Spatial memory obviates following behaviour in an information centre of wild fruit bats.

According to the information centre hypothesis (ICH), colonial species use social information in roosts to locate ephemeral resources. Validating the ICH necessitates showing that uninformed individuals follow informed ones to the new resource. However, following behaviour may not be essential when individuals have a good memory of the resources' locations.

A porphyrin-based molecular cage guided by designed local-electric field is highly selective and efficient.

The present work outlines a general methodology for designing efficient catalytic machineries that can easily be tweaked to meet the demands of the target reactions. This work utilizes a principle of the designed local electric field (LEF) as the driver for an efficient catalyst. It is demonstrated that by tweaking the LEF, we can catalyze the desired hydroxylation products with enantioselectivity that can be changed at will.

Methionine aminopeptidase 2 as a potential target in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is an aggressive metastatic cancer with a very low survival rate. This tumor is hypovascularized and characterized by severe hypoxic regions, yet these regions are not impeded by the oxidative stress in their microenvironment. PDA's high resilience raises the need to find new effective therapeutic targets.

"The most shocking thing was that I didn't respond to the abuse": The peritraumatic responses and transitions as conveyed by survivors of continuous child sexual abuse.

Background: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a worldwide phenomenon with ongoing and far-reaching consequences for millions of children worldwide. It is a consensus among researchers that continuous CSA represents a unique challenge.

Objective: The current study aimed to explore the peritraumatic responses of survivors of continuous CSA as described in their written narratives of abuse.

MicroRNA expression changes in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients' leukocytes prior to and following deep brain stimulation (DBS).

The second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide in the elderly is Parkinson's disease (PD). It is a major risk factor for aging. Currently the involvement of miRNAs in the disease is mainly unclear.

An accessible scheme for monitoring free-roaming cat population trends.

Free-roaming cats (FRCs) form nondomiciliary population groups that might lead to adverse environmental effects, as well as to welfare impairment of the cats themselves. Though criticized by ecologists, for the last two decades, the trap-neuter-return (TNR) programs were often employed aiming to manage these populations. At present, no accepted and accessible monitoring scheme exists to determine the effectiveness of those programs.

Changes in lipid droplets morphometric features in mammary epithelial cells upon exposure to non-esterified free fatty acids compared with VLDL.

The effects of the macrostructure of long chain fatty acids on the lipid metabolism and biosynthesis of lipid droplets (LD) was studied in mammary epithelial cells (MEC). MEC were exposed to similar compositions and concentrations of fatty acids in the form of either triglycerides (Tg), as part of the very-low-density lipids (VLDL) isolated from lactating cow plasma, or as non-esterified- free fatty acids (FFA). Exposing MEC to FFA resulted in two distinct processes; each independently could increase LD size: an elevation in Tg production and alterations in phospholipid (PL) composition.

Adjustment Outcomes of Native and Immigrant Youth in Spain: A Mediation Model.

This work proposes a conceptual model of psychological adjustment of native and immigrant adolescents who live in Spain. Psychological adjustment was expected to mediate between perceived family support and adolescents' school adjustment and problem behaviors. Spanish adolescents (n = 156) and immigrant adolescents (n = 137) filled out a self-report questionnaire regarding their perceived family support, psychological adjustment (i.

Classification of eastward propagating waves on the spherical Earth.

Observational evidence for an equatorial non-dispersive mode propagating at the speed of gravity waves is strong, and while the structure and dispersion relation of such a mode can be accurately described by a wave theory on the equatorial β-plane, prior theories on the sphere were unable to find such a mode except for particular asymptotic limits of gravity wave phase speeds and/or certain zonal wave numbers. Here, an ad hoc solution of the linearized rotating shallow-water equations (LRSWE) on a sphere is developed, which propagates eastward with phase speed that nearly equals the speed of gravity waves at all zonal wave numbers. The physical interpretation of this mode in the context of other modes that solve the LRSWE is clarified through numerical calculations and through eigenvalue analysis of a Schrödinger eigenvalue equation that approximates the LRSWE.

Obesity-related indicators and their relationship with serum antioxidant activity levels in Mexican adults.

Introduction: Obesity has been associated with an oxidative process, however there are controversies regarding the potential role of circulating antioxidant activity attributed to non-protein compounds.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the relation between antioxidant activity levels and obesity related-indicators in Mexican young adults.

Methods: Anthropometric measures, serum lipids and uric acid were determined in 78 men and 90 women (a total of 168 individuals).

Influence of glucogenic dietary supplementation and reproductive state of dairy cows on the composition of lipids in milk.

We studied the effects of the frequently used glucogenic dietary supplementation in dairy herds and the hormonal changes occurring during the normal estrous cycle on the composition and concentration of milk lipid components. Holstein dairy cows were synchronized with two injections of prostaglandin F2α (estrus=day 0). Animals were held as controls or drenched for 11 days (day -3 to day 8 of the cycle) with 850 ml/day liquid propylene glycol (treatment, n=13 per group).

The role of dendritic inhibition in shaping the plasticity of excitatory synapses.

Using computational tools we explored the impact of local synaptic inhibition on the plasticity of excitatory synapses in dendrites. The latter critically depends on the intracellular concentration of calcium, which in turn, depends on membrane potential and thus on inhibitory activity in particular dendritic compartments. We systematically characterized the dependence of excitatory synaptic plasticity on dendritic morphology, loci and strength, as well as on the spatial distribution of inhibitory synapses and on the level of excitatory activity.

Determination of potassium with alkali-heavy metal cobaltinitrites.

A procedure is proposed for the removal and determination of K(+) by precipitation with [Co(NO(2))(6)](3-) in the presence of Pb(2+) and H(2)O(2). The whole precipitate is dissolved, the Co(3+) estimated colorimetrically, and the K(+) content calculated, with a relative error of 1%. The potassium-containing precipitate may also be dissolved in NaOH + NH(3) solution, the Co(3+) titrated complexometrically, and the potassium content deduced.