. The analysis revealed that the targeted kinases were overexpressed in all three types of cancer. Their expression was significantly linked to overall survival rates, which suggests that they play a major role in the development and progression of these cancers.

Exosome-based therapies for inflammatory disorders: a review of recent advances.

Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, have emerged as focal mediators in intercellular communication and therapeutic interventions across diverse biomedical fields. Inflammatory disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease, acute liver injury, lung injury, neuroinflammation, and myocardial infarction, are complex conditions that require innovative therapeutic approaches. This review summarizes recent advances in exosome-based therapies for inflammatory disorders, highlighting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents.

Spectroscopic studies and Non-Linear optical response through C/N replacement and modulation of electron Donor/Acceptor Units on naphthyridine derivatives.

This study explores the nonlinear optical (NLO) and photophysical properties of newly designed naphthyridine derivatives by density functional theory (DFT). The first hyperpolarizability (β), a key indicator of NLO activity, varies significantly depending on the substituent groups. N-substituted compounds (IUB-N series) generally show lower β values, while compounds with electron donor/acceptor groups (IUB-P series) demonstrate a broader range, with IUB-A-02 achieving the highest β value of 16,362 a.

An Optimal Internet of Things-Driven Intelligent Decision-Making System for Real-Time Fishpond Water Quality Monitoring and Species Survival.

Smart fish farming faces critical challenges in achieving comprehensive automation, real-time decision-making, and adaptability to diverse environmental conditions and multi-species aquaculture. This study presents a novel Internet of Things (IoT)-driven intelligent decision-making system that dynamically monitors and optimizes water quality parameters to enhance fish survival rates across various regions and species setups. The system integrates advanced sensors connected to an ESP32 microcontroller, continuously monitoring key water parameters such as pH, temperature, and turbidity which are increasingly affected by climate-induced variability.

Optimizing Tomato () Yield Under Salt Stress: The Physiological and Biochemical Effects of Foliar Thiourea Application.

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the role of thiourea exogenous application (0 mg/L and 100 mg/L) on the morphological, physiological, and yield traits of two varieties of tomato (Naqeeb and Nadir) under different salt stress treatments (0, 60, and 120 mM) in completely randomized design (CRD). The imposition of salinity by rooting medium showed that salt stress reduced plant height by 20%, fresh shoot weight by 50%, dry shoot weight by 78%, fresh root weight by 43%, dry root weight by 84%, root length by 34%, shoot length by 32%, shoot K by 47%, Ca by 70%, chlorophyll a by 30%, chlorophyll b by 67%, and the number of seeds per berry by 53%, while shoot Na ions were increased by 90% in comparison to those grown with control treatment. However, the exogenous application of thiourea significantly enhanced dry root weight by 25% and the number of seeds per berry by 20% in comparison to untreated plants with thiourea when grown under salt stress.

Novel approach for Arabic fake news classification using embedding from large language features with CNN-LSTM ensemble model and explainable AI.

The widespread fake news challenges the management of low-quality information, making effective detection strategies necessary. This study addresses this critical issue by advancing fake news detection in Arabic and overcoming limitations in existing approaches. Deep learning models, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), EfficientNetB4, Inception, Xception, ResNet, ConvLSTM and a novel voting ensemble framework combining CNN and LSTM are employed for text classification.

Bivariate - generalized extreme value distribution: A comparative approach with applications to climate related data.

The premise of extreme value theory focuses on the stochastic behaviour and occurrence of extreme observations in an event that is random. Traditionally for univariate case, the behaviour of the maxima is described either by the types-I, types-II or types-III extreme value distributions, primarily known as the Gumbel, Fréchet or reversed Weibull models. These are all particular cases of the generalized extreme value ( ) model.

Identification of gastric cancer biomarkers through analysis of microarray based datasets.

Gastric cancer is among the most prevalent cancers worldwide including in Pakistan. Late diagnosis of gastric cancer leads to reduced survival. The present study aimed to investigate biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer.

Salicylic Acid Mitigates Cadmium Stress in Wheat: Experimental Insights Into Growth and Biochemical Parameters.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of salicylic acid (SA) on wheat subjected to cadmium (Cd) stress. The experiments were conducted during the winter season of 2022-2023 (November to February) at the University of the Punjab in Lahore, Pakistan. The study involved four wheat varieties: Akbar-2019, Galaxy-2013, Ujala-16, and Chakwal-86.

Corrigendum to "A multiple attribute group decision making model based on 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy Dombi aggregation operators for optimal selection of potential global suppliers" [Heliyon 10 (14) (July 2024) e34570].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Synergistic effects of gibberellic acid, biochar, and rhizobacteria on wheat growth under heavy metal and drought stress.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a vital crop constituting approximately 20% of global caloric intake, faces significant threats from heavy metal contamination, particularly cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr), along with drought stress, jeopardizing global food security. This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of these stressors and the potential of plant growth enhancers such as gibberellic acid (GA3), biochar (BC), and rhizobacteria to improve wheat growth.

TRI-POSE-Net: Adaptive 3D human pose estimation through selective kernel networks and self-supervision with trifocal tensors.

Accurate and flexible 3D pose estimation for virtual entities is a strenuous task in computer vision applications. Conventional methods struggle to capture realistic movements; thus, creative solutions that can handle the complexities of genuine avatar interactions in dynamic virtual environments are imperative. In order to tackle the problem of precise 3D pose estimation, this work introduces TRI-POSE-Net, a model intended for scenarios with limited supervision.

Biogenic synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using Eucalyptus globulus Leaf Extract and its impact on germination and Phytochemical composition of Lactuca sativa.

Green nanomaterials are increasingly used to improve plant growth and phytochemical traits. This study employed Eucalyptus globulus leaf extract, a medicinal plant, as a bio-reductant and capping agent to synthesize copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs), which were applied as seed primers for Lactuca sativa (lettuce), an annual species prized for its short germination time and rich bioactive compounds. Characterization of CuO-NPs using FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX confirmed their purity, crystalline structure, and an average particle size of 74.

Lipopeptides from Bacillus atrophaeus MCM61 and melatonin suppress gray mold-induced oxidative stress in cut roses (Rosa hybrida L.) and improve vase life.

Application of melatonin and lipopeptides (LPs) derived from Bacillus strains is considered an efficient strategy to control plant diseases at both pre and postharvest stages. However, the combined application of melatonin and LPs has not been studied yet. Therefore, the present study presents the synergistic effect of melatonin and LPs produced by Bacillus atrophaeus strain MCM61 against gray mold disease and its impact on quality parameters and vase life of cut roses.

Enhancement of Rice Zinc Content Using Green Synthesized ZnO-NPs by Foliar and Nano-Priming Applications.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) can enhance zinc bioavailability in plants, improving crop nutritional quality and addressing global zinc deficiency. This study aimed to investigate the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), obtained by a green synthesis method, on the growth, yield parameters, and zinc content of rice plants. In the study, two different application strategies of ZnO-NPs on rice plants were evaluated, i.

Dexibuprofen loaded into nanoemulsion based gel for topical application - In vitro characterization and in vivo anti-inflammatory evaluation.

Arthritic disease is one of the most common diseases in adults and a leading cause of joint degeneration. Dexibuprofen (DEX) is routinely used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, acute postoperative pain, primary dysmenorrheal, and in lower back pain. However, it is poorly water soluble with compromised bioavailability, and hence has limited therapeutic activity.

Impact of gibberellic acid GA3, quantum dot biochar, and rhizosphere bacteria on fenugreek plant growth and stress responses under lead stress.

Lead (Pb) is a stress that can cause problems with several aspects of a plant's metabolism, potentially impeding the plant's ability to grow and develop. The use of gibberellic acid (GA3), quantum dot biochar (QDBC), and rhizobacteria (RB) can be effective methods to overcome this problem. Gibberellic acid is a crucial plant hormone that regulates plant growth, cell division, tissue differentiation, flowering, photosynthesis, and transpiration rate.