Investigation of dielectric and spectroscopic properties of pure, commercial, and sugar solution added honey with microwave X band and spectroscopy techniques.

The adulteration of honey is a globally growing issue due to its medicinal benefits and health-promoting properties. This problem primarily involves the addition of sugars and other substances. To address these concerns, a comparative study was conducted to investigate the dielectric and spectroscopic properties of pure, sugar solution added honey, and commercially available honey.

Impact of Frailty on Antihypertensive Treatment in Older Adults.

Background: The association between systolic blood pressure and all-cause mortality differs between frail and nonfrail individuals, highlighting uncertainties about the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatments in frail populations.

Methods: Using data from the SHEP trial (Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program), a baseline frailty index (FI), including 55 variables, was constructed. Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to explore the association between baseline FI and the risks of stroke, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause death, as well as to examine whether the impact of antihypertensive treatment on these outcomes was modified by baseline FI.

Automatic feature selection and weighting in molecular systems using Differentiable Information Imbalance.

Feature selection is essential in the analysis of molecular systems and many other fields, but several uncertainties remain: What is the optimal number of features for a simplified, interpretable model that retains essential information? How should features with different units be aligned, and how should their relative importance be weighted? Here, we introduce the Differentiable Information Imbalance (DII), an automated method to rank information content between sets of features. Using distances in a ground truth feature space, DII identifies a low-dimensional subset of features that best preserves these relationships. Each feature is scaled by a weight, which is optimized by minimizing the DII through gradient descent.

Food utility potential of protease obtained from insect-commensal Bacillus subtilis AU-2.

Background: Bacillus subtilis AU-2, isolated from the gut of Tribolium castaneum, was used for protease production. The purified protease was evaluated for its potential in food-related applications including meat tenderization, milk coagulation, and the preparation of enzymatic soybean hydrolysates. Enzymatic hydrolysis of soy protein is an effective method for producing protein hydrolysates with optimal techno-functional properties.

Long-range enhancement for fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy using Ag nanoislands protected with column-structured silica overlayer.

We demonstrate long-range enhancement of fluorescence and Raman scattering using a dense random array of Ag nanoislands (AgNIs) coated with column-structured silica (CSS) overlayer of over 100 nm thickness, namely, remote plasmonic-like enhancement (RPE). The CSS layer provides physical and chemical protection, reducing the impact between analyte molecules and metal nanostructures. RPE plates are fabricated with high productivity using sputtering and chemical immersion in gold(I)/halide solution.

Response Matching for Generating Materials and Molecules.

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful tools for the generation of new molecular and material structures. The key insight is that the noise in these models is related to the response of the atoms to displacement, and the denoising step is thus analogous to the geometry relaxation of atomistic systems starting from a random structure. Building on this, we present a generative method called Response Matching (RM), which leverages the fact that each stable material or molecule exists at the minimum of its potential energy surface.

Twenty-Four-Hour Post-Thrombolysis NIHSS Score As the Strongest Prognostic Predictor After Acute Ischemic Stroke: ENCHANTED Study.

Background: This study was conducted to determine optimal predictive ability of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) measurements at baseline, 24 hours, and change from baseline to 24 hours after thrombolysis on functional recovery in patients with acute ischemic stroke who participated in the ENCHANTED (Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study).

Methods And Results: ENCHANTED was an international, multicenter, 2×2 quasifactorial, prospective, randomized open trial of low-dose versus standard-dose intravenous alteplase and intensive versus guideline-recommended blood pressure lowering in thrombolysis-eligible patients with acute ischemic stroke. Absolute (baseline minus 24 hours) and percentage (absolute change/baseline × 100) changes in NIHSS scores were calculated.

Characterization of oral drug absorption from jelly formulations: Effects of membrane permeability and intestinal fluid volume.

This study aims to clarify the process of oral drug absorption from jelly formulations. Agar and pectin-based jellies containing drugs with different membrane permeability (high: antipyrine [ANT], medium: metoprolol [MET], low: atenolol [ATE]) were prepared and tested for in vitro drug release and in vivo drug absorption in rats. All drugs showed similar release profiles in vitro from both jelly formulations, except for the faster release from pectin jelly at neutral pH.

Impact of Health Care Management Workshops on the Health-Seeking Behavior of Traffic Police in Bhubaneswar.

Background: Sustainable development goals (SDGs) 3.9.1 and 11.

High-resolution and highly accelerated MRI T2 mapping as a tool to characterise renal tumour subtypes and grades.

Background: Clinical imaging tools to probe aggressiveness of renal masses are lacking, and T2-weighted imaging as an integral part of magnetic resonance imaging protocol only provides qualitative information. We developed high-resolution and accelerated T2 mapping methods based on echo merging and using k-t undersampling and reduced flip angles (TEMPURA) and tested their potential to quantify differences between renal tumour subtypes and grades.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with treatment-naïve renal tumours were imaged: seven renal oncocytomas (RO); one eosinophilic/oncocytic renal cell carcinoma; two chromophobe RCCs (chRCC); three papillary RCCs (pRCC); and twelve clear cell RCCs (ccRCC).

Prediction of Future Parkinson Disease Using Plasma Proteins Combined With Clinical-Demographic Measures.

Background And Objectives: Identification of individuals at high risk of developing Parkinson disease (PD) several years before diagnosis is crucial for developing treatments to prevent or delay neurodegeneration. This study aimed to develop predictive models for PD risk that combine plasma proteins and easily accessible clinical-demographic variables.

Methods: Using data from the UK Biobank (UKB), which recruited participants across the United Kingdom, we conducted a longitudinal study to identify predictors for incident PD.

Intensive Ambulance-Delivered Blood-Pressure Reduction in Hyperacute Stroke.

Background: Treatment of acute stroke, before a distinction can be made between ischemic and hemorrhagic types, is challenging. Whether very early blood-pressure control in the ambulance improves outcomes among patients with undifferentiated acute stroke is uncertain.

Methods: We randomly assigned patients with suspected acute stroke that caused a motor deficit and with elevated systolic blood pressure (≥150 mm Hg), who were assessed in the ambulance within 2 hours after the onset of symptoms, to receive immediate treatment to lower the systolic blood pressure (target range, 130 to 140 mm Hg) (intervention group) or usual blood-pressure management (usual-care group).

Bayesian brain computing and the free-energy principle: an interview with Karl Friston.

The free-energy principle entails the Bayesian brain hypothesis that can be implemented by many schemes considered in this field. The combination of multimodal brain imaging and free-energy minimization has shown promise in unraveling complex brain dynamics and understanding the interactions among distinct brain regions. The Bayesian mechanics of brain computing gives a unique route to understanding authentic (neuromimetic) intelligence and, more importantly, points towards the development of brain-inspired intelligence.

Pushing thermal conductivity to its lower limit in crystals with simple structures.

Materials with low thermal conductivity usually have complex crystal structures. Herein we experimentally find that a simple crystal structure material AgTlI (I4/mcm) owns an extremely low thermal conductivity of 0.25 W/mK at room temperature.

CogniFiber: Harnessing Biocompatible and Biodegradable 1D Collagen Nanofibers for Sustainable Nonvolatile Memory and Synaptic Learning Applications.

Here, resistive switching (RS) devices are fabricated using naturally abundant, nontoxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable biomaterials. For this purpose, 1D chitosan nanofibers (NFs), collagen NFs, and chitosan-collagen NFs are synthesized by using an electrospinning technique. Among different NFs, the collagen-NFs-based device shows promising RS characteristics.

Improvements in Between-Vendor MRI Harmonization of Renal T Mapping using Stimulated Echo Compensation.

Background: T mapping is valuable to evaluate pathophysiology in kidney disease. However, variations in T relaxation time measurements across MR scanners and vendors may occur requiring additional correction.

Purpose: To harmonize renal T measurements between MR vendor platforms, and use an extended-phase-graph-based fitting method ("StimFit") to correct stimulated echoes and reduce between-vendor variations.

Clinical laboratory tests and dementia incidence: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Dementia is a major public health issue and a heavy economic burden. It is urgently necessary to understand the underlying biological processes and to identify biomarkers predicting risk of dementia in the preclinical stage for prevention and treatment.

Methods: By using the data of the 367,093 white British individuals from UK Biobank, we investigated the relationship between 56 laboratory measures and 5-year dementia incidence using logistic regression.

Biphenyl-rGO composite room temperature gas sensor for enhanced amine sensing.

Amines, which are classified as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), serve a variety of purposes in the fields of environmental monitoring, food safety, and healthcare diagnosis. The present technique for detecting amine levels involves sophisticated setups and bulky equipment. Here.

A structurally precise mechanism links an epilepsy-associated potassium channel mutation to interneuron dysfunction.

De novo heterozygous variants in encoding the voltage-gated potassium (K) channel subunit Kv3.2 are a recently described cause of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). A de novo variant in c.

How the digital infrastructure construction affects urban carbon emissions-A quasi-natural experiment from the "Broadband China" policy.

The global emphasis on informatization and low-carbon development is growing. Using staggered Difference-In-Differences (DID) methodology, this research examines the impact of digital infrastructure development on urban carbon dioxide emissions and explores its underlying causal mechanisms. Drawing from a comprehensive 2009-2019 panel dataset of 240 Chinese cities, the study employs the "Broadband China" policy as a reliable proxy for digital infrastructure construction (DIC).

Peripheral immunity and risk of incident brain disorders: a prospective cohort study of 161,968 participants.

Whether peripheral immunity prospectively influences brain health remains controversial. This study aims to investigate the longitudinal associations between peripheral immunity markers with incident brain disorders. A total of 161,968 eligible participants from the UK Biobank were included.

Investigator knowledge, awareness, and registrations of academic clinical trials with the Clinical Trial Registry of India: An observational study.

Introduction: In 2019, the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) introduced the New Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules 2019 (NDCTR), which separated the research guidelines for "Clinical Trials" and "Biomedical and Health Research." As a result, guidelines issued by were stated to apply to academic clinical trials (ACTs). This change is important because academic studies are crucial for scientific advancement and repurposing of approved drugs in health-care industry.

Mechanistic insight on water dissociation on pristine low-index TiO surfaces from machine learning molecular dynamics simulations.

Water adsorption and dissociation processes on pristine low-index TiO interfaces are important but poorly understood outside the well-studied anatase (101) and rutile (110). To understand these, we construct three sets of machine learning potentials that are simultaneously applicable to various TiO surfaces, based on three density-functional-theory approximations. Here we show the water dissociation free energies on seven pristine TiO surfaces, and predict that anatase (100), anatase (110), rutile (001), and rutile (011) favor water dissociation, anatase (101) and rutile (100) have mostly molecular adsorption, while the simulations of rutile (110) sensitively depend on the slab thickness and molecular adsorption is preferred with thick slabs.

Europium oxide modified reduced graphene oxide composite for trace detection of hydrogen phosphate ions in soil samples.

The phosphate (PO) ion is a constituent of the environment, soil, plants, and animals. There should be a real-time and portable phosphate detection sensor. Herein we propose a colorimetry based sensitive method for hydrogen phosphate (HPO) ions detection using europium oxide modified reduced graphene oxide composite (EuO-RGO) and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs).