Hyphema and vitreous hemorrhage after micropulse cyclophotocoagulation a case report.

Introduction: We present two cases of vitreous hemorrhage after micropulse cyclophotocoagulation one of which had concurrent hyphema. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first cases of vitreous hemorrhage due to micropulse CPC in the United States.

Case Description: The first case is an 82-year-old woman with bilateral severe primary open angle glaucoma.

Gender Representation Among Ophthalmology Fellowship Directors in 2022.

Purpose: Women are underrepresented in several medical specialties, including ophthalmology. Reducing disparities is critical in diversifying perspectives and increasing equity within ophthalmology, both of which can ultimately improve care delivery. We examined ophthalmic fellowship programs directors in the United States to investigate gender disparities by subspecialty.

EyeArt artificial intelligence analysis of diabetic retinopathy in retinal screening events.

Purpose: Early detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) are critical for decreasing the risk of vision loss and preventing blindness. Community vision screenings may play an important role, especially in communities at higher risk for diabetes. To address the need for increased DR detection and referrals, we evaluated the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for screening DR.

Consultations in Eye Pathology: Experience at an Ophthalmology Specialty Hospital.

Context.—: Ophthalmic pathology is a discipline that relies heavily on a knowledge of clinical ophthalmology. The diagnosis of ocular and periocular lesions can be challenging because some lesions and diseases are unique to this region, whereas others may demonstrate site-specific differences from nonocular counterparts.

Risk factors for central retinal vein occlusion in young adults.

Purpose: Several risk factors have been identified for central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in older population. CRVO in young is uncommon, and the risk factors for this group are unclear. This large retrospective, cross-sectional study used the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database to evaluate the risk factors for CRVO in patients 18 to 40 years of age.

Conjunctival Melanocytic Nevi With Granular Cell Change.

Context.—: Granular cell change in melanocytic nevus is underrepresented in the literature with only 4 well-documented cases, 1 described in the conjunctiva. Unfamiliarity with the clinical and pathologic features of these lesions contributes to the diagnostic difficulty.

INFECTIOUS KERATITIS-ASSOCIATED ENDOPHTHALMITIS: A 14-Year Study.

Purpose: To describe the demographics, characteristics, management, and outcomes of eyes with endophthalmitis related to infectious keratitis.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of all patients treated for infectious keratitis-associated infectious endophthalmitis between 2001 and 2014 at University Hospital, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School.

Results: Thirty-eight cases with infectious keratitis-associated infectious endophthalmitis were identified (21 men [55%], mean age: 66.

Software-Assisted Depth Analysis of Optic Nerve Stereoscopic Images in Telemedicine.

Background. Software guided optic nerve assessment can assist in process automation and reduce interobserver disagreement. We tested depth analysis software (DAS) in assessing optic nerve cup-to-disc ratio (VCD) from stereoscopic optic nerve images (SONI) of normal eyes.

Successful Treatment of Extensive Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Conjunctiva and Upper Eyelid Skin With Topical Therapy Alone.

This study reports a case of extensive periocular squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva, extending into the superior fornix, over the upper eyelid margin, and involving the superficial layers of the eyelid skin up to the eyebrow, that was successfully treated solely with topical therapy.

Recent Innovations in Medical and Surgical Retina.

Purpose: To summarize major innovations in retinal disease management during fiscal year 2014.

Design: Literature review.

Methods: A subset of papers published in the peer-reviewed literature were selected.

Effect of age and disc size on rim order rules by Heidelberg Retina Tomograph.

Purpose: The ISNT rule for nonglaucomatous eyes suggests that the neuroretinal rim is thickest at the inferior quadrant (I), followed by the superior (S), nasal (N), and temporal (T) quadrants. This study aimed to use Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT III) measurements to assess (a) fulfillment of the ISNT rule and its derivatives in a large normative database and (b) effect of disc size and age on rule fulfillment.

Patients And Methods: A multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study of a Caucasian normative database consisting of 280 subjects with normal comprehensive biomicroscopic examination, intraocular pressure <21 mm Hg, and normal automated visual field testing was conducted.

Adult-Onset Ligneous Conjunctivitis with Detection of a Novel Plasminogen Gene Mutation and Anti-Plasminogen IgA Antibody: A Clinicopathologic Study and Review of Literature.

Purpose: To report a novel plasminogen gene mutation and detection of anti-plasminogen antibodies in a patient with ligneous conjunctivitis successfully treated with 60% fresh frozen plasma (FFP).

Methods: Retrospective data collected on a 45-year-old Caucasian female presenting with unilateral chronic membranous lesions.

Results: Laboratory investigation demonstrated decreased plasminogen antigen level, plasminogen activity, and rate of plasminogen activation by u-PA or t-PA, and elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1.

Impact of fellowship training on research productivity in academic ophthalmology.

Objectives: To assess whether scholarly impact of academic ophthalmologists, as measured using the h-index, is affected by fellowship training status and to further characterize differences in productivity among the various subspecialties and by departmental rank.

Design: A descriptive and correlational design was used. In total, 1440 academic ophthalmologists from 99 ophthalmology training programs were analyzed.

Management of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema.

Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) is a common complication following cataract surgery. Acute PCME may resolve spontaneously, but some patients will develop chronic macular edema that affects vision and is difficult to treat. This disease was described more than 50 years ago, and there are multiple options for clinical management.

Trophic factors in the pathogenesis and therapy for retinal degenerative diseases.

Trophic factors are endogenously secreted proteins that act in an autocrine and/or paracrine fashion to affect vital cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and regeneration, thereby maintaining overall cell homeostasis. In the eye, the major contributors of these molecules are the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and Müller cells. The primary paracrine targets of these secreted proteins include the photoreceptors and choriocapillaris.

Recent Innovations in Medical and Surgical Retina.

Purpose: To highlight recent innovations in the medical and surgical treatment of retinal disease.

Design: Retrospective literature review.

Methods: The peer-reviewed, published (during 2012) English literature was searched using the Medline database.

Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty in a patient with keratoglobus and chronic hydrops secondary to a spontaneous descemet membrane tear.

Purpose. To report the use of Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) in a patient with keratoglobus and chronic hydrops. Case Report.

Ranibizumab in patients with dense cataract and proliferative diabetic retinopathy with rubeosis.

Background: To evaluate the safety of ranibizumab as a surgical adjunct during cataract surgery in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with rubeosis, and to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of ranibizumab in treating PDR with rubeosis.

Materials And Methods: Three intravitreal injections of 0.5 mg ranibizumab were administered on day-1, months-1 and -2 with cataract surgery 6-16 days after first injection.

Fundus autofluorescence imaging in an ocular screening program.

Purpose. To describe integration of fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging into an ocular screening program. Methods.

Software-assisted analysis during ocular health screening.

Objective: To describe the use of software-assisted analysis of non-mydriatic 45° color fundus images during comprehensive ocular screening.

Materials And Methods: Software-driven filters (blue [490 nm; nerve fiber layer], green [550 nm; neural retina], and red [610 nm; pigmented retina/choroid]) and an "emboss" (topographic changes) digital filter were used to enhance image analysis during ocular health screening performed using a Canon (Tokyo, Japan) 8.2-megapixel non-mydriatic retinal camera.

Relationship of retinal vessel caliber to cardiovascular disease and mortality in African Americans with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To examine the relationship between retinal arteriolar and venular diameter and the 6-year incidence of cardiovascular disease and mortality among African Americans with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Included were 468 African Americans with type 1 diabetes mellitus who participated in the New Jersey 725 and who had undergone a 6-year follow-up examination. At both baseline and 6-year follow-up, hypertension and presence of heart disease, stroke, or lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) were documented and confirmed by review of hospital admission and medical records.

Pars plana Baerveldt tube insertion with pars plana vitrectomy for refractory glaucoma.

Background: Glaucoma drainage implants (GDIs) are used for managing recalcitrant glaucoma and are usually placed in the anterior chamber. This approach may lead to complications such as corneal decompensation, and so a pars plana approach is used in at risk eyes.

Aims: To compare functional outcomes and complications of 250 mm(2) and 350 mm(2) pars plana Baerveldt tube insertion with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) (both 20- and 23-gauge) for managing refractory glaucoma.

Mycophenolate mofetil in the treatment of chronic non-infectious, non-necrotizing scleritis.

Purpose: To determine the effectiveness and corticosteroid (CS) sparing capabilities of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in the treatment of chronic non-infectious, non-necrotizing scleritis.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients treated for scleritis at the Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science at New Jersey Medical School was performed. Only those patients taking MMF for greater than or equal to six consecutive months were included.

23-Gauge pars plana vitrectomy with pars plana Baerveldt tube placement for refractory glaucoma.

Purpose: To describe a case series of combined 23-gauge vitrectomy and pars plana Baerveldt tube insertion for intraocular pressure (IOP) control in eyes with glaucoma resistant to maximum tolerated medical therapy and/or having failed previous IOP-lowering procedures.

Methods: Eight consecutive patients (8 eyes) undergoing a combined procedure were identified and included in this study. Outcome measures included preoperative and final best-corrected visual acuity (VA), IOP, number of glaucoma medications, and complications.