1,705 results match your criteria: "The Gambia and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine[Affiliation]"
J Immunol Res
July 2024
Telethon Kids Institute Perth Children's Hospital, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands 6009, WA, Australia.
The first few days of life are characterized by rapid external and internal changes that require substantial immune system adaptations. Despite growing evidence of the impact of this period on lifelong immune health, this period remains largely uncharted. To identify factors that may impact the trajectory of immune development, we conducted stringently standardized, high-throughput phenotyping of peripheral white blood cell (WBC) populations from 796 newborns across two distinct cohorts (The Gambia, West Africa; Papua New Guinea, Melanesia) in the framework of a Human Immunology Project Consortium (HIPC) study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLOS Glob Public Health
July 2024
Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.
BMC Pediatr
July 2024
MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Introduction: HIV infection and its treatment compromises skeletal development (growth and maturation). Skeletal maturity is assessed as bone age (BA) on hand and wrist radiographs. BA younger than chronological age (CA) indicates delayed development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSyst Rev
July 2024
School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, 30 Regent St, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK.
Background: Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in the world, with a worse prognosis documented in low- and middle-income countries. Inequalities pertaining to breast cancer outcomes are observed at within-country level, with demographics and socioeconomic status as major drivers.
Aim: This review aims to aggregate all available evidence from low- and middle-income countries on public health interventions that can be utilized to reduce breast cancer inequalities within the breast cancer continuum.
is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the genus . It mostly causes nosocomial infections, especially in children, the elderly and those with underlying diseases. However, cases of community-acquired bacteraemia caused by have been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet
July 2024
College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone; Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
Lancet Glob Health
August 2024
Campaigns in Global Health, London, UK. Electronic address:
J Infect Dis
July 2024
Division of Clinical Medicine and NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Background: Streptococcus pyogenes-related skin infections are increasingly implicated in the development of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in lower-resourced settings, where they are often associated with scabies. The true prevalence of S. pyogenes-related pyoderma may be underestimated by bacterial culture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIJTLD Open
April 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala.
Background: Air pollution exposure can increase the risk of development and exacerbation of chronic airway disease (CAD). We set out to assess CAD patients in Benin, Cameroon and The Gambia and to compare their measured exposures to air pollution.
Methodology: We recruited patients with a diagnosis of CAD from four clinics in the three countries.
Pathog Glob Health
July 2024
Grupo de Biogeografía, Diversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología Animal, Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Ciencias, Malaga, Spain.
Lancet Infect Dis
November 2024
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Center for Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address:
The diagnosis of paediatric tuberculosis remains a challenge due to the non-specificity of symptoms and the paucibacillary nature of tuberculosis in children. However, in the development of new tuberculosis diagnostics, the unique needs of children and adolescents are rarely considered in the design process, with delays in evaluation and approval. No clear guidance is available on when and how to include children and adolescents in tuberculosis diagnostic development and evaluation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
July 2024
FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece.
Introduction: Climate change increases not only the frequency, intensity and duration of extreme heat events but also annual temperatures globally, resulting in many negative health effects, including harmful effects on pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes. As temperatures continue to increase precipitously, there is a growing need to understand the underlying biological pathways of this association. This systematic review will focus on maternal, placental and fetal changes that occur in pregnancy due to environmental heat stress exposure, in order to identify the evidence-based pathways that play a role in this association.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIJTLD Open
March 2024
Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
In 2020, it was estimated that there were 155 million survivors of TB alive, all at risk of possible post TB disability. The 2 International Post-Tuberculosis Symposium (Stellenbosch, South Africa) was held to increase global awareness and empower TB-affected communities to play an active role in driving the agenda. We aimed to update knowledge on post-TB life and illness, identify research priorities, build research collaborations and highlight the need to embed lung health outcomes in clinical TB trials and programmatic TB care services.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsteoporos Int
September 2024
Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
July 2024
Department of Disease Control, LSHTM, London, United Kingdom.
Musca sorbens (Diptera: Muscidae) flies are thought to be vectors of the blinding eye disease trachoma, carrying the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) between the eyes of individuals. While their role as vectors has been convincingly demonstrated via randomised controlled trials in The Gambia, studies of fly-borne trachoma transmission remain scant and as such our understanding of their ability to transmit Ct remains poor. We examined fly-eye contact and caught eye-seeking flies from 494 individuals (79% aged ≤9 years) in Oromia, Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Resour Health
June 2024
Department of Child Health, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin, Nigeria.
Background: Peer mentorship can be a potential tool to reduce the disparities in health research capacity between high- and low- and middle-income countries. This case study describes the potential of peer mentorship to tackle two critical issues: bridging health research capacity of doctors from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and the transformation of human resource for health brain drain into "brain gain".
Case Presentation: In 2021, a virtual peer mentorship group was established by 16 alumni of the University of Benin College of Medical Sciences' 2008 graduating class, residing across three continents.
Lancet Microbe
September 2024
Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Leicester Tuberculosis Research Group, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK. Electronic address:
Background: High proportions of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cells in sputum containing triacylglycerol-rich lipid bodies have been shown to be associated with treatment failure or relapse following antituberculous chemotherapy. Although lipid body determination is a potential biomarker for supporting clinical trial and treatment decisions, factors influencing variability in sputum frequencies of lipid body-positive (%LB) M tuberculosis in patients are unknown. We aimed to test our hypothesis that exposure to host-generated NO and M tuberculosis strains are factors associated with differences in sputum %LB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Infect Dis
June 2024
Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Background: Advanced HIV disease (AHD) in young people living with HIV (PLHIV) is an increasingly pressing public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite global progress in early HIV testing and reducing HIV-related deaths, many youths experience increased rates of HIV disease progression in sub-Saharan Africa. This study describes the burden, clinical manifestations, and factors for disease progression among young PLHIV aged 15 - 24 years seeking medical services at a major public hospital in Sierra Leone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
May 2024
Department of Medical Biochemistry, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, Uburu 491105, Nigeria.
There is a myriad of diseases that plague the world ranging from infectious, cancer and other chronic diseases with varying interventions. However, the dynamism of causative agents of infectious diseases and incessant mutations accompanying other forms of chronic diseases like cancer, have worsened the treatment outcomes. These factors often lead to treatment failure via different drug resistance mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
June 2024
Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Enteric viral pathogens are associated with a significant burden of childhood morbidity and mortality. We investigated the relationship between viral pathogens and child growth among under-5 children. We analyzed data from 5572/22,567 children enrolled in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study across seven study sites (2007-2011).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Gastroenterol Hepatol
July 2024
Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité d'Épidémiologie des Maladies Émergentes, Paris 75015, France. Electronic address:
BMC Public Health
June 2024
Hepatitis B Foundation, Doylestown, PA, USA.
Over 250 million individuals live with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection worldwide. A significant proportion of these people often face discrimination defined as the unjust, unfair, or prejudicial treatment of a person on the grounds of their hepatitis B status. Hepatitis B related discrimination has not been widely documented in the literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKey Clinical Message: (. ), a rare opportunistic pathogen, caused sepsis in a malnourished 15-month-old African child. Early detection and appropriate antibiotics led to full recovery, highlighting the importance of robust surveillance for emerging pathogens in vulnerable populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Glob Health
June 2024
Ministry of Health Lao PDR, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic.
Introduction: The global COVID-19 vaccine rollout has been impacted by socioeconomic disparities and vaccine hesitancy, but few studies examine reasons for changed attitudes. In Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), a nationwide government-led initiative was developed in response to COVID-19, focused on community health ownership and trust in primary healthcare. The intervention team including health and governance sectors conducted capacity-building workshops with local staff and community representatives and visited villages for vaccination outreach.
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